1 Chapter 4 Empire in Transition Empire in Transition Chapter 4
2 SALUTARY NEGLECT
3 George I
4 Robert Walpole
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6 Navigation Acts: Laws that control trade and restrict manufacturing in the Colonies
7 Most government officials in England had never been to AmericaHow do you make informed decisions?
8 Colonial Agents Men who represent a colony and try to influence MPs
9 The colonial agent for New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Georgia:
10 Royal officers in America:Some good Some get job thru bribes or family connections Substitutes hired to go in place of appointee
11 By 1750 Colonial Assemblies see themselves as mini-ParliamentsClaim power to tax and pass laws
12 Power of the Purse
13 Albany Plan: Parliament sets up a government to oversee the colonies and handle common issues such as Indian relations Colonies keep internal power
14 Who’s idea? Ben Franklin
15 The French in North America
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17 Iroquois Mohawk Seneca Cayuga Onondaga Oneida
18 European Wars: King William’s War Queen Anne’s War King George’s War
19 FORT DUQUESNE
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21 Governor Robert Dinwiddie
22 Col. George Washington
23 Fort Necessity
24 Start of: French & Indian War Which turns into Seven Years War
25 British & Americans have to fight together, but can’t get alongBritish think colonist are, “lowest dregs of humanity” Colonist think British officers are too aristocratic and refuse to drill like British Regulars
26 Colonist do not fight in classic European styleBritish call it irregular war or American way of war
27 3 Phases of the war Local war in Ohio Valley War goes to Europe England wins
28 Phase 1- Local War England sends new general to defeat French Edward Braddock
29 Edward Braddock
30 French Indian War
31 Phase 2 War spreads to Europe, England suffers several defeats Select a new head of government
32 William Pitt
33 Phase 3-England Kicks ButtFort Duquesne falls Quebec – Wolfe Montreal
34 Wolfe at Quebec Wolfe at Quebec
35 Peace of Paris 1763 France off of North America Just some Caribbean islands
36 Results of French and Indian War
37 *England’s War Debt *England feels Colonist did little to help *Outside threat gone
38 *New lands open up *France wants REVENGE !!!
39 Problems for England Debt - £140 million Indian uprising – Pontiac’s Rebellion British spending £7000 to collect £2000
40 George Grenville
41 *Standing Army *Enforce Nav. Acts *Regulate Expansion *New Revenue
42 Proclamation Line of 1763
43 George III
44 Sugar Act Reduced tax from 6 pence to 3 But, enforced it !
45 Less than Englishmen Rights imply equality
46 Virtual Representation
47 Currency Act of 1764 Colonial Assemblies must recall any paper money issued
48 Colonies hurt by lack of unity*between colonies *within colonies
49 Conflict between established areas and frontierFrontier feels underrepresented, over taxed and unprotected
50 1763 Paxton Boys - Penn. march on Phily 1771 Regulator Movement-NC fight with colonial militia
51 New policies have something for everyone to hateMerchants Settlers Planters City workers New taxes, enforcement Proclamation of 1763 Tariffs raise prices No manufacturing
52 Writs of Assistance A general warrant that allows the holder to search anywhere Valid as long as the king is alive Colonists will agrue these are a violation of their rights
53 James Otis Argues Writ of Assistance case Later goes a little mad Dies after being struck by lightning while standing in a friend’s doorway
54 STAMP ACT 1765
55 While Sugar Act affected only some colonist, mostly New England, Stamp Act falls on all Americans
56 Stamp Act effects there influential groups :Printers Lawyers Tavern owners
57 Virginia Stamp Act ResolvesPatrick Henry Have rights of English men Can only be taxed by House of B.
58 Massachusetts - James OtisGets assembly to issue call for inter-colonial meeting about the Stamp Act
59 STAMP ACT CONGRESS
60 9 of 13 colonies show up Decide on boycott of british goods Sons of Liberty to enfoce decision
61 1766 Stamp Act Out Declaratory Act In
62 Parliament has authority over the colonies “in all cases whatsoever”
63 Charles Townshend
64 Quartering Act 1765 Colonies must provide quarters and supplies for troops in America New York refuses
65 Townshend Act Paper Paint Glass Lead Tea
66 American Board of Custom Commissioners
67 Massachusetts Circular LetterSam Adams
68 Non-importation Imports cut by >50% NY £482,000 to £74,000
69 Letters From a Farmer John Dickinson
70 Parliament has the right to regulate trade.Does not have the right to raise revenue “we are all but parts of a whole”
71 Boston Massacre
72
73 Committee of Correspondence
74 John Locke Social Contract
75 Gaspee
76 Tea Act 1773
77 Boston Tea Party
78 Who is this man?
79 Coercive/Intolerable Acts
80 Boston Port Act Massachusetts Gov. Act Admin. Of Justice ActQuartering Act Quebec Act +
81 1st Continental CongressSeptember 1774 Philadelphia 12 colonies
82 Reject Galloway’s plan of colonial unionNonimportation Statement of grievances Agree to Suffolk Resolves Meet again next spring
83 General Thomas Gage Has plan to defuse the tension in the Boston area
84 Lexington Commons
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86 Buckman Tavern
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