1 BELT DRIVE A belt is a looped strip of flexible material, used to mechanically link two or more rotating shafts. They may be used as a source of motion, to efficiently transmit power, or to track relative movement. Belts are looped over pulleys. In a two pulley system, the belt can either drive the pulleys in the same direction, or the belt may be crossed, so that the direction of the shafts is opposite.

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4 BELT MATERIALS: Leather Oak leather Chrome leather Fabric beltsRubber belts

5 Open belt drive

6 Cross belt drive.

7 Belts on a Yanmar 2GM20 marine diesel engine

8 FLAT BELT

9 VEE BELT

10 TIMING BELT

11 ROUND BELT

12 Advantages of belt driveThey are simple. They are economical. Parallel shafts are not required. Overload and jam protection are provided. Noise and vibration are damped out. Machinery life is prolonged because load fluctuations are cushioned (shock-absorbed). They are lubrication-free. They require only low maintenance. They are highly efficient (90–98%, usually 95%). Some misalignment is tolerable. They are very economical when shafts are separated by large distances.

13 Disadvantages of belt driveThe angular-velocity ratio is not necessarily constant or equal to the ratio of pulley diameters, because of belt slip and stretch. Heat buildup occurs. Speed is limited to usually 7000 feet per minute (35 meters per second). Power transmission is limited to 370 kilowatts (500 horsepower). Operating temperatures are usually restricted to –31 to 185°F (–35 to 85°C). Some adjustment of center distance or use of an idler pulley is necessary for wear and stretch compensation. A means of disassembly must be provided to install endless belts.

14 Chain drive Chain drive is a way of transmitting mechanical power from one place to another. It is often used to convey power to the wheels of a vehicle, particularly bicycles and motorcycles. It is also used in a wide variety of machines besides vehicles. Most often, the power is conveyed by a roller chain, known as the drive chain, passing over a sprocket gear, with the teeth of the gear meshing with the holes in the links of the chain. The gear is turned, and this pulls the chain putting mechanical force into the system..

15 Roller chain and sprocket

16 Terminology: Velocity ration: πd1N1 = π d2N2 Slip of the belt Tight side and slack side Length of the belt: L=2C+π/2(d1+d2)+((d2-d1)²/4C) For open belt L=2C+π/2(d1+d2)+((d2+d1)²/4C) For Cross belt

17 PROBLEM 𝐿=2×2+ 𝜋 2 0.2+0.4 + (0.2+0.4) 2 4×2 L = 4.99mProblem:1 Following are the details of a crossed belt drive. Calculate the length of the belt? Diameter of the driver : 200 mm Diameter of the follower : 400 mm Center distance of the drive : 2m Speed of the driver : 400 rpm Angle of contact : 197.3° Determine the length of the belt. Solution: d1= 200mm = 0.2m d2= 400mm =0.4m C = 2m N1= 400 rpm Length of the belt = 𝐿=2𝐶+ 𝜋 2 𝑑 1 + 𝑑 ( 𝑑 1 + 𝑑 2 ) 2 4𝐶 𝐿=2×2+ 𝜋 ( ) 2 4×2 L = 4.99m

18 Problem: 2 For the above belt drive if tension on tight side is 1Problem: 2 For the above belt drive if tension on tight side is 1.3 kN, and the coefficient of friction between belt and pulley is find out the power capacity of the drive. T1=Tension in the tight side = 1.3kN θ= Angle of contact on degrees = 197.3° =197.3× π 180 radians Diameter of the driver : 200 mm Diameter of the driven: 400 mm Speed of the driver : 400 rpm T2=Tension in the slack side . P= Power transmitted. We know that P=(T1-T2)V V is velocity of belt = πd1× 𝑁 60 m/sec and 𝑇 1 𝑇 2 = 𝑒 𝜇𝜃 𝑇 1 𝑇 2 = 𝑒 0.25× 197.3× 𝜋 =2.37 T2= 𝑇 = N

19 V is velocity of belt = πd1× 𝑁 60 m/sec =(π×0. 2)× 400 60 = 4V is velocity of belt = πd1× 𝑁 60 m/sec =(π×0.2)× = 4.2m/sec Substituting the value for V in the following equation P=(1300 – )× 4.2 = W = 2.9kW.

20 Possible Questions Short Answer Questions Long Answer QuestionsDifferentiate between open belt and crossed belt drive. What are the commonly used materials for flat belts? List out the applications of belt drives. What do you mean by slip in a belt drive? Differentiate between belt drive and chain drive. Long Answer Questions Explain with neat sketch, the types of various flat belt drives. List out the advantages and disadvantages of belt drives. Compare flat belt and V belts. Briefly explain chain drives.