1 Chapter 34 Human ReproductionReaves 16-17
2 Reproductive Anatomy
3 34.1 Reproductive Anatomy You will need: 34.1 power notesColor pencils Text book
4 34.1 Reproductive Anatomy Reproduction SystemReproductive system: collection of specialized organs, glands and hormones that help to produce a new human being. Puberty: hypothalamus and pituitary gland release hormones that begin the process of developing your sexual characteristics and reproductive system
5 34.1 Reproductive Anatomy Female Reproduction SystemThere are two main functions of the female reproductive system. produce ova, or egg cells provide a place where a zygote develops uterus cervix rectum vagina urethra urinary bladder pubic bone ovary fallopian tube
7 34.1 Reproductive Anatomy Female Reproduction SystemIn the ovaries: Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate the release of estrogen Estrogen – steroid hormone - has three main functions: develop female sexual characteristics widening of the pelvis increasing fat deposits and bone mass enlarging breasts develop eggs prepare uterus for pregnancy every month and maintain a pregnancy when it occurs
11 34.1 Reproductive Anatomy Male Reproduction SystemMales do not produce sperm cells until puberty- but then can produce them their entire lives Sperm production occurs in the testicles (testes) Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates release of testosterone Testosterone has two main functions. developing male sexual characteristics (deeper voice, more body hair, greater bone density, increased muscle mass) producing sperm
12 Testes are enclosed in a pouch called the scrotum34.1 Reproductive Anatomy Male Reproduction System Testes are enclosed in a pouch called the scrotum Hangs below the pelvis on the outside of body Keeps testes 2-3 degrees cooler than the core body temp. Allows sperm to develop Immature sperm leave testes through epididymis (long, coiled tube)- place where sperm mature and stay until expelled or reabsorbed.
13 During sexual stimulation- 34.1 Reproductive Anatomy Male Reproduction System During sexual stimulation- Sperm travel into another long duct= vas deferens Other sex glands secrete fluids into the vas deferens to nourish and protect the sperm Prostate gland (surround urethra) produces a fluid that helps sperm move more easily Bulbourethral gland & seminal vesicle- secrete basic fluids to help neutralize the acidity in urethra and in female’s vagina Semen= fluid from these 3 glands together with sperm
14 Human reproductive processes depend on cycles of hormones.
15 Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing 34.2 Reproductive Process Eggs Mature and are Released Production of Eggs Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH) regulate egg production. meiosis produces eggs and polar bodies each egg has 23 chromosomes meiosis is completed at fertilization
18 The menstrual cycle stops at menopause.34.2 Reproductive Process Eggs Mature and are Released The menstrual cycle stops at menopause. cycle continues until a woman’s mid-40’s or 50’s decline in hormone levels make cycles irregular eventually, cycle stops altogether
21 Multiple zygotes can result from fertilization.identical twins from the same egg fraternal twins from two separate eggs Infertility makes reproduction difficult or impossible.