1 2016 ANNUAL SAFETY TRAINING FOR ALL STAFF – September 2016Training Topics #1 – Bloodborne Pathogens #2 - Asthma in our Schools #3 - Diabetes & Epilepsy #4 – Pediculosis (Head Lice) #5 – Confidentiality Laws #6 - Hazard Communications Standard #7 - Fire Extinguishers
2 Bloodborne Pathogens…What are they ?#1 - BloodBorne Pathogens Training For School Personnel Bloodborne Pathogens…What are they ? Infectious materials in human blood and body fluids that can cause disease in humans. Exposure can result in serious illness or death. Who is at risk? Anyone who comes in contact with human blood or body fluids. Anyone who touches potentially contaminated surfaces or equipment.
3 Exposure Control Plan Defines who is at riskOutlines procedures to minimize or eliminate exposures to blood- borne diseases Procedures to follow in event of exposure
4 Who is covered? Anyone who can anticipate coming in contact with blood or body fluids while at work. The school system is required to identify personnel whose job duties may expose them to blood or body fluids. Everyone is required to receive information on the dangers of exposure.
5 Workplace TransmissionBlood Body Fluids containing visible blood Semen and vaginal secretions Torn or loose skin
6 Not A BloodBorne PathogenVomitus Sputum Sweat Feces Urine Tears Saliva ** unless visible blood
7 How do BloodBorne Pathogens enter your body?Indirect Transmission Open cuts and nicks Skin abrasions Dermatitis Acne Mucous membranes of eyes, nose or mouth
8 Standard Precautions Treat all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious. Critical because it is impossible to tell who is infected with HBV or HIV by appearances. Many have no knowledge or symptoms of their disease.
9 Reducing Your Risk of ExposurePersonal protective equipment Gloves, mask, gown, lab coat, face shield, protective eye wear Housekeeping Hepatitis B vaccine Hand Washing DEPENDS ON YOU!
10 When to wash hands Before and after touching someone or something potentially infectious After removing gloves After handling potentially infectious material After using the bathroom Before eating, smoking, applying cosmetics, handling contact lens
11 Blood or OPIM Spill ProcedurePrevent accidental exposure to others Wear appropriate PPE Absorb spill (paper towels or biohazard spill kit) Spray Anolyte, let air dry for 10 min Discard contaminated sharps in approved sharps containers Notify Custodial staff for pick up and disposal of waste
12 BloodBorne Pathogens of ConcernHepatitis B Hepatitis C HIV/AIDS
13 Hepatitis B Infection of the liverCan lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer and death 20% risk of infection with a contaminated sharp Virus can survive in dried blood up to 7 days
14 Symptoms of Hepatitis BFatigue Loss of appetite, nausea Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes) Fever Abdominal pain, joint pain 30% have no symptoms Preventable
15 Hepatitis C Most common chronic Bloodborne infection in USCauses liver damage, cirrhosis and liver cancer Leading reason for liver transplants 2% risk of infection by contaminated sharp
16 Symptoms of Hepatitis CSame as Hepatitis B May occur within 2 weeks to many years 85% don’t know they are infected There is NO vaccine and NO cure for Hepatitis C!
17 HIV/AIDS Symptoms of HIV Attacks the body’s immune systemUnable to fight off other infections No vaccine and no cure Symptoms of HIV Mild flu-like symptoms initially (fever, swollen glands) May be free of symptoms for months to many years
18 What if I am exposed? Wash with soap and waterSplash to mucous membranes- rinse or flush with water for 15 min. Have source of infection remain available See School Bookkeeper and School Nurse IMMEDIATELY!
19 BloodBorne Pathogens for SchoolsAs a school employee you must react to emergencies not only with your heart but with your head. Know the facts and take precautions to protect yourself. Students, co-workers and loved ones are counting on you!
20 #2 - Asthma in our schoolsBreathing Easier
21 What is asthma? A chronic diseaseThe lining of the airway becomes inflamed and swells. Mucus can build up. The swelling and mucus makes it hard to breathe.
