1 dfork ]dgkuh ]miU;kl vkfn dks i

2 jl :i essa iq”V ;k ifj.kr gksus okyk rFkk laiw.kZ izlax esa O;kIr jgus okyk Hkko LFkk;h Hkko dgykrk gSA LFkk;h Hkko ukS ekus x;s gSa & jfr] gkl] ’kksd] Øks/k] mRlkg] Hk;] tqxqIlk] foLe; vkSj fuosZnA HkfDr,oa okRlY; uke dk LFkk;h Hkko Hkh Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gSA jfr& L=h iq#”k ds ijLij izse Hkko dks jfr dgrs gSaA gkl& fdlh ds vaxksa os’kHkw”kk] ok.kh vkfn ds fodkjksa ds Kku ls mRiUu izQqYyrk dks gkl dgrs gSA ‘kksd& b”V ds uk’k vFkok vfu”Vkxe ds dkj.k eu esa mRiUu O;kdqyrk ‘kksd gSA Øks/k& viuk dke fcxkM+us okys vijk/kh dks naM nsus ds fy, mRRsftr djus okyh eukso`fRr Øks/k dgykrh gSA mRlkg& nku]n;k vkSj ohjrk vkfn ds izlax ls mRrjksRrj mUur gksus okyh eukso`fRRk dks mRlkg dgrs gSaA Hk;&izcy vfu”V djus esa leFkZ fo”k;ksa dks ns[kdj eu esa tks O;kdqyrk gksrh gS] mls Hk; dgrs gSaA tqxqIlk& ?k`.kk mRiUu djus okyh oLrqvksa dks ns[kdj muls laca/k u j[kus ds fy, ok/; djus okyh eukso`fRr dks tqxqIlk dgrs gSaA foLe;& fdlh vlk/kkj.k vFkok vykSfdd oLrq dks ns[kdj tks vk’p;Z gksrk gS] mls foLe; dgrs gSaA fuosZn& lalkj ds izfr R;kx Hkko dks fuosZn dgrs gSaA okRlY;& iq=kfn ds izfr lgt Lusg Hkko dks okRlY; gSA HkfDr& bZ’oj laca/kh izse Hkko dks HkfDr dgrs gSaA

3 tks O;fDr ]oLrq] ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vkfn LFkk;h Hkkoksa dks tkxfjr ;k mn~nhIr djrh gSa] mUgsa foHkko dgrs gSaA foHkko nks izdkj ds gksrs gSaA 1- vkyacu 2- mn~nhiu vkyacu foHkko& LFkk;h Hkko ftu O;fDr;ksa] oLrqvksa vkfn dk voyac ysdj vius dks izdV djrs gSa mUgsa vkyacu foHkko dgrs gSaA blds nks Hksn gSa& vkJ; vkSj fo”k;A vkJ;& ftl O;fDr ds eu esa jfr vkfn LFkk;h Hkko mRiUu gksrs gSa] mls vkJ; dgrs gSaA fo”k;& ftl O;fDr ;k oLrq ds dkj.k vkJ; ds fpRr esa jfr vkfn LFkk;h Hkko mRiUu gksrs gSa] mls fo”k; dgrs gSaA mn~nhiu foHkko& Hkko dks mn~nhIr vFkok rhoz djus okyh oLrq,¡] ps”Vk,¡ vkfn dks mn~nhiu foHkko dgrs gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ lqanj] iqf”ir vkSj,dkar m|ku esa ‘kdqaryk dks ns[kdj nq”;ar ds g`n; esa jfr Hkko tkxfjr gksrk gSA ;gk¡ ‘kdaqryk vkyacu foHkko gS vkSj iqf”ir rFkk,dkar m|ku mn~nhiu foHkkoA nq”;ar vkJ; gSA izk;% uk;d,oa ukf;dk vkyacu foHkko gksrs gSaA J`axkj ds mnnhiu foHkko izk;%olar dky] m|ku] ‘khry ean lqxaf/kr iou ] Hkzej xaqtu bR;kfn gksrs gSaA

4 vkJ; ds fpRRk esa gksus okys vfLFkj euksfodkjksa dks lapkjh Hkko dgrs gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ] J`axkj jl ds izdj.k esa ‘kdqaryk ls izhfrc) nq”;ar ds fpRr esa mYykl ] piyrk]O;kdqyrk]vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaAbUgsa O;fHkpkjh Hkko Hkh dgrs gSaA budh la[;k 33 ekuh xbZ gSA fuosZx] vkosx] nSU;] Je] en] tM+rk] mxzrk] eksg] focks/k] LoIu] viLekj] xoZ] ej.k] vkyL;] ve”kZ] funzk] vofgRFkk] mRlqdrk] mUekn] ’kadk] Le`fr] efr] O;kf/k] la=kl] yTtk] g”kZ] vlw;k] fo”kkn] /k`fr] piyrk] Xykfu] fpark vkSj fordZA LFkk;hHkko mRiUu gksdj u”V ugha gksrs vkSj lapkjh Hkko ikuh ds cqycqyksa dh Hkk¡fr curs feVrs jgrs gSaA

