1 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU2008 ACA Conference Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

2 2008 ACA Conference Are You Ready For Tomorrow? R410A SeminarAiron and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

3 Always Remember, Safety is #1 and Everyone’s Business!2008 ACA Conference Always Remember, Safety is #1 and Everyone’s Business! Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

4 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUUse Safety Equipment Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

5 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOURemove Jewelry Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

6 Lift and Move CorrectlyAiron and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

7 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUElectric Shock BE CAREFUL! High voltage is always dangerous. Even 40 volts can be lethal if skin is wet or damaged. Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

8 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOURefrigerant Safety Most of the safety precautions are the same for R-410A as R-22 For example, never expose cylinders of either refrigerant to temperatures above 125° F Use the same storage rules for both Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

9 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOURefrigerant Safety R-410A has been confirmed to be in the low toxicity range ASHRAE Safety Group: A1/A1 UL Class: Practically Non-flammable. (Can form a combustible mixture with air at pressures above atmospheric pressure) DOT Green Label: Non-flammable Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

10 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOURefrigerant Safety Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

11 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOURefrigerant Safety Skin or Eye Contact: Same as other refrigerants; causes frostbite Flush with lukewarm water Seek immediate medical attention Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

12 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOURefrigerant Safety Avoid exposing it to high temperatures Watch your torch! Exposure to flame can produce toxic compounds Contact with red hot metals can result in explosive reactions Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

13 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCodes Follow all Local Codes. In the absence of local codes, consult the current edition of the National Fuel Gas Code. Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

14 Why Choose R-410A For Air Conditioning?4-15% more efficient than alternative HFC refrigerants for air conditioning applications The chosen refrigerant for newer, more efficient and reliable HVAC systems Enhanced heat-pump performance Cost-effective design No ozone-depleting chemicals Lowest global warming (TEWI) Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

15 Total Equivalent Warming ImpactWhat Is TEWI? Total Equivalent Warming Impact

16 R-410A Benefits to ContractorsOffer your customers the most efficient systems, to improve comfort and control costs Save on projected service costs as R-22 is phased out Meet tough new energy and environmental restrictions today Avoid the potential losses in capacity and energy efficiency of retrofit refrigerant replacements Enhance your reputation by positioning yourself as a refrigerant transition expert Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

17 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUThe 2010 R-22 Phase Out • Phase out all ozone-depleting hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants like R-22 in new equipment by January 1, 2010 • Phase out R-22 for service by 2020 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

18 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUThe 2010 R-22 Phase Out Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

19 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUGetting ready for 2010 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

20 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUWhat’s In A Name? Carrier calls it Puron Dupont calls it Suva 9100 Rheem calls it ProZone Lennox calls it Environ Sanyo calls it Cooleron Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

21 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUWhy Is R-410A So Desirable? Operates in the same temperature ranges as R-22. The cooling equipment can share the same basic design as traditional equipment. For example . . . Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

22 Typical Pressures & Temperatures At 95 Degrees OATSST=41Degrees/SCT=117 Degrees SST=49Degrees/SCT=118 Degrees Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

23 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTerms When two blended refrigerants separate easily, they are called Zeotropic When blended refrigerants don’t segregate in the system, but form a stable chemical composition they are called Azeotropic Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

24 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTerms Fractionation Temperature Glide Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

25 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTerms Fractionation The tendency of one or more components of a blend to leak at a faster rate than other components Changes the composition of the remaining blend still in system Loss of performance results Occurs in zeotropic blends like R-407C Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

26 Terms What is Temperature Glide?Difference in two temperatures at a given constant pressure For example . . . Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

27 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTerms In the evaporator . . . The 1st temperature at which liquid refrigerant first begins to boil is known as the saturated liquid temperature Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

28 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTerms The 2nd Temperature… Saturated vapor temperature: The 2nd temperature at which the last drop of liquid refrigerant has boiled off Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

29 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTerms Temperature Glide At a constant pressure, the difference between the saturated vapor temperature and the saturated liquid temperature is referred to as the temperature glide of the refrigerant The temperature glide of a single compound refrigerant like R-22 is zero Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

30 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTerms R-410A Temperature Glide The temperature glide of R-410A is 0.3°F or essentially zero as well Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

31 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTerms Key Attribute of R-410A Near-Azeotropic properties means it acts like a single compound with minimal temperature glide or fractionation potential Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

32 SERVICING CONSIDERATIONSR410A is a 50/50 (wt. %) mixture of HFC-32/125 R410A exhibits azeotropic behavior with temperature glides that are less than 0.3°F over the operating range Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

33 SERVICING CONSIDERATIONSWhen compared with a zeotrope, an azeotropic mixture such as R410A will not suffer significant segregation in a system and will not materially change its composition due to a leak Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

34 SERVICING CONSIDERATIONSAs a result, servicing a system that uses an azeotropic mixture is similar to servicing a system that uses a pure fluid Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

