1 Greece: The Golden Age
2 Pericles BC Influential general, orator, and statesmen of Athens Born and died in Athens One wife and one mistress Children: Xanthippus, Paralus (1st wife), and Pericles the younger (mistress)
3 Age of Pericles Height of Athenian PowerDirect democracy People participate directly in government decision making through mass meetings. Who is responsible for making the laws? Who did Pericles expand public office to include? How? Lower class citizens Codified laws, created jury duty Removed restrictions on positions and made them paid positions. “Our Constitution…is called a democracy because power is in the hands not of a minority but of the whole”.
4 Delian League Alliance of city-states in the 5th BC Led by AthensOther city-states too poor to pay for ships. Then contributed sums to Athens Goal: to overthrow Persian force. Main players: Chios, Samos, Lesbos, and Ionian cities Delos: meeting place and treasury 454 BC move to Athens
5 Naval Power Main source of trade: agricultural products, pottery, bronze, silver, and textiles Aegean Sea, Mediterranean, and Ionian Sea Delian League: promoted and protected trade Triremes (Greek Τριήρεις) are several different types of ancient warships
6 Beautifying Athens
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8 So what did all of this wealth lead to?Golden Age of Art, Theater, Math, Science, and Philosophy
9 Achievements Classical Arts: established principles of order, balance, and proportion Focused on the gods and heroes. The Temple of Athena Nike - part of the Acropolis in the city of Athens Wedding of Peleus and Thetis: Aphrodite and Ares in chariot, Muses behind horses Poseidon
10 Drama and Theater Written as a trilogy Tragedy: hero has a downfallIE: Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex “Yes, she was my mother, yes--alas, for my miseries! I did not know it, nor did she, and to her shame she bore children to the son whom she had borne. [985] But one thing, at least, I know: that you willingly revile her and me, but I did not willingly marry her, and I do not willingly speak now. No, I will not be called evil on account of this marriage, nor in the slaying of my father, which you charge me with again and again in bitter insult. [990] Answer just one thing of those I ask. If, here and now, someone should come up and try to murder you--you, the just one--would you ask if the murderer was your father, or would you revenge yourself on him straightaway?” Comedy: Aristophanes [satire] ONLY MALE ACTORS!
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12 Greek Theater
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14 Modern Math & Science Pythagoras of Samos Geometry
15 Hippocrates Hippocrates, the father of medicineNatural causes of diseases Physicians oath: “…Most especially must I tread with care in matters of life and death. If it is given me to save a life, all thanks. But it may also be within my power to take a life; this awesome responsibility must be faced with great humbleness and awareness of my own frailty. Above all, I must not play at God.. will prevent disease whenever I can, for prevention is preferable to cure.” Hippocrates, the father of medicine
16 Democritus Basic composition of matter:Every matter is made up of elements known as “atomos”.
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18 Philosophy Socrates: Socratic method (teaching/learning by asking questions) Was never paid for his teaching Tried for “corrupting the youth of Athens”
19 Philosophy Plato: student of Socrates Own AcademyThe Republic (the perfect government) Plato’s perfect government? “philosopher-king” Theory of Ideal Forms “Allegory of the Cave”
20 Philosophy Aristotle Quest for truth (math, history, science, etc.)Syllogism (every truth is followed by logic from other truths) IE: A=B and B=C then A=C Political Theory: 3 Good Governments: Monarchy Aristocracy Constitutional government
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