22 EARLY warning signs Coughing (may be worse at night or with exercise)Wheezing Itchy, runny nose Itchy, sore throat Tightness or pain in chest Peak flow in yellow zone
23 Late warning signs- EmergencyFast Breathing Flaring nostrils Retractions- sinking of the skin between the ribs or front of neck Changes in skin color Difficulty walking or talking Peak flow in red zone
24 Asthma Triggers Smoke and nicotine Cold and flu Pet dander Dust mitesMold/pollen Weather changes Strong odors/ fumes/ chemicals Medicine/food/insect bites Cockroaches Exercise Pediatric Asthma Services, Pitt County Memorial Hospital. (2008). Helping you breath easier. University Health Systems of Eastern Carolina.
25 Inhalers Some inhalers are used as rescue medications. Example- albuterol Use as soon as you notice early or late signs of an asthma episode If exercise triggers asthma attacks, you can use inhalers minutes before exercising to help prevent symptoms Pediatric Asthma Services, Pitt County Memorial Hospital. (2008). Helping you breath easier. University Health Systems of Eastern Carolina.
26 Perquimans County Asthma Emergency Action PlanStay with student, attempt to calm student. Have student rest in a sitting position, breathing slowly through mouth, exhaling slowly through pursed lips. Offer fluids Have student take prescribed medication as ordered by health care provider and parent permission. Notify the school principal and school nurse or first responder. DO NOT LEAVE CHILD ALONE. Notify parent of difficulty breathing or if medication is not effective in 15 minutes If parent is unavailable or student is having extreme difficulty breathing, call 911 and transport to the nearest hospital
27 #3 - Making Sense of It Diabetes and Epilepsy
28 What is Diabetes? Body does not make or properly use insulin because:No insulin production Insufficient insulin production Resistance to insulin’s effects
29 Hypoglycemia Call for emergency help if the student:Low Blood Sugar: Below 70 mg/dl Causes: Too little food, too much insulin, too much exercise Symptoms: Shaking, Dizzy, Sweating, Anxious, Hunger, Impaired vision, Headache, Irritable Treatment: Glucose tablets Fruit Juice Sugar-sweetened soda Call for emergency help if the student: Is not conscious enough to consume a simple sugar Lapses into a a diabetic coma
30 Hyperglycemia Call for emergency help if the student:High Blood Sugar: Above 200 mg/dl Causes: Too much food, too little insulin, illness or stress Symptoms: Extreme thirst, Frequent urination, Hunger, Blurred vision, Drowsiness, Nausea Treatment: Administer insulin Increase fluid intake (water or diet soda) Exercise Call for emergency help if the student: Is not conscious enough to swallow Lapses into a diabetic coma
31 Diabetic Emergency: Call 911!!Never leave a student with high or low blood sugar unattended!
32 Epilepsy Also known as a “seizure disorder”Result of mixed electrical signals in the brain that alters one or more of the following: Movement Sensation Behavior Awareness
33 First Aid For Seizures Stay calm and track timeProtect student from possible hazards (chairs, tables, sharp objects, etc.) Turn student on his/her side Cushion head After the seizure, remain with the student until awareness of surroundings is fully regained Document seizure activity Notify the Nurse and Principal
34 PRECAUTIONS!!! DO NOT put anything in the student’s mouth during a seizure DO NOT hold down or restrain DO NOT attempt to give oral medications, food or drink during a seizure If seizure duration is longer than 5 minutes call 911.
35 #4 - Head Lice Fast Facts Head lice are a common community issueIn the United States, an estimated 6 to 12 million lice infestations occur each year among children aged 3 to 11 Children can get head lice anytime they are in close contact with others – for example, during play at home or school, slumber parties, sports activities or camp Head lice are wingless insects They live close to the scalp and feed on human blood They are not dangerous and do not transmit disease, but are easily spread School nurses are often the first to detect head lice If head lice is suspected, it is important for families to talk to their healthcare provider. Refer to Perquimans County Policy 4232 for prevention measures and reporting procedures.
