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2  EXPRIMENTAL DESIGN SOAPNUT OIL-Biofuel from a non-edible plant Equipments: separating funnel, pots, a cup, syringe, Bunsen burner, hammer. Reagents: soapnut fruit, water, heat source, lead acetate, HCl, hydrogen sulphide and alcohol.

3  Temperature=170 0 c Pressure=1.6atm my production I will first harvest the seeds,. Then after harvesting them, I will collect the seeds. I will then crack them using the hammer to separate the nuts from the shells. From there, I will cold press(temperature is controlled so that it does not exceed 120 deg. F) the nuts for the oil and I will obtain about 1.5 grams of the oil.

4   After extracting the oil, I will then transfer it into a container using a cup. EXTRACTION I will use the process of water extraction to get my oil by boiling the nuts in water at a very high temperature and pressure such that the oil will float on the water and then I can obtain the oil from the water by using a separating funnel.

5  Melting point=105-107deg.C Storage temp= room temp Molecular formula :C27H42O3 From there, I can then extract my main molecule which then helps in the cure of the asthma found in the oil, that is saponin. The saponin could be extracted by process of chemical extraction by fusing( convert it into a liquid) it at 95deg.C. The saponin is prepared by adding excess lead acetate to the oil, then afterwards, some of the lead is removed using hydrogen sulphide. HCl is then added at 40deg.C and white crystals of saponin are obtained. The saponin obtained is not pure and so can be purified by dissolving in alcohol

6  I will first lyophilize the saponin, that is convert it into the a gas. I will then induce the gas into mice using a syringe and study it inhibitory activity against toxic compounds that cause respiratory problems like 5- lipoxygenase(5-Lo), cyclooxygenase(COX), Leukotriene B4(LTB4) and Nitric Oxide synthase(NOS) through the action of the enzymes found in it like serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) elevate in the blood, and hepatic glutathione and superoxide dismutase (SOD) decrease Testing the saponin-invivo

7  Expected Results  After inducing the gas into the mice, I expect that immediately after an hour, it should produce about 90% inhibitory effect on the toxic compounds that is, it should start inhibiting them immediately after 1 hour till when they can no longer act.  Therefore I expect that if it is used in humans, it might reduce the level of asthma by about 85%.

8   http://www.ijptonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/2201- 2214.pdf http://www.ijptonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/2201- 2214.pdf  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3414376 / http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3414376 /  http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB939 3639.htm http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB939 3639.htm  http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ie50354a012 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ie50354a012 References