1 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 1Chromosomal DNA Viral DNA DNA RNA-DNA hybrid Viral RNA Viral proteins RNA Nucleus Glycoprotein Capsid Reverse transcriptase (RT) Viral envelope 50 nm Host cell Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 1 RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 4 5 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 6 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 7 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

2 50 nm 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 2Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

3 Reverse transcriptase (RT)19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 3 50 nm Capsid Glycoprotein Viral envelope Reverse transcriptase (RT) RNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

4 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 4 Host cell NucleusCopyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

5 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 5 Host cell NucleusCopyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

6 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 6 Host cell NucleusCopyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

7 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 7Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

8 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 8Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

9 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 9Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

10 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 10Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

11 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 11Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Viral RNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

12 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 12Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 Viral RNA 2 RNA-DNA hybrid Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

13 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 13Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 RNA-DNA hybrid 3 DNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

14 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 14Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 DNA Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 4 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

15 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 15Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 4 Chromosomal DNA Viral DNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

16 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 16Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 5 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 RNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

17 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 17Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 Viral proteins 6 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

18 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 18Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 Viral proteins mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 7 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 19Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 Viral proteins mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 7 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

20 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 20Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

21 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 21Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

22 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 22Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

23 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 23Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

24 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 24Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

25 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 25Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

26 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 26Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

27 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 27Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

28 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 28Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

29 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 29Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

30 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 30Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.