36 Who and How? Who gets head lice? How do head lice spread?Almost anyone can get head lice Head lice are not a health hazard or sign of poor hygiene Children attending preschool or elementary school, and those who live with them, are the most commonly affected. How do head lice spread? Most often spread by direct head-to-head contact Head lice cannot jump or fly They cannot live off the head for long, so it is uncommon to spread head lice by contact with clothing or other personal items1 Dogs, cats and other pets do not play a role in spreading head lice
37 Is It Head Lice? Some people don’t experience symptoms, but those who do most commonly experience: Tickling feeling on the scalp or in the hair Itching (caused by the bites of the louse) Irritability and difficulty sleeping (lice are more active in the dark) Sores on the head (caused by scratching) Finding a live louse is the best indication of an infestation
38 What Do Head Lice Look Like?When checking a student for head lice, you may see several forms: Nits (eggs) Teardrop shaped Attached to the hair shaft Yellowish or white Can be confused with dandruff, but cannot be brushed off Nymph (baby louse) Grows to adult size in one to two weeks Found on the scalp or in the hair Adult louse Size of a sesame seed Tan to grayish-white Commonly behind the ears and near the neckline Nit Nymph Louse
39 #5 - Confidentiality LawsFERPA-Family Education Rights and Privacy Act *Passed in 1974, amended in 1996 *Applies to all schools that receive money from the U.S. Department of Education *Also called the “Buckley Amendment” IDEA-Individuals With Disabilities Education Act *Passed in 1975, reauthorized in 2004 *Applies to all schools that receive money to serve students with disabilities *Formerly the Education of the Handicapped Act HIPAA - Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act *August 21, 1996 *Applies when a school employs a health care provider that bills Medicaid electronically for services provided to a student Knowledge of confidentiality policies and procedures is required for all persons collecting or using personally identifiable information. FERPA-Family Education Rights and Privacy Act *Passed in 1974, amended in 1996 *Applies to all schools that receive money from the U.S. Department of Education *Also called the “Buckley Amendment” IDEA-Individuals With Disabilities Education Act *Passed in 1975, reauthorized in 1997 *Applies to all schools that receive money to serve students with disabilities *Formerly the Education of the Handicapped Act HIPAA – Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act *Passed August 21, 1996 *Applies when a school employs a health care provider that bills Medicaid electronically for services provided to a student
40 Personally Identifiable Information – The Key to ConfidentialityName of student, student’s parents or other family member Address of the student Any personal identifier (SS #) A list of personal characteristics that would make it possible to identify the student Any medical diagnosis and/or treatments Personally identifiable information is the key to confidentiality.
41 Confidentiality May Be ViolatedWhen staff discusses a child in inappropriate places or situations When staff repeats gossip or rumors about a child or his family If you are unsure contact your immediate supervisor We think about confidential records and are careful to keep records locked up and not released to outsiders, but we sometimes forget about what we discuss verbally in public places as maybe being confidential.
42 Should you have questions contact a School Health Nursing Staff MemberElizabeth Stallings-Registered Nurse - BS Nursing -Perquimans Central School -Perquimans High School Hope Ward-Registered Nurse - BS Nursing National Certified School Nurse -Hertford Grammar School Kelli Goetsch-Registered Nurse – BS Nursing -Perquimans Middle School
43 #6 - Federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard ~ Purpose & GoalGoal: “To reduce the occurrence of workplace illness and injuries caused by hazardous chemicals. This standard is designed to achieve this goal by providing information and training for employees who work with hazardous chemicals.” The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) requires chemical manufacturers, distributors, or importers to provide Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) (formerly known as Material Safety Data Sheets or MSDSs) to communicate the hazards of hazardous chemical products. As of June 1, 2015, the HCS will require new SDSs to be in a uniform format, and include the section numbers, the headings, and associated information under specific headings. OSHA has updated the requirements for labeling of hazardous chemicals under its Hazard Communication Standard (HCS). As of June 1, 2015, all labels will be required to have pictograms, a signal word, hazard and precautionary statements, the product identifier, and supplier identification. -The Goal of the Federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard is “To reduce the occurrence of workplace illness and injuries caused by hazardous chemicals. -This standard is designed to achieve this goal by providing information and training for employees who work with hazardous chemicals.” -There is no job in the Perquimans County School System as vital or urgent as to justify the risk of employee overexposure to a hazardous chemical. -Ask when in doubt. -Proceed with a job only after being satisfied that it is safe for you to do so. -