5 vkJ;xr vkyacu dh mu ps”Vkvksa dks tks mls LFkk;h Hkko dk vuqHko djkrh gS] vuqHkko dgrs gSaA Hkko dkj.k vkSj vuqHkko dk;Z gSaA vuqHkko pkj izdkj ds ekus x, gSa & dkf;d]ekufld] vkgk;Z vkSj lkfRRodA dkf;d vuqHkko& vk¡[k] HkkSag]gkFk vkfn ‘kjhj ds vaxksa }kjk tks ps”Vk,¡ dh tkrh gSaA ekufld vkgk;Z& ekufld ps”Vkvksa dks ekufld vuqHkko dgrs gSaA vkgk;Z& os’kHkw”kk ls tks Hkko iznf’kZr fd, tkrs gSaA lkfRRod vuqHkko& ‘kjhj ds lgt vax fodkjA

6 izR;sd jl dk LFkk;h Hkko fu;r gS] tcfd,d gh lapkjh Hkko vusd jlksa ds lkFk jg ldrk gSA bUgha foHkko vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkkoksa ds la;ksx ls LFkk;h Hkko jl n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA jl LFkk;h Hkko 1-J`axkjjfr 2-gkL;gkl 3-d#.k‘kksd 4-jkSnzØks/k 5-ohjmRlkg 6-Hk;kudHk; 7-ohHkRltqxqIlk 8-vn~HkqrfoLe; 9-‘kkarfuosZn 10- oRly okRlY;

7 lg`n; ds fpRr esa jfr uked LFkk;h Hkko dk tc foHkko] vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ls la;ksx gksrk gS rks og J`axkj jl dk #i /kkj.k dj ysrk gSA blds nks Hksn gksrs gSa& la;ksx vkSj fo;ksxA bUgsa Øe’k% laHkksx,oa foizyaHk Hkh dgrs gSaA la;ksx J`axkj & uk;d vkSj ukf;dk ds feyu dk o.kZu la;ksx J`axkj dgykrk gSAmnkgj.k& dkSu gks rqe olar ds nwr fojl ir>M+ esa vfr lqdqekj] ?ku frfej esa piyk dh js[k riu esa ‘khry ean c;kjA &izlkn% dkek;uhA bl izdj.k eas jfr LFkk;h Hkko gSA vkyacu foHkko gS& J)k¼fo”k;½ vkSj euq ¼vkJ;½A mn~nhiu foHkko gSa&,dkUr izns’k ]J)k dh deuh;rk] dksfdy daB]jE; ifj/kkuA lapkjh Hkko gSa& vkJ; euq ds g”kZ] piyrk]vk’kk]mRlqdrk vkfnA bl izdkj foHkkokfn ls iq”V jfr LFkk;h Hkko J`axkj jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA

8 fo;ksx J`axkj ftl jpuk esa uk;d ukf;dk ds feyu dk vHkko jgrk gS vkSk fojg dk o.kZu gksrk gS] ogk¡ fo;ksx J`axkj gksrk gSA mnkgj.k& esjs I;kjs uo tyn ls dat ls us=okysA tkds vk, u e/kqou ls vkSj u Hkstk lans’kkA eSa jks jks ds fiz; fojg ls ckoyh gks jgh gw¡A tks ds esjh lc nq[k dFkk ‘;ke dks rw lquk nsA & gfjvkS/k% fiz;izoklA bl Nan esa fojfg.kh jk/kk dh fojg n’kk dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA jfr LFkk;h Hkko gSA jk/kk vkJ; vkSj Jhd`”.k vkyacu gSaA ‘khry]ean]iou vkSj,dkar mn~nhiu foHkko gSA Le`fr]#nu]piyrk]vkosx]mUekn]vkfn lapkfj;ksa ls iq”V Jhd`”.k ls feyus ds vHkko esa ;gk¡ fo;ksx J`axkj jl dk ifjikd gqvk gSA

9 vius vFkok ijk, ifj/kku]opu]vFkok]fØ;k dyki vkfn ls mRiUu gqvk gkl uked LFkk;h Hkko] foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls gkL; jl dk #i xzg.k djrk gSA mnkgj.k& dkgqa u y[k lks pfjr fcls”kkA lks l:i u`i dU;k ns[kkAA edZV cnu Hk;adj nsghA ns[kr g`n; Øks/k Hkk rsghAA tsfg fnfl cSfB ukjn QwyhA lks fnfl rsfg u fcyksdh HkwyhAA iqfu iqfu eqfu mdlfg vdqykghaA nsf[k nlk gj xu eqldkghaAA ‘kksd LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls d#.k jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA mnkgj.k& tFkk ia[k fcuq [kx vfr nhukAefu fcuq Qfu dfjcj dj ghukA vlee ftou ca/kq fcuq rksghA tkS tM+ nSo ft;kob eksghAA &rqylh% jkepfjrekulA ;gk¡ y{e.k dh ewPNkZ ij jke dk foyki izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA ‘kksd LFkk;h Hkko gSA y{e.k vkyacu vkSj jke vkJ; gSaA jke ds mn~xkj vuqHkko gSAguqeku dk foyac mn~nhiu,oa nSU;]fpark]O;kdqyrk]Le`fr vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq”V ‘kksd LFkk;h d#.k jl n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "ImageObject", "contentUrl": "http://images.slideplayer.es/33/7434157/slides/slide_9.jpg", "name": "vius vFkok ijk, ifj/kku]opu]vFkok]fØ;k dyki vkfn ls mRiUu gqvk gkl uked LFkk;h Hkko] foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls gkL; jl dk #i xzg.k djrk gSA mnkgj.k& dkgqa u y[k lks pfjr fcls kkA lks l:i u`i dU;k ns[kkAA edZV cnu Hk;adj nsghA ns[kr g`n; Øks/k Hkk rsghAA tsfg fnfl cSfB ukjn QwyhA lks fnfl rsfg u fcyksdh HkwyhAA iqfu iqfu eqfu mdlfg vdqykghaA nsf[k nlk gj xu eqldkghaAA ‘kksd LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls d#.k jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA mnkgj.k& tFkk ia[k fcuq [kx vfr nhukAefu fcuq Qfu dfjcj dj ghukA vlee ftou ca/kq fcuq rksghA tkS tM+ nSo ft;kob eksghAA &rqylh% jkepfjrekulA ;gk¡ y{e.k dh ewPNkZ ij jke dk foyki izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA ‘kksd LFkk;h Hkko gSA y{e.k vkyacu vkSj jke vkJ; gSaA jke ds mn~xkj vuqHkko gSAguqeku dk foyac mn~nhiu,oa nSU;]fpark]O;kdqyrk]Le`fr vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq V ‘kksd LFkk;h d#.k jl n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA", "description": "vius vFkok ijk, ifj/kku]opu]vFkok]fØ;k dyki vkfn ls mRiUu gqvk gkl uked LFkk;h Hkko] foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls gkL; jl dk #i xzg.k djrk gSA mnkgj.k& dkgqa u y[k lks pfjr fcls kkA lks l:i u`i dU;k ns[kkAA edZV cnu Hk;adj nsghA ns[kr g`n; Øks/k Hkk rsghAA tsfg fnfl cSfB ukjn QwyhA lks fnfl rsfg u fcyksdh HkwyhAA iqfu iqfu eqfu mdlfg vdqykghaA nsf[k nlk gj xu eqldkghaAA ‘kksd LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls d#.k jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA mnkgj.k& tFkk ia[k fcuq [kx vfr nhukAefu fcuq Qfu dfjcj dj ghukA vlee ftou ca/kq fcuq rksghA tkS tM+ nSo ft;kob eksghAA &rqylh% jkepfjrekulA ;gk¡ y{e.k dh ewPNkZ ij jke dk foyki izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA ‘kksd LFkk;h Hkko gSA y{e.k vkyacu vkSj jke vkJ; gSaA jke ds mn~xkj vuqHkko gSAguqeku dk foyac mn~nhiu,oa nSU;]fpark]O;kdqyrk]Le`fr vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq V ‘kksd LFkk;h d#.k jl n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA", "width": "800" } 10 jl Øks/k uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls jkSnz jl dk #i /kkj.k dj ysrk gSA mnkgj.k& ToyYyykV ij vnE;] rst orZeku Fkk izpaM eku Hkax tU;]Øks/k o/kZeku Fkk Toyar iqPN ckgq O;kse esa