1 Chapter 2 Part 1 Finding the Right BalancePsychosocial Health: Achieving Mental, Emotional, Social, and Spiritual Wellness
2 Psychosocial Dimensions Of HealthINTELLECTUAL (thinking) EMOTIONAL (feeling) SOCIAL (relationships) SPIRITUAL (being)
3 Psychosocial Health How we face life’s up and downs ChallengesDisappointments Joys frustrations Pain Complex interaction Between a person’s history and conscious & unconscious thoughts + interpretations of the past
4 Resiliency Characteristics PS HealthFeel good about themselves Feel comfortable with people Control tension & stress Meet the demands of life Curb hate & guilt Positive outlook Enrich the lives of others Cherish things that make them smile Value diversity Appreciate nature
5 Consider Your Personal Psychosocial HEALTH !
6 INTELLECTUAL HEALTH The Thinking YouThe ability to: reason / interpret / remember sense / perceive / evaluate solve problems / sort through clutter of life Positive / negative development develop healthy attitudes & beliefs - body, family, relationships, and life learn, understand, appreciate differences / contradictions
7 EMOTIONAL HEALTH Intense FEELINGS / SUBJECTIVEMinute to minute Day to day Loving Caring Hating Hurt Despair Release Joy Anxiety Fear Frustration Anger The emotional experience
8 Lazarus - Four Basic Types EMOTIONSEmotions from harm, loss or threats From benefits Borderline - hope and compassion Complex - grief, disappointment, bewilderment and curiosity
9 EMOTIONAL RESPONSES (Non Life-threatening) HEALTH vs. UNHEALTHYStable Appropriate Non-extreme Behave consistently Adopt an offensive attack mode Unhealthy: Feelings overpower Highly volatile Unpredictable emotional outbursts Frightening responses Verbal / physical violence
10 Emotions & Social InteractionsDisplay Hostility Withdrawn Mood fluctuations Grumpy Nasty Hurtful Get Help!!!!
11 SOCIAL HEALTH Interactions With Others Achievement and Maintenance of HealthSocial bonds Provide intimacy Belonging / integration Give / receive nurturance Provide reassurance of worth Assistance & guidance Providing advice Feel connected to life & live Unconditional Love?
12 Social Support Expressive Support Emotional Support / EncouragementStructural Support Housing / Money Children - Families Expressive & Structural Adults - Develop Own Social network - Friends / Family
13 Prejudice Cults & Social HealthExtreme groups / belonging + support Cults Elements / social health Negative representation Aggressive Hate Bias
14 Spiritual Health Difficult-to-describe Element That Gives Zest For LifeA unifying force that gives propose or meaning to life Nature, family, religion, community Egocentric / self orientated Clothing, car, home, possessions Western civilization denies spiritual until later in life Death, failed relationships, Midlife crisis - sense of spiritual bankruptcy What if i die tomorrow
15 Factors Influencing Psychosocial HealthExternal influences Family - adjustments Dysfunctional families Greater environment Where you live Education Access to health services easy to define difficult to assess Psychosocially well Virtually all the time Some of the time Almost never
16 External Influences Family Situations OR!healthy / supportive /nurturing / happiness OR! violence / sexual, physical, emotional abuse / distrust / anger / dietary deprivation Dysfunctional families Greater Environment Where you live / safety / stressors / threats Education / Lifestyle Access to health services
17 Internal Influences Formative years Hereditary traitsHormonal functioning Physical health status Formative years school, sports, self perception, job, relationships Personal worth Self Esteem
18 SELF PERCEPTION Believing in YourselfBelief in your ability to perform a task successfully Internal resources allow you to control a situation Past failures influence what you do now - ‘I give up’ / ‘why bother’ Self - efficacy Personal control Learned helplessness
19 Personality & Freud Id Unconscious desire for immediate gratificationwants and needs- disregards laws / society / others Personality forces that restrain the Id - Satisfy the Id in socially acceptable ways Personality forces that act as our conscious Id Ego Superego
20 Psychology… Behavioral psychology Developmental psychologyB.F. Skinner - all behavior learned by reward and punishment Right Vs. Wrong Personality +development of emotional health successful completion of tasks at various ages Emotional well being based on hierarchy of needs Behavioral psychology Developmental psychology Humanistic psychology
21 Life Span and Maturity Personality impossible to define DynamicTemperaments change as we grow Early development or lack can influence our lives Self-esteem - sense of self, respect & confidence
