1 EL PRETÉRITO

2 I went to the store. I bought a shirt. I paid in cash. El Pretérito: is a past tense (“-ed”) talks about what happened is a completed action

3 The stem for regular verbs in the pretérito is the infinitive stem. Tomartom- Hablarhabl- Comercom- Beberbeb- Abrirabr- Salirsal-

4 Pretérito endings for -ar verbs are: -é -aste -ó -amos -asteis -aron

5 Pretérito endings for –er / -ir verbs are: -í -iste -ió -imos -isteis -ieron

6 (-ar verbs) tomé tomaste tomó tomamos tomasteis tomaron Por ejemplo: tomar

7 (-er / -ir verbs) comí comiste comió comimos comisteis comieron Por ejemplo: comer

8 (-er / -ir verbs) abrí abriste abrió abrimos abristeis abrieron Por ejemplo: abrir

9 LOS VERBOS CON “F”

10 Como se conjuga el verbo SER en el pretérito? SINGULARPLURAL Yo FUI FUI NosotrosFUIMOS TuFUISTE VosotrosFUISTEIS El/Ella/UdFUE Ellos/Ellas/UdsFUERON

11 Como se conjuga el verbo IR en el pretérito? SINGULARPLURAL Yo FUI FUI NosotrosFUIMOS TuFUISTE VosotrosFUISTEIS El/Ella/UdFUE Ellos/Ellas/UdsFUERON

12 Yo fui a la playa I went to the beach Yo fui inocente I was inocent

13  Yo ___________a Canadá.  Tu___________a caminar.  Julia y Martin ______________novios.  José _____________muy feliz.  Roberto y yo______________a la casa de mi hermano.  Los chicos _________________muy buenos.  Tu y Javier________________mis compañeros de clase

14 LOS VERBOS CON “U”

15 “THE LIGHTNING BOLT”  For FUIJY verbs, the verbs for the U-I and J categories have a different set of endings than the normal AR and ER/IR endings. But rather than memorize a brand new set of endings we use a “lightning bolt” between the two lists to learn them. e í aste iste o ió amos imos asteis isteis aron ieron

16 Los Verbos con “U”  The following verbs change their stem in the preterite to include a “u.” Tenertuv-I received / got ** Andaranduv-I walked Estarestuv-I was Sabersup-I found out** Cabercup-I fit Poderpud-I managed to / succeeded in** Ponerpus-I put Haberhub-I had (____ed) / there was

17 Ejemplos  Él _______________ en Mexico. (estar)  José no _______________ jugar. (poder)  Nosotros _______________ por la plaza. (andar)  ¿Cómo _______________ Uds. la noticia? (saber)  ¿Por qué _______________ Uds. las flores allí? (poner)

18 LOS VERBOS CON “I” Y “J”

19 fuijy – I verbs Querer – tried Venir – came Hacer – made/did QuiseQuisimosVineVinimosHiceHicimos QuisisteQuisisteisVinisteVinisteisHicisteHicisteis QuisoQuisieronVinoVinieronHizoHicieron Yo hice una salchicha!

20 VerbFormMeaningExample DecirDIJTOLD/SAID Yo le dije la verdad al juez. TraerTRAJBROUGHT Ella trajo los utiles al colegio fuiJy – J verbs Verbs ending in –ducir: Producir – Produj (to produce) Apple produjo 100000000 Ipads. Traducir – Traduj (to translate) Manuel tradujo las oraciones. Conducir – Conduj (to drive) Los profesores condujeron al colegio ayer.

21 The lightning bolt  I and J verbs use the lightning bolt as well. However J verbs take a modified lightning bolt! e í aste iste o ió amos imos asteis isteis aron eron**

22 Completen las oraciones con un verbo adecuado  Manuel _______su Ferrari en Italia.  Jose y Maria no __________su almuerzo al colegio hoy.  Ayer Cintia me _______un secreto.  La semana pasada yo __________veinte oraciones del ingles al español.  Toyota y Honda __________muchos carros en el 2009.