44 Where to Locate SDS Copies of the SDS for hazardous chemicals are kept outside the main office and in the cafeteria at all schools. Under no circumstance should chemicals be stored where accessible to students. All employees are required to report workplace hazards to their supervisor and use Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) if required. Report unusual odors, unknown substances, and exposure to hazardous chemicals. Employees can refuse to work with chemicals they do not know about. ONLY THOSE CHEMICALS PROVIDED BY PERQUIMANS COUNTY SCHOOLS ARE ALLOWED ON CAMPUS. Perquimans County Schools Lynette Baker - Chemical Hygiene Officer PCHS (252) Jim Davison– District Safety Coordinator Maintenance (252) SDS Books are located at each school outside the main office and in the cafeteria. A few other notes about chemicals in general….. Under no circumstance should chemicals be stored where accessible to students. All employees are required to report workplace hazards to their supervisor and use Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) if required. Report unusual odors, unknown substances, and exposure to hazardous chemicals. ONLY THOSE CHEMICALS PROVIDED BY PERQUIMANS COUTNY SCHOOLS ARE ALLOWED ON CAMPUS. Don’t bring cleaning supplies from home – ask your school custodian for supplies if needed. The only cleaning product you can bring from home is a “Magic Eraser”. Right-to-Know Contacts N.C. Department of Labor Right-to-Know Division 214 West Jones Street Raleigh, NC (919)
45 7 - Rules for Fighting FiresFires can be very dangerous and you should always be certain that you will not endanger yourself or others when attempting to put out a fire. For this reason, when a fire is discovered… Assist any person in immediate danger to safety, if it can be accomplished without risk to yourself. Call 911 or activate the building fire alarm. The fire alarm will notify the fire department and other building occupants and shut off the air handling system to prevent the spread of smoke. If the fire is small (and Only after having done these 2 things), you may attempt to use an extinguisher to put it out. However
46 Rules for Fighting Fires. . . before deciding to fight the fire, keep these things in mind: Know what is burning. If you don’t know what’s burning, you won’t know what kind of extinguisher to use. Is the fire spreading rapidly beyond the point where it started? The time to use an extinguisher is at the beginning stages of the fire. If the fire is already spreading quickly, it is best to simply pull the fire alarm and evacuate the building. As you evacuate a building, close doors and windows behind you as you leave. This will help to slow the spread of smoke and fire.
47 Rules for Fighting FiresDo not fight the fire if: You don’t have adequate or appropriate equipment. If you don’t have the correct type or large enough extinguisher, it is best not to try fighting the fire. You might inhale toxic smoke. When synthetic materials such as the nylon in carpeting or foam padding in a sofa burn, they can produce hydrogen cyanide, acrolein, and ammonia in addition to carbon monoxide. These gases can be fatal in very small amounts. Your instincts tell you not to. If you are uncomfortable with the situation for any reason, just let the fire department do their job.
48 Rules for Fighting FiresThe final rule is to always position yourself with an exit or means of escape at your back before you attempt to use an extinguisher to put out a fire. In case the extinguisher malfunctions, or something unexpected happens, you need to be able to get out quickly. You don’t want to become trapped.
49 How to Use a Fire ExtinguisherIt’s easy to remember how to use a fire extinguisher if you remember the acronym PASS: Pull the pin Aim at the base of the fire Squeeze the top handle Sweep from side to side
50 P A S S Pull the pin Aim at the base of the fire Squeeze the handleSweep side to side The pneumonic PASS is a easy way to remember how to use a fire extinguisher.. P A S S Pull the pin. This will unlock the operating lever or handle and allows you to discharge the extinguisher. Aim the nozzle. Point the extinguisher nozzle or hose low at the base of the fire. Squeeze the handle or lever. This will discharge the extinguishing agent. Releasing the handle will stop the discharge. Sweep from side to side. Move carefully toward the fire. Keep the extinguisher aimed at the base of the fire and sweep back and forth until the flames appear to go out.
51 Always Report the Use of a Fire ExtinguisherReport any use of a fire extinguisher to the Maintenance Department as soon as possible. The extinguisher must be inspected and refilled to make sure it is ready for use in an emergency.
52 Types of Fire ExtinguishersThere are 3 types of fire extinguishers used in Perquimans County Schools: CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) Fire Extinguishers Computer Labs K Fire Extinguishers Kitchens (Grease Fires) ABC Multi-Purpose / Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers Most Common in all PCS Facilities
53 Thank you for your participation in the Annual Safety TrainingThank you for your participation in the Annual Safety Training. Have a Safe School year!