1 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
2 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal systemWhat do you think?
3 functions and disorders of the1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system Essential Standards: What are the functions of the skeletal system? What are some disorders of the skeletal system? How are skeletal disorders treated? How does the skeletal system relate to the body’s systems of support and movement? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
4 Functions Supports body and provides shape Protects internal organsMovement and anchorage of muscles Mineral storage (Calcium and phosphorus) Hemopoiesis – blood cell formation
5 Functions Of The Skeletal System1. Support Provides the framework to support the body’s fat, muscles, and skin. Gives shape to the body. 2. Protection Protect delicate structures within them (heart, lungs, brain) as well as protecting bone marrow which is responsible for forming blood cells. 3. Movement Serves as a point of attachment for skeletal muscles. As muscles contract and shorten, they pull on bones and move them.
6 Functions (cont) 4. Storage Stores most of the body’s calcium supply.98% of the body’s extracellular calcium is stored in bones. Excess calcium in the blood, calcium goes into bone for storage. Lack of calcium in blood and it goes from bone to blood
7 Functions Of The Skeletal System(continued) 5. Hemiopoiesis (hee-mo-poy-EE-sis) “Hemo” means blood and “poiesis” means to make. Blood cell formation takes place in the red bone marrow. The average life of a RBC is 120 days so your body must produce 3 million new RBC’s every second! If your body’s need for red blood cells is greater than what the body can supply, some of the fatty yellow matter can be converted to red marrow.
8 Review the Functions of the Skeletal SystemWhat functions of the skeletal system are demonstrated in this picture? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
9 Review the Functions of the Skeletal SystemDiscuss hemopoiesis 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
10 Review the Functions of the Skeletal SystemWhich minerals are stored in the skeletal system? What is the relevance to your health? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
11 Review the Functions of the Skeletal SystemDemonstrate movement. Discuss the movement in these pictures. 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
12 Review the Functions of the Skeletal SystemTypes of movement Discuss the movement in these pictures. 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
13 Review the Functions of the Skeletal SystemWhich skeletal structures provide protection? Which organs do they protect? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
14 Review the Functions of the Skeletal SystemHow does the skeletal system provide support? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
15 Disorders of the Skeletal System1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
16 Disorders of the Skeletal SystemArthritis Define the term based on the meaning of its parts arthr/o itis Discuss current knowledge of arthritis 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
17 Arthritis Inflammation of the jointsMost commonly seen in the hand and knee joints Many types, most common: rheumatoid & osteoarthritis
19 Disorders of the Skeletal SystemArthritis Osteoarthritis “degenerative” Occurs w/ aging About 80% of all Americans are affected 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
21 Disorders of the Skeletal SystemArthritis Compare rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. What is the relevance to health? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
22 Disorders of the Skeletal SystemGout Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joint, most commonly big toe but can occur in other joints Treat w/ NSAIDS, other meds 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
23 Disorders of the Skeletal SystemOsteoporosis Discuss this condition. Oste/o por/ous osis What household object does osteoporosis remind you of? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
24 Osteoporosis Affects 25 million Americans, 80% are womenMost often seen in post-menopausal, white women The mineral density of the bone is reduced leaving the bones thinner, porous and susceptible to fracture Person loses calcium and phosphorous
25 Osteoporosis: Bone LossBone at age 33
26 Osteoporosis: Bone LossBone at age 55
27 Osteoporosis: Bone LossBone at age 75
29 Treatment for OsteoporosisAimed at preventing or slowing down the process: Adequate calcium intake Regular exercise Estrogen (hormone supplement) for post-menopausal women Avoid high sodium & potassium diets Bone density studies Got Milk?
30 Osteomyelitis Infection of the boneCould be from a systemic infection…or May occur with a Compound fracture
31 Disorders of the Skeletal SystemRickets Usually found in children Caused by lack of Vitamin D Breastfed babies &/or babies with too little sun exposure (or sunscreen blocking sun) are at higher risk Need vitamin D, calcium, sunshine Normal legs 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
33 Disorders of the Skeletal SystemAbnormal spinal curvatures Kyphosis Lordosis Scoliosis 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
34 Kyphosis AKA: HunchbackA humped curvature in the thoracic curvature of the spine
35 Lordosis AKA: SwaybackExaggerated inward curvature in the lumbar region of the spine just above the sacrum
38 Treatment for Abnormal CurvaturesExercise Back brace Insertion of a metal rod
39 Placement of Rod
41 Skeletal System TraumaDislocation What are the characteristics of a dislocation? Compare dislocation to subluxation (incomplete or impartial dislocation) 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
42 Skeletal System TraumaFractures What is a fracture? Any break in a bone 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
43 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal systemFracture Types 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
44 Skeletal System TraumaFractures Closed or simple Does not pierce the skin Tx: Closed Reduction Cast or Splint to heal 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
45 Skeletal System TraumaFractures Open or compound Pierces through the skin—need to be concerned with infection Tx: Open Reduction/Internal Fixation Surgical intervention with devices such as wires, metal plates, or screws to hold the bones in alignment 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
46 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal systemORIF 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
47 Skeletal System TraumaFractures Comminuted bone is splintered or broken into many pieces 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
48 Skeletal System TraumaFractures Greenstick Common in children Bone is bent & splintered but never completely separated 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
49 Fracture Tx ORIF Closed Reduction TractionSurgical intervention where devises such as wires, plates or screws are used to hold the bone in alignment and cast or splint is applied Closed Reduction Bone fragments are brought into alignment by manipulation and a cast is applied to immobilize the bone Traction Pulling force used to hold the bones in place, used for fractures of long bones
50 Review Skeletal System TraumaHow are fractures treated? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
51 Skeletal System TraumaFractures fracture sites related to osteoporosis Explain why fractures are common in these sites. 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
53 Treatment for a Sprain R-I-C-E R: Rest I: Ice to decrease swellingC: Compression (with an ace bandage) E: Elevate to decrease swelling
54 Trauma (cont) Strain Overstretching or tearing of muscle
55 Arthroscopy Examination of joint using arthroscope with fiber optic lens Most knee injuries are treated with arthroscopy
56 Skeletal System Related JobsPhysical Therapist pg 105 Physical Therapy Assistant pg 108 DO (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine) pg 113 Radiologic Technologist pg 114 Others? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
57 functions and disorders of the1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system Essential Standards: What are the functions of the skeletal system? What are some disorders of the skeletal system? How are skeletal disorders treated? How does the skeletal system relate to the body’s systems of support and movement? 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system
58 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal systemThe End 1.03 Understand the functions and disorders of the skeletal system