mNkyrs gq, vjkfr ij vlº; vfXu n`f”V Mkyrs gq, mBs fd fnx fnxUr esa vo.;Z T;ksfr Nk xbZA dih’k ds ‘kjhj esa izHkk Lo;a lek xbZAA &’;keukjk;.k ikaMs; % t; guqekuA bl in esa yadk esa guqekuth dh iw¡N tyk, tkus ij mudh izfrfØ;k dk o.kZu gSA ;gk¡ Øks/k LFkk;h Hkko gSA guqeku vkJ; gSaA ‘k=q vkyacu gSA jk{klksa dk lkeus iM+uk mn~nhiu] iw¡N dks vkdk’k esa mNkyuk]vfXu n`f”V Mkyuk]ru dk rst vkfn vuqHkko gSA vkos’k] piyrk]mxzrk vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq”V Øks/k LFkk;h Hkko us jkSnz jl dk :i xzg.k fd;k gSA { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "ImageObject", "contentUrl": "http://images.slideplayer.es/33/7434157/slides/slide_10.jpg", "name": "jl Øks/k uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls jkSnz jl dk #i /kkj.k dj ysrk gSA mnkgj.k& ToyYyykV ij vnE;] rst orZeku Fkk izpaM eku Hkax tU;]Øks/k o/kZeku Fkk Toyar iqPN ckgq O;kse esa mNkyrs gq, vjkfr ij vlº; vfXu n`f V Mkyrs gq, mBs fd fnx fnxUr esa vo.;Z T;ksfr Nk xbZA dih’k ds ‘kjhj esa izHkk Lo;a lek xbZAA &’;keukjk;.k ikaMs; % t; guqekuA bl in esa yadk esa guqekuth dh iw¡N tyk, tkus ij mudh izfrfØ;k dk o.kZu gSA ;gk¡ Øks/k LFkk;h Hkko gSA guqeku vkJ; gSaA ‘k=q vkyacu gSA jk{klksa dk lkeus iM+uk mn~nhiu] iw¡N dks vkdk’k esa mNkyuk]vfXu n`f V Mkyuk]ru dk rst vkfn vuqHkko gSA vkos’k] piyrk]mxzrk vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq V Øks/k LFkk;h Hkko us jkSnz jl dk :i xzg.k fd;k gSA", "description": "jl Øks/k uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls jkSnz jl dk #i /kkj.k dj ysrk gSA mnkgj.k& ToyYyykV ij vnE;] rst orZeku Fkk izpaM eku Hkax tU;]Øks/k o/kZeku Fkk Toyar iqPN ckgq O;kse esa mNkyrs gq, vjkfr ij vlº; vfXu n`f V Mkyrs gq, mBs fd fnx fnxUr esa vo.;Z T;ksfr Nk xbZA dih’k ds ‘kjhj esa izHkk Lo;a lek xbZAA &’;keukjk;.k ikaMs; % t; guqekuA bl in esa yadk esa guqekuth dh iw¡N tyk, tkus ij mudh izfrfØ;k dk o.kZu gSA ;gk¡ Øks/k LFkk;h Hkko gSA guqeku vkJ; gSaA ‘k=q vkyacu gSA jk{klksa dk lkeus iM+uk mn~nhiu] iw¡N dks vkdk’k esa mNkyuk]vfXu n`f V Mkyuk]ru dk rst vkfn vuqHkko gSA vkos’k] piyrk]mxzrk vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq V Øks/k LFkk;h Hkko us jkSnz jl dk :i xzg.k fd;k gSA", "width": "800" } 11 mRlkg uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls ohj jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA mnkgj.k& vk,s gksaxs ;fn Hkjr dqefr o’k ou esa] rks eSaus ;g ladYo fd;k gS eu esa& mudks bl ‘kj dk y{k pquw¡xk {k.k esa] izfr”ks/k vkid Hkh u lwuw¡xk j.k esaA bl in esa mRlkg LFkk;h Hkko gSA y{e.k vkJ; vkSj Hkjr vkyacu gSaA muds ou esa vkxeu dk lekpkj mn~nhiu gSA y{e.k ds opu vuqHkko gSA mRlqdrk] mxzrk] piyrk vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA buls iq”V mRlkg LFkk;h ohj n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "ImageObject", "contentUrl": "http://images.slideplayer.es/33/7434157/slides/slide_11.jpg", "name": "mRlkg uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls ohj jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA mnkgj.k& vk,s gksaxs ;fn Hkjr dqefr o’k ou esa] rks eSaus ;g ladYo fd;k gS eu esa& mudks bl ‘kj dk y{k pquw¡xk {k.k esa] izfr ks/k vkid Hkh u lwuw¡xk j.k esaA bl in esa mRlkg LFkk;h Hkko gSA y{e.k vkJ; vkSj Hkjr vkyacu gSaA muds ou esa vkxeu dk lekpkj mn~nhiu gSA y{e.k ds opu vuqHkko gSA mRlqdrk] mxzrk] piyrk vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA buls iq V mRlkg LFkk;h ohj n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA", "description": "mRlkg uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls ohj jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA mnkgj.k& vk,s gksaxs ;fn Hkjr dqefr o’k ou esa] rks eSaus ;g ladYo fd;k gS eu esa& mudks bl ‘kj dk y{k pquw¡xk {k.k esa] izfr ks/k vkid Hkh u lwuw¡xk j.k esaA bl in esa mRlkg LFkk;h Hkko gSA y{e.k vkJ; vkSj Hkjr vkyacu gSaA muds ou esa vkxeu dk lekpkj mn~nhiu gSA y{e.k ds opu vuqHkko gSA mRlqdrk] mxzrk] piyrk vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA buls iq V mRlkg LFkk;h ohj n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA", "width": "800" } 12 Hk; uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls Hk;kud jl dk :i xzg.k djrk gSA mnkgj.k& yadk dh lsuk rks dfi ds xtZu jo ls dk¡i xbZA guweku ds Hkh”k.k n’kZu ls fouk’k gh Hkk¡i xbZA ml dafir ‘kafdr lsuk ij dfi ukgj dh ekj iM+hA =kfg =kfg f’ko =kfg =kfg f’ko dh lc vksj iqdkj iM+hAA &’;keukjk;.k ik.Ms;% t; guqekuA ;gk¡ Hk; LFkk;h Hkko gSA yadk dh lsuk vkJ;,oa guqeku vkyacu gSaAxtZu jo vkSj Hkh”k.k n’kZu mn~nhiu gSaA dk¡iuk]=kfg =kfg iqdkjuk vkfn vuqHkko gSaA ‘kadk]fpark] la=kl vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA buls iq”V LFkk;h Hkko Hk;kud jl dks izkIr gqvk gSA { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "ImageObject", "contentUrl": "http://images.slideplayer.es/33/7434157/slides/slide_12.jpg", "name": "Hk; uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls Hk;kud jl dk :i xzg.k djrk gSA mnkgj.k& yadk dh lsuk rks dfi ds xtZu jo ls dk¡i xbZA guweku ds Hkh k.k n’kZu ls fouk’k gh Hkk¡i xbZA ml dafir ‘kafdr lsuk ij dfi ukgj dh ekj iM+hA =kfg =kfg f’ko =kfg =kfg f’ko dh lc vksj iqdkj iM+hAA &’;keukjk;.k ik.Ms;% t; guqekuA ;gk¡ Hk; LFkk;h Hkko gSA yadk dh lsuk vkJ;,oa guqeku vkyacu gSaAxtZu jo vkSj Hkh k.k n’kZu mn~nhiu gSaA dk¡iuk]=kfg =kfg iqdkjuk vkfn vuqHkko gSaA ‘kadk]fpark] la=kl vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA buls iq V LFkk;h Hkko Hk;kud jl dks izkIr gqvk gSA", "description": "Hk; uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls Hk;kud jl dk :i xzg.k djrk gSA mnkgj.k& yadk dh lsuk rks dfi ds xtZu jo ls dk¡i xbZA guweku ds Hkh k.k n’kZu ls fouk’k gh Hkk¡i xbZA ml dafir ‘kafdr lsuk ij dfi ukgj dh ekj iM+hA =kfg =kfg f’ko =kfg =kfg f’ko dh lc vksj iqdkj iM+hAA &’;keukjk;.k ik.Ms;% t; guqekuA ;gk¡ Hk; LFkk;h Hkko gSA yadk dh lsuk vkJ;,oa guqeku vkyacu gSaAxtZu jo vkSj Hkh k.k n’kZu mn~nhiu gSaA dk¡iuk]=kfg =kfg iqdkjuk vkfn vuqHkko gSaA ‘kadk]fpark] la=kl vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA buls iq V LFkk;h Hkko Hk;kud jl dks izkIr gqvk gSA", "width": "800" } 13 tqxqIlk ¼?k`.kk½ LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls ohHkRl jl dk #i /kkj.k dj ysrk gSA mnkgj.k& dksm v¡rfM+fu dh ifgfj eky brjkr fn[kkorA dksm pjch yS pksi lfgr fut vaxfu ykorAA dksm eqaMfu yS ekfu eksn danqd ykSa MkjrA dksm #aMfu iS cSfB djstkS Qkfj fudkjrAA &jRukdj% gfj’panzA mi;qZDr in esa tqxqIlk LFkk;h Hkko gSA ‘e’ku dk n`’; vkyacu gSA v¡rM+h dh ekyk igu dj brjkuk] pksi lfgr ‘kjhj ij pchZ iksruk]gkFk esa eqaMksa dks ysdj xasn dh rjg mNkyuk vkfn mn~nhiu foHkko gSaA nSU; ]XYkkfu ] fuosZn vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq”V tqxqIlk LFkk;h Hkko ohHkRl jl n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "ImageObject", "contentUrl": "http://images.slideplayer.es/33/7434157/slides/slide_13.jpg", "name": "tqxqIlk ¼ k`.kk½ LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls ohHkRl jl dk #i /kkj.k dj ysrk gSA mnkgj.k& dksm v¡rfM+fu dh ifgfj eky brjkr fn[kkorA dksm pjch yS pksi lfgr fut vaxfu ykorAA dksm eqaMfu yS ekfu eksn danqd ykSa MkjrA dksm #aMfu iS cSfB djstkS Qkfj fudkjrAA &jRukdj% gfj’panzA mi;qZDr in esa tqxqIlk LFkk;h Hkko gSA ‘e’ku dk n`’; vkyacu gSA v¡rM+h dh ekyk igu dj brjkuk] pksi lfgr ‘kjhj ij pchZ iksruk]gkFk esa eqaMksa dks ysdj xasn dh rjg mNkyuk vkfn mn~nhiu foHkko gSaA nSU; ]XYkkfu ] fuosZn vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq V tqxqIlk LFkk;h Hkko ohHkRl jl n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA", "description": "tqxqIlk ¼ k`.kk½ LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls ohHkRl jl dk #i /kkj.k dj ysrk gSA mnkgj.k& dksm v¡rfM+fu dh ifgfj eky brjkr fn[kkorA dksm pjch yS pksi lfgr fut vaxfu ykorAA dksm eqaMfu yS ekfu eksn danqd ykSa MkjrA dksm #aMfu iS cSfB djstkS Qkfj fudkjrAA &jRukdj% gfj’panzA mi;qZDr in esa tqxqIlk LFkk;h Hkko gSA ‘e’ku dk n`’; vkyacu gSA v¡rM+h dh ekyk igu dj brjkuk] pksi lfgr ‘kjhj ij pchZ iksruk]gkFk esa eqaMksa dks ysdj xasn dh rjg mNkyuk vkfn mn~nhiu foHkko gSaA nSU; ]XYkkfu ] fuosZn vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA bu lcls iq V tqxqIlk LFkk;h Hkko ohHkRl jl n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA", "width": "800" } 14 foLe; uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls vn~Hkqr jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA fofo/k izdj.kksa esa yksdksRrjrk ns[kdj tks vk’p;Z gksrk gS] mls foLe; dgrs gSaA mnkgj.k& bgk¡ mgk¡ nqb ckyd ns[kkA efr Hkze eksfj fd vku fcls[kkAA ru iqyfdr eq[k cpu vkokA u;u ew¡fn pjuu flj ukokAA & rqylh% jkepfjr ekulA ;gk¡ foLe; LFkk;h Hkko gSA ekrk dkS’Y;k vkJ; rFkk ;gk¡ ogk¡ nks ckyd fn[kkbZ nsuk vkyacu gSA ^ru iqyfdr