35 R410A HEAT TRANSFER AND PRESSURE DROPCHARACTERISTICS A number or researchers from tubing, system, and refrigerant manufacturers and universities have conducted studies on the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of R-410A. Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

36 R410A HEAT TRANSFER AND PRESSURE DROPCHARACTERISTICS The results indicate a consistent increase in the evaporation heat transfer averaging 40% higher that R-22 Condensation values are similar to R-22 The pressure drop is significantly less than R-22 in both evaporation and condensation, averaging close to 40% lower in both cases Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

37 R410A Heat Pumps – CompressorConsumer Benefit Reliable Performance Lowest failure rate Durability Quiet Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

38 R410A Heat Pumps – CompressorAiron and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

39 R410A Heat Pumps – Reversing Valve600 Lb burst pressure Heavy duty reversing valve Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

40 R410A Heat Pumps – Muffler Designed Specially for R410A SystemsAiron and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

41 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUAccumulators New accumulators have been designed. Use exact replacement accumulators - can not be mis-matched Do not use any other accumulators as a replacement Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

42 Mixing tube mixes the oil and refrigerant to maximize oil returnAccumulators Mixing tube mixes the oil and refrigerant to maximize oil return R-22 R-410A Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

43 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUFilter Drier Factory supplied, Field installed at Indoor Evaporator Coil Use ONLY factory approved filter drier One of the methods to remove moisture from POE oil is with filter drier Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

44 Now Located At The Indoor CoilAiron and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

45 Factory Shipped Filter Drier Feature & BenefitsFilter drier shipped with each unit (field installed) Consumer Benefit Compressor Protection Reliable Performance Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

46 Pressure Control SettingsBecause of the higher operating pressures, the high & low-pressure control settings must be higher than those encountered on R-22 systems The recommended high-pressure control settings are a cut-out pressure of 610 psig and a cut-in pressure of approximately 500 psig The recommended low-pressure control setting is a cut-out pressure of 50 psig Make sure the pressure control you are using on a 410A system has the correct pressure range allowing it to be adjusted for the correct pressures   Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

47 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil R-22 uses alkylbenzene oil R-410A uses polyolester (POE) oil Oils must be miscible with refrigerant. miscible = able to mix together Oils must be matched with the proper refrigerant Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

48 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil Great lubricant But ! It’s “hygroscopic”: strong attraction to moisture Will absorb water vapor right into the oil Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

49 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

50 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

51 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

52 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

53 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil Keep POE oil sealed in metal containers Keep condensing unit and compressors sealed until right before brazing Always install a liquid line drier whenever R-410A systems have been exposed to the atmosphere Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

54 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil POE oil is manufactured by combining alcohol and acid which then gives off water. The water is then removed Like mineral oil used with R22, POE (Polyolester) oil absorbs moisture, but unlike mineral oil, POE oil breaks down in the presence of moisture to form acids Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

55 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUPOE Oil Mineral Oil is not miscible with HFC Refrigerants (R-410A) Too Much Mineral Oil (> 25%) May Cause Performance Loss Approved Oils ONLY Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

56 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUMoisture & Evacuation The hygroscopic nature of the oils used in R-410A systems cannot be over-emphasized Moisture can be a significant problem to the proper operation and life expectancy of any system operating on the mechanical refrigerant cycle Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

57 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUMoisture & Evacuation Deep Vacuum Method Preferred Method Pump must be capable of 500 micron vacuum Must use micron gauge Triple Evacuation Attain 500 microns Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

58 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUMoisture & Evacuation Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

59 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUMoisture & Evacuation The triple evacuation method should only be used when vacuum pump is only capable of pumping down to 28 in. of mercury vacuum and system does not contain any liquid water. Proceed is as follows: 1. Pump system down to 28 in. of mercury and allow pump to continue operating for an additional 15 minutes. 2. Close service valves and shut off vacuum pump. 3. Connect a nitrogen cylinder and regulator to system and open until system pressure is 2 psig. 4. Close service valve and allow system to stand for 1 hr. During this time, dry nitrogen will be able to diffuse throughout the system absorbing moisture. 5. Repeat this procedure. When 500 microns is achieved the system will then be free of any contaminants and water vapor. Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

60 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUMoisture & Evacuation Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

61 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOULeak Testing Electronic leak detectors designed for HFCs work well So do mixtures of dry nitrogen & R-410A “Bubbles” and Ultrasonic leak detectors can also be used Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

62 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOULeak Testing Do not use halide leak detectors designed for R-22 (won’t change color) Never use a mixture of compressed air and R-410A to check for leaks as this mixture is flammable above one atmosphere Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

63 Existing Line sets / Indoor CoilsApplication Tip Existing Line sets / Indoor Coils Must be correct size Indoor coil must be an ARI approved coil Drain traps of oil or use nitrogen to flush line sets Use “Acid Test” kit to assure clean line set Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

