1 Adenoiditis
2 Definition Inflammation of the adenoid tissue, usually caused by an infection Adenoids are masses of lymph tissue that help the body to fight infection Adenoids are found in pharynx just behind the nose Tonsils and adenoids are the first line of defense in throat Classified into acute and chronic
3 Causes Virus Adenovirus Rhinovirus Paramyxovirus BacteriaStreptococcus pyogens Streptococcus pneumonia Morexella catarrhalis
4 Risk factors Recurring infections in the throat, neck or headInfections of the tonsils Contact with airborne viruses and bacteria Unhygienic practices
5 Signs and symptoms Fever Runny noseNasal airway obstruction leads to oral breathing Dry mouth Snoring Sleep apnea Rhinorrhea (serous secretion in viral form, mucus purulent secretion in bacterial forms) Symptoms of bacterial adenoiditis will persist upto a week, but viral adenoiditis symptoms will recede spontaneously after 48 hours.
6 Swollen adenoid can block or restrict airwaysAdenoiditis sometimes accompanied by tonsillitis Repeated adenoiditis may lead to enlarged adenoids In children's continuous mouth breathing leads to prominent teeth and thin upper lips. Generally children's will have a long face if there is chronic adenoiditis
7 Diagnosis History collection Physical examination Throat swabsBlood test X rays Posterior rhinoscopy Nasopharyngoscopy CT scan
8 Management Medical managementViral adenoiditis – treatment with analgesics or antipyretics is often sufficient Bacterial adenoiditis – antibiotics Amoxicillin, cephalosporin
9 Surgical management Adenoidectomy - surgical removal of the adenoidsIndications Four or more episodes of recurrent adenoiditis Persisting symptoms even after 2 courses of antibiotic therapy Sleep disturbance with nasal airway obstruction Nasal speech
10 Jenning’s mouth gag St. Claire Thomson Adenoid Curette
11 Hyperextention of head with back supprot
12 Complications of adenoiditisEar infections – it can block Eustachian tube and cause GLUE EAR. Sinusitis – it can block sinus cavity Pneumonia and bronchitis