1 El Nuevo Constante 1766 Learn about Louisiana’s Past through Archaeology

2 El Nuevo Constante Drawing of El Nuevo Constante

3 El Nuevo Constante 1766  Spanish trading ship  Wrecked near Louisiana coast  Goods from Mexico on board  First colonial shipwreck discovered in Louisiana El Nuevo Constante

4 Timeline of events in Louisiana and the world from A.D. 1400 to A.D. 1803 El Nuevo Constante wrecks A.D. 1766 El Nuevo Constante A.D. 1400A.D. 1500A.D. 1600A.D. 1700A.D. 1800 LaSalle claims Louisiana for France A.D. 1682 France transfers Louisiana to Spain Treaty of Fountainebleu A.D. 1762 Columbus in the New World A.D. 1492 American Revolution begins A.D. 1775 de Soto expedition in Louisiana A.D. 1542 Ponce de Leon discovers Florida A.D. 1513 Renaissance Period begins in Italy A.D. 1400 Age of Enlightenment begins in Europe A.D. 1700 Scientific Revolution begins in Europe A.D. 1600 Pre-European Contact Period A.D. 1400-1500 Colonial Period A.D. 1500 -1803 Louisiana Purchase A.D. 1803 Treaty of Paris Revolutionary War ends A.D. 1784

5 Views of El Nuevo Constante El Nuevo Constante

6 Route of El Nuevo Constante North America South America Africa Spain Louisiana Mexico Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Ocean Pacific Ocean El Nuevo Constante

7 General area of the shipwreck of El Nuevo Constante Drawing from Coastal Environments, Inc. El Nuevo Constante Balize

8 Photograph of Texas shrimp trawler, 1979 Copper ingots from El Nuevo Constante Photograph by Coastal Environments, Inc. El Nuevo Constante NOAA Fishwatch Drawing of El Nuevo Constante-style ship, 1766 (Stan Dark © 1997)

9 Territorial sea and ownership (nm = nautical miles) Louisiana’s Territorial Sea Territorial Waters Louisiana’s Exclusive Economic Zone 12 nm 24 nm200 nm El Nuevo Constante Continental Shelf Shoreline

10 Primary Sources for this Project  1785 journal entry about Bayou del Constance  Historical archives in Mexico and Spain  Ship’s manifest (list of cargo, crew and passengers)  Historical maps  Artifacts from the shipwreck El Nuevo Constante

11 Archaeological Investigations  Remote sensing survey  Cores to study sediment layers of seafloor  Underwater measurements of ship  Artifact recovery, analysis, and conservation  Reporting

12 Challenging diving conditions for El Nuevo Constante El Nuevo Constante Photograph by Coastal Environments, Inc.

13 Artifacts Recovered, 1979 to 1980  Cannon, cannon balls and shot  Glass  Pottery, olive jars  Silver, gold and copper ingots  Raw material to make dyes  Ceramic cargo  Hides  Turtle shells El Nuevo Constante

14 Cannons from El Nuevo Constante El Nuevo Constante Photograph by Coastal Environments, Inc.

15 Cannon balls and shot from El Nuevo Constante El Nuevo Constante Photograph by Coastal Environments, Inc. 8-pounder cannon ball 4-pounder cannon ball lead shot canister shot wood base

16 Glass artifacts from El Nuevo Constante Glass fragments Wine Bottle Base El Nuevo Constante Photographs by Coastal Environments, Inc.

17 Spanish Olive Jar El Nuevo Constante Photograph by Coastal Environments, Inc. Spanish olive jar fragments from El Nuevo Constante Example of complete Spanish olive jar Photograph by Odyssey Marine Exploration

18 El Nuevo Constante Cargo list of El Nuevo Constante, 1766

19 Precious metals from El Nuevo Constante El Nuevo Constante Photographs by Coastal Environments, Inc. Silver ingots and artifacts Gold ingots

20 Copper ingots from El Nuevo Constante El Nuevo Constante Photograph by Coastal Environments, Inc.

21 El Nuevo Constante Indian collecting cochineal insectsLive and dried cochineal insects Newberry Digital Collections for the Classroom Photographs courtesy of Centinela Himayo Weavers Cochineal for making red dye

22 El Nuevo Constante Achiote tree and seed pod Dried blocks of annatto from the Constante Photographs by Campbell Plowden, Center for Amazon Community Ecology Photograph by Coastal Environments, Inc. Annatto for making dyes

23 El Nuevo Constante Logwood from El Nuevo Constante Photographs by Coastal Environments, Inc.

24 Small ceramic items from El Nuevo Constante El Nuevo Constante Photographs by Coastal Environments, Inc.

25 Tanned cow hide from El Nuevo Constante El Nuevo Constante Photograph by Coastal Environments, Inc.

26 Tortoise Shell El Nuevo Constante Spanish two-sided tortoise shell comb (Odyssey Marine Exploration) Tortoise shell from El Nuevo Constante (Coastal Environments, Inc.) cm

27 Human story through archaeology El Nuevo Constante Courtesy of Latin American Studies

28 El Nuevo Constante Publications Virtual BookPublished Book El Nuevo Constante

29 El Nuevo Constante 1766 This presentation is one in a series of modules about Louisiana archaeology. Each module has a PowerPoint presentation and associated student activities. The series is called “Learn about Louisiana’s Past through Archaeology.” This presentation is intended for educational use. Please use image credits where provided. Please visit the Division of Archaeology website for additional teaching materials and educational resources at: http://www.crt.la.gov/archaeology/ (select Discover Archaeology). http://www.crt.la.gov/archaeology/ Presented by: Louisiana Division of Archaeology Office of Cultural Development Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism Office of the Lieutenant Governor Baton Rouge, Louisiana This project was made possible through the Governor's Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness (GOHSEP) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) as part of implementing the Louisiana Hazard Mitigation Grant Program for Hurricane Katrina recovery. © Louisiana Division of Archaeology 2015