23 LOS VERBOS CON “Y”

24 Verbos con “y”  The last category of FUIJY verbs are the verbs with a “y.”  Y verbs are a category of -er/-ir verbs and they ARE NOT lightning bolt verbs!! They conjugate like normal -er/-ir verbs.  This category consists of change in the 3 rd person conjugation (ending) from i-y

25 Verbos con “y”  There are FOUR –er/-ir verbs in this category: Caer(se) – fell / tripped Leer - read Creer - believed Oír – heard  There is also a category of verbs with this change: verbs that end in “-uir” Construir - built Destruir - destroyed Huir – ran away / fled Influir - influenced Contribuir - contributed Distribuir - distributed

26 íímos ísteísteis yóyeron

27 VERBOS CON CAMBIOS DE RAÍZ

28 Verbos con Cambios de Raíz  From present tense we are used to making stem changes to all the types of verbs (-ar/-er/-ir) and in the “boot” (all forms except nosotros /vosotros).  For the preterite, stem changes are ONLY FOR –IR VERBS and they only change in 3 rd person! The only two changes are e-i and o-u.  To help you remember this, use this catchy phrase: “In the preterite, take off the boot and put on a slipper!”

29 Take off the boot and put on a slipper! íimos isteisteis e-i e-i o-u o-u

30 Take off the boot and put on a slipper! pedípedimos pedistepedisteis pidiópidieron

31 Take off the boot and put on a slipper! me dormínos dormimos te dormisteos dormisteis se durmióse durmieron

32 VERBOS -CAR/-GAR/-ZAR

33 Verbos -car/-gar/-zar  All verbs that end in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spelling change ONLY in the yo form in the preterite.  This is to preserve the sound of the consonant.  All of the other conjugations of these verbs are REGULAR!

34 Only Spell-Change the YO form! car = c - qué gar = g – guéamos zar = z - cé asteasteis óaron

35 Buscar: looked for (c-qu) busquébuscamos buscastebuscasteis buscóbuscaron

36 Llegar: arrived (g-gu) lleguéllegamos llegastellegasteis llególlegaron

37 Empezar: began (z-c) empecéempezamos empezasteempezasteis empezóempezaron

38 DAR Y VER

39 VER & DAR DAR – TO GIVE VER – TO SEE DIDIMOSVIVIMOS DISTEDISTEISVISTEVISTEIS DIODIERONVIOVIERON !!!Vi un barco pirata!!!

40 EL IMPERFECTO

41 You’ve already learned to use the preterite tense to talk about completed actions in the past. Now you’ll review another past tense called the imperfect!!  You can use the imperfect in the following ways:  To speak about background events in a story.  To talk about something you used to do as a habit. A repeated or habitual activity  To speak about physical characteristics  To express thoughts and Emotions  To express time, age, and weather

42 FORMATION OF IMPERFECT To conjugate regular –ar verbs in the imperfect 1. Drop the infinitive ending 2. Add “aba” abaábamos abasabais abaaban

43 43 (-ar verbs) tomaba tomabas tomaba tomábamos tomabais tomaban Por ejemplo: tomar

44 To conjugate regular –er/-ir verbs in the imperfect: 1. Drop the infinitive ending 2. Add “ía” íaíamos íasíais íaían

45 (-er / -ir verbs) comía comías comía comíamos comíais comían Por ejemplo: comer

46 LOS IRREGULARES: There are only 3 irregular verbs in the imperfect. 1.ser=______________2. ir=__________________ VeíaVeíamos VeíasVeíais VeíaVeían EraÉramos ErasErais EraEran IbaÍbamos IbasIbais IbaIban Used to be/wasUsed to go/was go_______ ing 3. ver= used to see/was seeing

47 When to use Preterite SAFE Sequence of Events Actions that interrupt Finished/specific/completed actions Exact amount of time / exact number of times

48 When to use Imperfect WATERS Weather Age Time Emotions/attitudes Repeated/simultaneous/ongoing actions Setting the stage/ description