1 Addressing Needs of Displaced Women In The regIonProf.Dr.S.Cansun Demir Past/Vice President of TSOG

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3 Since the unrest in Syria and the start of an influx of Syrian nationals into Turkey, the Government has formally declared and maintained an open border policy. The emergency response of the Turkish authorities has been rapid and professional. The authorities have indicated that they spent 5,6 billion USD in total during the Syria Crisis.

4 Since April 2011, there is a remarkable and continuous Syrian influx to Turkey over 3.000.000of them lives in 25 camps in 10 provinces. The rest all over in Turkey, especially in big cities; Ankara, Istanbul, Izmir, Mersin, Konya, Adana… Yezidi influx around Additionally new refugees from Kobane, expected number

5 Syria Crisis The latest official figures from Prime Ministry Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD): the total refugee population as 1,750,000 of which 260,000 was settled in 25 camps in 10 provinces in South-east Turkey and the rest of the refugees settled in out of camps in these provinces and other big cities of Turkey. Estimated total number of Syrians is 2,500,000 in Turkey.

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9 Hospital Care Surgical Operation DeliveryNumber of Provided Healthcare Services in Turkey (In Total) Outpatient care 8,000,000 Hospital Care 315,000 Surgical Operation 236,000 Delivery 60,000

10 Priority Issues in CrisisA quarter of refugees in Turkey are women of reproductive age – more than 500,000 Four percent of the population are pregnant and delivering refugee women with newborns every year 15 percent of pregnancies would have high-risks and need tertiary care – Cesarean section, operations/ blood transfusion, intensive care.

11 Vulnerability of women, particularly those in the reproductive age, rises: higher risk of reproductive health problems and violence, including sexual violence There are many anecdotal reports regarding Sexual and Gender Based Violence, incidents of early and forced marriages, polygamy, unsafe deliveries, abortions and demand of contraceptives. Universal difficulties of collecting data have to be noted. The need for quality care including family planning and counseling services both inside and outside of camps were eminent through field observations

12 There are emergencies to ensure that:Sexual and reproductive health rights are met, The risks of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity are reduced, HIV prevented, Unwanted pregnancies prevented, Sexual violence and exploitation is addressed and prevented Other reproductive health-related conditions are addressed.

13 Humanitarian Rersponse PartnersUN Crisis Response Team (UNCRT) - UNHCR, UNICEF, WHO, WFP, IOM, UNDP, and OCHA Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) Ministry of Health (MoH), Ministry of Family and Social Polices Ministry of Interior Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM) Universities (Sanliurfa-Harran, Hacettepe-Ankara and Eskisehir-Anadolu) NGOs as Turkish Red Crescent Society (TRCS), International Middle-east Peace Research Center (IMPR), Syrian Social Gathering (SSG), Syrian American Medical Society (SAMS), Support to Life (STL),

14 Definition of sexual violence in the IASC guidelinesincludes at least: rape/attempted rape, sexual abuse, and sexual exploitation is “any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or advances, or acts to traffic a person’s sexuality, using coercion, threats of harm or physical force, by any person regardless of relationship to the victim, in any setting, including but not limited to home and work.” takes many forms, including rape, sexual slavery and/or trafficking, forced pregnancy, sexual harassment, sexual exploitation and/or abuse, and forced abortion

15 Prevention To prevent sexual violence you need to know root causes and risk factors that put people at risk in every sector Food Protection Education Water sanitation Camp management Community groups Health Community services Police/ security

16 Response To develop an appropriate response to sexual violence you need to understand the possible consequences of sexual violence Programming to address consequences can be grouped into four main areas: health psycho-social safety/security legal/justice

17 Arabic brochures on ante-natal care, post-natal care, newborn care and pregnancy nutrition – 300,000 to camps and urban MoH facilities in 10 provinces Provision of SRH and SGBV information (in Arabic language) and services to the refugee population in and outside the camps through NGO collaboration Education on healthy life style, prevention of physical and psychological trauma Support to psychosocial counseling and referral for traumatized women and girls

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19 Provision of Hygienic SuppliesHygiene kits (for family of five) including (hair shampoo, bath soap, tooth brush, hair comb, sanitary pads, tooth paste, wet wipes, vaseline, band-aid, cotton, and underwear) 10 dish-washing containers to Viransehir Camp in SUrfa 3850 soap and 1100 detergent delivered to three camps (Nizip1-2, Karkamis) through IMPR

20 Provision of Medical Equipment and Supplies3 ambulances to humanitarian provinces through AFAD/ MoH 2 sets of RH Kits for 2x100,000 population procured and sent cross-border (XB) 8000 IUDs (intra-uterine devices), 900,000 condoms, 62,700 oral contraceptive (OC) pills procured and delivered to the MoH.

21 Challenges Funds limited, international resource mobilization neededSRH needs of refugees not yet seen as priority by some stakeholders GBV concepts and SRH rights not fully understood – growing conservatism High turn-over in government managerial positions – loss of inst memory Lack of infrastructure, staff and equipment/ supplies for quality services; overloaded staff/ facilities; language difficulties Health transition structural changes; conflicting new roles; loss of PHC team work for preventive services (SRH) Lack of humanitarian robust data and monitoring system; research/ data sharing limited; continuing high spread influx – not full registration Provision of supplies need high resources The high standards set by GoT not sustainable as overall response program In and out camp populations has different challenges (Incomplete registration of Syrians) The local conflict has chronically escalated to a regional conflict and unrest (Security and threats of various groups)

22 Lessons Learned UNFPA SRH/GBV mission effective in developing capacity of TR and SPs Coordination among partners and “One UN” team work efficient Per Turkey’s developed humanitarian response infrastructure, UNFPA’s correct strategy of providing technical assistance for capacity on international standards and focus on SRH/GBV UN advocacy needed on UN principles and internationally agreed development goals within the context of ICPD, international law and human rights MISP/GBV trainings supported SRH advocacy and capacity development for effective coordination and inclusion of SRH into response plans Collaborating with local NGOs key for access to SRH/GBV services, as well as XB logistics and training support

23 Ways Forward Collaborations with Governmental partners, AFAD, MoFSP, MoH improved Advocacy at higher levels supported Awareness rising at community level strengthened More aggressive to work on the field UNFPA is unique in terms of capacity building on SRH as well as procurement of commodities and RH kits Thematic training provided including BEmOC and CEmOC, IUD insertion, MVA… Clinical practice and working with Syrian service providers supported under supervision Regular monitoring and follow up implemented Focus on out of camp population, big provinces and cities Fund raising