22 Developing and Maintaining Self-EsteemLearn To See Yourself Perception from others Internalized / realized/ demonstrated Strength training for self-esteem Find A support group peers who: share values, goals, positive, honest Help you develop as a person
23 Self-Esteem.., continuedForming realistic expectations life is not all Or nothing Taking and making time for yourself Maintaining physical health Examining problems and seeking help (if required)
24 Getting Adequate Amounts of Restfix worries or grief alcohol or smoking avoid heavy meals reduce caffeine avoid daytime naps spend an hour resting before trying to sleep don’t worry about sleep clocks / out of direct sight sleep at regular schedules
25 When Thing Go Wrong Depression……………….Facts & Fallacies Real Depression not a natural reaction to crisis and loss People will not ‘snap out’ of depression with a little will power - leading cause of suicide Frequent crying not related to depression Depression is not “all in the mind” Genetic predisposition many causes many treatments Endogenous - biochemical disorder (neurotransmitter) Exogenous - external cause Symptoms Similar: sadness joyless loss of interest - work / school fatigue hopelessness / worthlessness sleeplessness
26 Depression…… continuedFacts & Fallacies Real Depression not a natural reaction to crisis and loss People will not ‘snap out’ of depression with a little will power - leading cause of suicide Frequent crying not related to depression Depression is not “all in the mind” Genetic predisposition many causes many treatments
27 Treating Depression Psychotherapeutic Pharmacologicalrelieve symptoms - sleep & appetite Antidepressant drugs - 80% Electroconvulsive therapy shock treatment every 5 seconds for 15 to 20 minutes Psychotherapeutic social & interpersonal cognitive - view life rationally / less pessimistic 6 to 8 months & interpersonal therapy - correct chronic human relationship problems
28 Other Disorders………... Obsessive compulsive disorder- a disorder characterized by obsessive thoughts or habitual behavior that can not be controlled cleanliness - washing hand 20 times before eating pulling out hair self mutilation causes are unclear avoiding deeper problems lack of neurotransmitter serotonin ( emotion + motivation)
29 Anxiety Disorders Take a LOOK INSIDE!Disorders characterized by persistent feeling of anxiety in coping with everyday problems of living…….., fatigue, back pains, headaches, unreality, weakness in legs, and losing control. Take a LOOK INSIDE!
30 Phobias and others Phobias: A deep and persistent fear of a specific object, activity, situation spiders, flying, heights, public speaking, eating in public places Panic Attacks: Disabling Terror breathing, heart rate, sweating, shaking, choking, trembling Heart Attack Biochemical imbalance
31 Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) Light Therapy - Mimics SunlightA Type of Depression “the winter blues” reduced sunlight irritability, apathy, CHO craving, weight gain, more sleep & sadness. Hypothalamus function external stimuli response regulator women 4X more than men ages 20 to 40 Canadians at high risk Latitude matters………………
32 Suicide: Giving Up On Life A Cry for Help, Gone Wrong3,500 each year University Students poor coping skills lack of social support low self-esteem perspective of negative situation women attempt 4X the rate of men men are 3X more successful
33 Suicide……….. Continued... depression…... Risk Factors family historyprevious attempts drug / alcohol depression…... financial loss of loved one death or rejection
34 Warning Signals of SuicideI can’t take it anymore I might as well end it soon the pain will be over giving away prized possessions loss of interest personality change risk taking personal appearance drug / alcohol use
35 Suicide……. Continued! monitor warning signals take threats seriouslytell them you care & are there for them listen ask directly don’t challenge the attempt alternatives get help / remove pills / guns etc…….. tell family members
36 When do I need help???? I think I need it mood swingsproblems effect daily life withdrawn hallucinations life - worth living? Inadequate / worthless emotional response & situation don’t match crises Can’t get act together suicidal drugs/alcohol use
37 Seeking Professional Help!Psychiatrist: Licensed Physician specialists mental / emotional disorders Psychoanalyst: reveals past traumas blocking personal growth Clinical /Psychiatric Social worker: Mater’s Degree, work in clinical settings/ sometimes insured by employee assistance programs Counsellor: Wide variety of services, academic - family, relationship, self-esteem, behaviours…… Anyone can have the title of Counsellor- so check them out!