1 ¡ B i e n v e n i d o a M é x i c o !
2 How to fiesta
3 La comida
4 La música
5 … and a piñata
6 Mariachis y (narco)corridos -street musicians from Jalisco -1905: birthday party of mexican dictator Porfirio Díaz -french: “Mariage” -traditional “Charro”-suits (mexican cowboys) -Ensemble: oversize mexican guitar, smaller guitar (“Vihuela”), bass guitar, trumpet, 2 violins, singer, harp (occasionally) -songs about love, heartaches, women & the beauty of Mexico -Día de Santa Cecilia (Nov 22, patron saint) -Fiesta Internacional del Mariachi (Jalisco, late Aug/early Sept) -Mexico City: Plaza Garibaldi (N) - Heroic ballads (former themes: borderland struggle, Mexican Revolution; modern: love, violence, drugs, crime, corruption) - Employers: often the mafia (> 20 deaths in the recent years) - not played publicly anymore since 2001
7 Family occasions -baptism - quinceañera Thanksgiving mass (catholics) - Rosary/locket (Señora de Guadalupe) - Tiara - Flower bouquet Celebration party - Gifts/toasts & speeches - Dances (waltz & modern) - La Ultima Muñeca (Mayan ritual) - Ritual of the shoe - recalentado - wedding - funeral - & others
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9 El deporte
10 (Pantomime) -Día de la Raza -Navidad -Día de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe -Año Nuevo -Día de Todos los Santos & Día de los Muertos -Semana Santa -Carnaval -Día de la Independencia -Día de los Santos Reyes
11 Semana Santa (Apr) y Navidad (Dec 25) – most important holidays of the year -Holy Week (Palm Sunday – Easter Sunday) -church mass on Good Friday & Easter Sunday -breaking of cascarones over heads of friends & family -Passion Play, Processión del Silencio (regional) -flower decorated altars everywhere -Beginning: fiesta for the Virgin de la Solidad (Dec 16-18, patron saint of Oaxaca) -Highlight: Posada Play (Dec 18-24, afterwards church mass, piñata party) -Dec 23: huge parade (Queretaro); Noche de los Rabanos (booths on Zócalo) -Christmas Eve: Nochebuena (processions, music, dancing, piñatas, fireworks) -Día de los Santos Reyes (Jan 06): family dinner with mole and rosca (image, muneca inside) -End of festivities: Día de Candelaria (Feb 2, party, dances on churchyard, special market)
12 Carnaval (Mar) -5-day celebration before Ash Wednesday (beginning of the 40-day fasting period) -“Carnaval“ (Latin): take away/goodbye to flesh -largest events in port cities, especially in: Mazatlán (third largest after Rio de Janeiro & New Orleans), Ensenada, La Paz, Veracruz -Parades, floats, costumes, masks (protection from evil spirits, anonymity), music, dancing, food, drinks & liquor, cascarones, crafts market -occasionally: amusement parks, masquerade balls, outdoor festivals, public street fair (Mazatlán), fireworks -Coronation of the Flower Queen, the Carnaval Queen & El Rey Feo -the Quema de Mal Humor -Monday: El Día del Marido Oprimido
13 Día de la Raza (Oct 12) -celebration of Columbus’s arrival in the Americas 1492 -first celebrated in Mexico in 1928 -celebrated all over the continent & in Spain (USA: Columbus Day, Bahamas: Discovery Day, Uruguay: Día de las Américas) -new Spanish title since 1957: Día de la Hispanidad -role-plays in schools Día de la Independencia (Sep 16) -after Spanish Revolution under Napoleon: splitting of Spaniards in Mexico between Gachupines (Spanish-born following Joseph Bonaparte) and Criollos (Spaniards born in Mexico, followers of King Ferninand of Spain) -Catholic priest Miguel Hidalgo: well- educated humanitarian sympathising with Indians -El Grito de Dolores: “¡Mexicanos, Viva Mexico!“ turned into a massacre of Spaniards -1810: battle of independence between indigenous Indians and Mestizos against Spanish government -Hidalgo executed by Gachupines only 1 year later -11 years of war -today: every year at midnight on Sept 15, Mexicans shout the Grito (lead by President)
14 Día de Todos los Santos (Nov 01) & Día de los Muertos (Nov 02) -All Saints‘ Day (Nov 01) for dead children (angelitos) -All Souls‘ Day (Nov 02) return of the deceased adults -Aztec festival in Jul/Aug (queen of the underworld Mictecacíhuatl) -sweet bread, sugar canes and chocolate in various shapes (skulls, coffins, etc.), skeleton toy dolls, puppets -whole meals (favorite food and drinks) for deceased family member -Candles to light up their way -Gravestones decorated with special flower bouquets only for this occasion -All-night vigil (traditionally) with church bells ringing -Best in: Oaxaca, Pátzcuaro
15 Día de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (Dec 12) -La Morena, la Indita -Story behind belief: the Virgin of Guadalupe appeared to Juan Diego (indegenous Indian) on Dec 09, 1531 -he has to convince the Bishop Juan de Zumarraga to build a church on top of the Hill of Tepeyac -the Bishop did not believe the words of the newly baptized Christian -Virgin Mary told him to pick flowers on top of the hill (in December) -Juan Diego used his coat collecting them – where an image of the Virgin appeared to the Bishop -first procession 2 weeks later – Hernán Cortés participated -Today: fiesta on the Plaza with music and dance, crafts market, altars, food, parades/rodeos/bullfights (regional), etc.
16 la t r i v i a G R A N D E
17 Kara-Jane Schupfer in association with ijgd Mexico 2011 Zyklus A – Vorbereitungsseminar II – Asien/Lateinamerika special thanks to: Benni & Kathi
18 Indication of source/list of references Literature -ADAC Reiseführer Mexiko -1,000 Places to see before you die -Lonely Planet Mexico -Columbus Tourist Attractions & Events of the World -Komet Mexiko -100 Städte der Welt -Traumziele -Traumstraßen World wide web -www.magisches-mexiko.com -www.sectur.gob.mx -www.visitmexico.com -www.panamrace.com -www.mexonline.com -www.wikipedia.org Images -www.etsy.com -www.photobucket.com -www.mexicovacationtravels.com -www.flickr.com -www.veranstaltungsdienst.de -www.imdb.com -www.123rf.com -www.mex.homestead.com -www.popartmachine.com -www.cookingwithjomama.com -www.citypictures.org -www.mapoftheunitedstates.wordpress.com -www.milebymile.com