1 French Revolution Document Galleryby: Stephanie

2 Causes

3 Absolute Government Monarch combined the functions of the law-maker, the judge, the executive and the military commander

4 Inefficient GovernmentPart of Constitution had separation of Powers...A Legislative Branch to make laws; a council to approve laws. https://www.proprofs.com/flashcards/cardshowall.php?title=napoleon-and-the-french-revolution

5 Economic Problems In the 1780s,the price of bread doubled and many people were angry because they were starving to death .

6 Three Estates Today, the ordinary people carry the oligarchs and the political/media establishment on its back… as they do so, the oligarchs, politicians, and the media excoriate them for greediness and taking too much from society, as the people’s share of the pie grows ever smaller. https://04varvara.wordpress.com/2011/07/01/1-july-2011-the-more-that-things-change-the-third-estate-is-still-paying-for-the-fecklessness-of-the-oligarchs-and-the-clerisy

7 Enlightenment PhilosophersThe powers of government should be separated into separate branches https://mrgrayhistory.wikispaces.com/UNIT%2014%20-%20THE%20ENLIGHTENMENT

8 American Revolution “The American Revolution was in no way ever intended to be egalitarian.” It was only, as a different commenter put it https://kielarowski.net/2016/07/14/in-defense-of-the-american-revolution/

9 Components

10 National Assembly and Tennis Court OathThe Third Estate, led by the comte de Mirabeau, began to call themselves the National Assembly. The deputies were shocked to discover that the chamber door was locked and it was guarded by soldiers There, 576 of the 577 members from the Third Estate took a collective oath "not to separate, and to reassemble wherever https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_Court_Oath

11 Fall of the Bastille The crowd gained access to the Bastille, the guards were arrested and murdered its governor. The capture of the Bastille was chiefly a symbolic victory

12 Declaration of the Rights of Man and the CitizenThe people of France were happy because it became the basis for a nation of free individuals protected equally by law. https://history.state.gov/milestones/ /french-rev

13 March on Versailles The march began among women in the marketplaces of Paris, were near rioting over the high price and scarcity of bread. Their demonstrations quickly became intertwined with the activities of revolutionaries, who were seeking liberal political reforms and a constitutional monarchy for France. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_March_on_Versailles

14 National Assembly Reforms 1789-1791The Estates General convened as scheduled, where the king and his court were established – twelve miles from Paris. Representing the Catholic Church were many ordinary parish priests. The nobles selected their representatives.

15 Louis and family attempt to escapeThey increased the taxes the people in the third estate had to pay and used it for themselves. This angered many French citizens.

16 France at war with Austria and other European nationsThe National Assembly, deliberating upon the formal proposition of the king, in view of the fact that the court of Vienna, in contempt of treaties, has not ceased to extend open protection to French rebels

17 Execution of Louis XVI http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/180/This is clearly the last moment as Louis XVI has his coat off and his hands secured behind his back. The confessor steadies the King.

18 Assassination of MaratMarat (24 May 1743 – 13 July 1793) suffered from a skin condition that caused him to spend much of his time in his bathtub; he would often work there. Corday fatally stabbed Marat, though she did not attempt to flee. She was later tried and executed for the murder https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Death_of_Marat

19 Reign of Terror http://frenchreignofterror.weebly.com/Many people did not foresee the death to come when they called for revolution

20 Execution of RobespierreRobespierre is being executed by the guillotine

21 Directory The Thermidorean Reaction that began on the 27th July 1794 had seen the National Convention turn against the Jacobin leaders of the French Revolution, leading to the arrest and execution of Robespierre and 21 others. This was followed by a purge of other radicals in what became known as the White Terror.

22 Consequences

23 Republic Established The French First Republic ( ) was established by the National Convention on September 22, 1792, and was legally created and enforced by the Constitution of 1793, during the French Revolution. The establishment of the National Convention that instated the First Republic was a direct consequence of August 10th events (1792), when members of the insurrectionary Paris Commune had attacked the Tuileries Palace, killing five hundred of the King’s Swiss guards and forcing Louis XVI and the royal family to take shelter with the Legislative Assembly.

24 New Institutions Constitution of 1791, French constitution created by the National Assembly during the French Revolution. It retained the monarchy, but sovereignty effectively resided in the Legislative Assembly, which was elected by a system of indirect voting. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Constitution-of-1791-French-history

25 Concept of War The French Revolution aroused the hostility of foreign monarchs, nobles, and clergy, who feared the spread of republican ideas abroad. French public opinion was aroused. It was desired by many of the revolutionists— with the notable exception of Robespierre—who believed that war would insure the permanence of the new order and propagate revolution abroad, and by the royalists, who hoped that victory would restore the powers of Louis XVI

26 Conditions of the PeasantsIn the beginning of the eighteenth century, a genre was established; it had been branded as seditious by the state, and the way was cleared for the clandestine best- sellers of the pre-Revolutionary era.

27 Church When the Republican Army gained control of the war, it began a new campaign of enforced evacuation. The Army destroyed crops and farms, razed towns

28 Bourgeoisie/middle classThe "bourgeoisie", in its original sense, is intimately linked to the existence of cities recognized as such by their urban charters so, there was no bourgeoisie "outside the walls of the city" beyond which the people were "peasants" submitted to the stately courts and manorialism (except for the traveling "Fair bourgeoisie" living outside urban territories, who retained their city rights and domicile https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourgeoisie

29 Influence on other CountriesFrance lost thousands of her countrymen in the form of émigrés, or emigrants who wished to escape political tensions and save their lives. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influence_of_the_French_Revolution

30 End of French Revolution