64 Existing Line sets / Indoor CoilsApplication Tip Existing Line sets / Indoor Coils Refrigerant lines used for R-410A must be properly sized for R-410A systems It is possible to use existing refrigerant lines from an R-22 system in a R-410A system installation if they are of the correct size however, they must be cleaned of all debris and oil. The best practice is to replace the lines with new copper liquid and suction lines to ensure they are clean Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

65 Reusing Existing Line SetsApplication Tip Reusing Existing Line Sets Properly-sized, copper line sets in good condition w brazed connections can be reused with new R-410A equipment They should be cleaned to remove all traces of the old mineral oil Use Nitrogen to blow out mineral oil out of line set Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

66 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTools Recovery Units Must be rated for R-410A Oil-less design is best Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

67 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTools Recovery Cylinders Rated for 400 psi. NOT 300 psi like standard cylinders Color: Gray with yellow top DOT 4BA400 or 4BW400 Do NOT recover different refrigerants into the same cylinders! Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

68 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTools Recovery Cylinders Must be replaced or tested (w date stamp) every 5 years Do not mix refrigerants in the same recovery tank! Never fill above 80% full Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

69 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUTools Gauges & Hoses High side range to 800 psi Low side range to 250 psi. with a 550 psi retard Hoses must be rated to 800 psi Do NOT mix refrigerants in your tools Dissimilar oils will become contaminated Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

70 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCharging Procedure Service Valves Gauge Ports Vapor/Suction Line Refrigerant Tank Gauge Manifold Set Liquid Line Digital Thermometer Sensor Flow Restrictor Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

71 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCharging Procedure Airflow must be correct Refrigerant line sizing must be correct Let the system run for minutes to stabilize temperatures & pressures Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

72 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCharging Procedure Charge as a liquid Invert cylinder Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

73 Charging Procedure When Charging, Charge With LiquidUse a charging valve Such as Ritchie # (1/4”) This will flash the refrigerant to the vapor state so that it can safely be put into the suction line of the system Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

74 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCharging Procedure Charging By Weight Method Is The Most Accurate Method of Charging Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

75 Charging Procedure Charging by Sub-coolingCharging is done by sub-cooling You may already be familiar with this method if the R-22 systems you were installing had TXVs We’ll review it now: Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

76 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCharging Procedure Operate the system to stabilize temperatures & pressures minutes If the outdoor temperature is less than 65°F., restrict the air flow across the condenser until the high side pressure on your red gauge reaches 350 psig (110 SCT) If over 65°F., simply measure the liquid line pressure Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

77 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCharging Procedure Determine the saturation temperature that corresponds to that pressure. You can read this off your red gauge or use a chart for R410A Measure the liquid line temperature at the service valve on the condensing unit using a fast-acting digital thermometer clamped to the liquid line and insulated from ambient temperatures Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

78 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCharging Procedure Subtract the liquid line temperature from the saturation temperature to get the sub-cooling Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

79 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUCharging Procedure If measured liquid line temperature does not agree with the required liquid line temperature Add refrigerant to lower temperature Recover refrigerant to raise temperature If the equipment manufacturer does not state a target sub-cooling, use 10°-15°F Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

80 The Higher Pressures of R-410A Are Unsafe?Myths About R-410A The Higher Pressures of R-410A Are Unsafe? Actually, air-conditioners that use R-410A are specially designed for the higher pressures of R-410A These systems have typically been rigorously tested by their manufacturers, as well as by independent safety testing laboratories such as Underwriters Laboratories Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

81 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUMyths About R-410A The Higher Pressures of R-410A Cause Air Conditioners to Break Down More Often? Evidence shows this is not only untrue, but that R-410A air conditioners can be remarkably more reliable than air-conditioners that use R-22 The Equipment that use R-410A are designed to be heavier-duty, with a thicker compressor shell Usually this results in smaller, sturdier pieces of equipment that vibrate less, putting less strain on the piping connections that are the source of most leaks Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

82 R-410A Technology is too New and Risky?Myths About R-410A R-410A Technology is too New and Risky? Systems using R-410A have been available in the U.S. since 1995, so they're not at all new. They're just new to people who haven't heard about them! Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

83 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUMyths About R-410A The Lubricating Oil Used in R-410A Systems Absorbs Water and Makes Systems Break Down? All air conditioners and heat pumps that use R-410A have a device called a "filter drier". This important part does exactly what the name implies - it filters, cleans, and dries the refrigerant and oil as it circulates through the system This device has been an important reason why air conditioners with 410A are considered by some manufacturers to be the most reliable product they make Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

84 Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOUIn Conclusion ICP has been selling air conditioning equipment using R-410A for over 12 years. These are highly-reliable, efficient and “Green” systems. Consumers find them highly-desirable. Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

85 The Future is Now! R410A Refrigerant SeminarAiron and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

86 Are There Any Other Questions?R410A Refrigerant Seminar Are There Any Other Questions? Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU

87 Thank Your For Your Time & ParticipationR410A Refrigerant Seminar Thank Your For Your Time & Participation Airon and Heil – Going the extra mile for YOU