eq[k opu u vkok *esa jksekap vkSj LojHkax vuqHkko gSaA tM+rk]fordZ vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA vr% ;gk¡ vn~Hkqr jl gSA { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "ImageObject", "contentUrl": "http://images.slideplayer.es/33/7434157/slides/slide_14.jpg", "name": "foLe; uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls vn~Hkqr jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA fofo/k izdj.kksa esa yksdksRrjrk ns[kdj tks vk’p;Z gksrk gS] mls foLe; dgrs gSaA mnkgj.k& bgk¡ mgk¡ nqb ckyd ns[kkA efr Hkze eksfj fd vku fcls[kkAA ru iqyfdr eq[k cpu vkokA u;u ew¡fn pjuu flj ukokAA & rqylh% jkepfjr ekulA ;gk¡ foLe; LFkk;h Hkko gSA ekrk dkS’Y;k vkJ; rFkk ;gk¡ ogk¡ nks ckyd fn[kkbZ nsuk vkyacu gSA ^ru iqyfdr eq[k opu u vkok *esa jksekap vkSj LojHkax vuqHkko gSaA tM+rk]fordZ vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA vr% ;gk¡ vn~Hkqr jl gSA", "description": "foLe; uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls vn~Hkqr jl dh n’kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA fofo/k izdj.kksa esa yksdksRrjrk ns[kdj tks vk’p;Z gksrk gS] mls foLe; dgrs gSaA mnkgj.k& bgk¡ mgk¡ nqb ckyd ns[kkA efr Hkze eksfj fd vku fcls[kkAA ru iqyfdr eq[k cpu vkokA u;u ew¡fn pjuu flj ukokAA & rqylh% jkepfjr ekulA ;gk¡ foLe; LFkk;h Hkko gSA ekrk dkS’Y;k vkJ; rFkk ;gk¡ ogk¡ nks ckyd fn[kkbZ nsuk vkyacu gSA ^ru iqyfdr eq[k opu u vkok *esa jksekap vkSj LojHkax vuqHkko gSaA tM+rk]fordZ vkfn lapkjh Hkko gSaA vr% ;gk¡ vn~Hkqr jl gSA", "width": "800" } 15 fuosZn ;k ‘ke uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls Hk;kud jl dk :i xzg.k djrk gSA mnkgj.k& voykSa ulkuh vc u ulSgkSaA jke d`ik Hko fulk fljkuh tkxs fQj u MlSgkSaA ik;ks uke pk# fparkefu mj djrsa u [klSgkSaA ‘;ke :i lqfp #fpj dlkSVh fpr dapufg dlSgkSaA ijcl tkfu g¡L;ks bu bfUnzu fut cl ºoS u g¡lSgkSaA eu e/kqdj iu dfj rqylh j?kqifr in dey clSgkSaA & rqylh% fou;if=dkA ;gk¡ fuosZn LFkk;h Hkko gSA lkalkfjd vlkjrk vkSj bfUnz;ksa }kjk migkl mn~nhiu gSA Lora= gksus rFkk jke ds pj.kksa esa jfr gksus dk dFku vuqHkko gSA /k`fr] fordZ]efr vkfn lapkjh gSaA bu lcls iq”V fuosZn ‘kkar jl dks izkIr gqvk gSA

16 okRlY; uked LFkk;h Hkko]foHkko]vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkko ds la;ksx ls ^oRly jl* laiq”V gksrk gSAmnkgj.k& tlksnk gfj ikyus >qykosaA gyjkosa nqyjkb eYgkosa] tksb lksb dNq xkosaA esjs yky dks vko jh fuanfj;k] dkgs u vku lqokosaA rw dkgSa ufga csfxfga vkoS] rksdks dkug cqykosaA dcgq¡ iyd gfj ew¡fn ysr gSa]dcgq¡ v/kj QjdkosaA lksor tkfu ekSu ºoS dS jfg] dfj dfj lSu crkosaA bfg varj vdqykb mBs gfj] tlqefr e/kqjS xkosaA tks lq[k ^lwj* vej eqfu nqyZHk] lks uan Hkkfeuh ikosaA &lwj% lwjlkxjA blesa okRlY; LFkk;h Hkko gSA ;’kksnk vkJ; vkSj d`”.k vkyacu gSaA ;’kksnk dk xhr xkuk vkfn vuqHkko gSaA bu lcls iq”V okRlY; LFkk;h Hkko oRly jl n’kk dks izkIr gqvk gSA

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