1 GROUP 1 Perla Bernable Shany Castillo Nicholas Brian Aric Josefina

2 OUTLINE  Introduction  Discussion of three Themes of Literature  Application of 2 schools of Literary Criticism  10 Steps for Eliminating One Form of Oppression  Ways to implement one of 12 Steps for Living Compassionately  Explication  Conclusion  MLA citations

3 INTRODUCTION Today we will; Talk about various schools of criticism Analyze and closely read several poems and relate them to our themes of literature Identify several ways to eliminate a form of oppression. Discuss a few of the 12 steps for living compassionately

4 DISCUSSION In the story “Journey to Pennsylvania” by Gottlieb Mittelberger the author shows his resilience while he is going through the process of coming to America. He has to show resilience or else he would not be able to handle the things that he has seen while on the ship that was taking him to America. An example is when he saw people being thrown overboard as if they were garbage. The author’s resilience was proven throughout the story because of the things he had to experience, (Mittelberger). The story “Letters from an American Farmer” by J. Hector St. John De Crevecoeur shows that sacrifice brings rewards. He became successful in America despite being in a country that was not his home. The example is when he came from his old country with positive attitude. The authors sacrifice of leaving a country that was not his own and working to become a success brought him rewards,(Crevecoeur). During the story “Reminiscences” by Carl Schurz he and his wife have a great experience with guests and host communities. The reason is that they were in need of help and American citizens came to their aid. An example is when the author’s wife was sick and the other guests of the hotel helped him out. This experience with Americans was a great start for them in their new home,(Schurz).

5 FormalismPsychological LITERARY CRITICISM “Letter to His Mother and Father” by Richard Frethorne

6 10 STEPS FOR ELIMINATING SEXISM

7 STEPS 1-2-3  Be the kind of partner you would want your children’s partner to be.  Do NOT Stereotype.  Share responsibility for birth control and reproductive health and safety.

8 STEPS 4-5-6  Do not interrupt women when they speak or control their space.  Support women’s equality in education and in the workplace.  Don’t condone, laugh at, or tell sexist jokes.

9 STEPS 7-8-9  Promoting equal opportunities and equal salary in the workplace.  Sharing housekeeping responsibilities  Promote political equality for women and men.

10 STEP 10  Do NOT fund sexism. Do Not purchase any magazine, rent any video or buy any piece of music that portrays women in a sexually degrading or violent manner.

11 EXPLICATION

12 "En Paz” Muy cerca de mi ocaso, yo te bendigo, Vida, porque nunca me diste ni esperanza fallida, ni trabajos injustos, ni pena inmerecida; Porque veo al final de mi rudo camino que yo fui el arquitecto de mi propio destino; que si extraje la mieles o la hiel de las cosas, fue porque en ellas puse hiel o mieles sabrosas: cuando planté rosales coseché “EN PAZ” BY AMADO NERVO siempre rosas. Cierto, a mis lozanías va a seguir el invierno: ¡mas tú no me dijiste que mayo fuese eterno! Hallé sin duda largas las noches de mis penas; mas no me prometiste tan sólo noches buenas; y en cambio tuve algunas santamente serenas Amé, fui amado, el sol acarició mi faz. ¡Vida, nada me debes! ¡ Vida, estamos en paz! Poema por Amado NervoAmado Nervo

13 Did you hear about the rose that grew from a crack in the concrete? Proving nature's law is wrong it learned to walk with out having feet. Funny it seems, but by keeping it's dreams, it learned to breathe fresh air. Long live the rose that grew from concrete when no one else ever cared. Tupac Shakur

14 Sueño despierto Yo sueño con los ojos Abiertos, y de día Y noche siempre sueño. Y sobre las espumas Del ancho mar revuelto, Y por entre las crespas Arenas del desierto, Y del león pujante, Monarca de mi pecho, Montado alegremente Sobre el sumiso cuello. Un niño que me llama Flotando siempre veo! “I DREAM AWAKE” BY JOSE MARTI I dream awake Day and night I always dream with open eyes And on top of the foaming waves Of the wide turbulent sea, And on the rolling Desert sands, And merrily riding on the gentle neck Of a mighty lion, Monarch of my heart, I always see a floating child Who is calling me

15 WHEN GOD IS BORN, NO POWER PREVAILS BY FRANCISZEK KARPIŃSKI When God is born, no power prevails, Our Lord in nakedness enwound. All fire congeals, all luster pales, Contained is He that knows no bound. Despised, in glory comes untold, A mortal king for aye to reign. The Word of God in flesh behold, Now born to share our life mundane. What have ye Heavens o'er the earth, That God forsook His sweet delight, And wished to take a human birth, To share our every toil and plight? And He did suffer unconsoled, And we were guilty of His pain. The Word of God in flesh behold, Now born to share our life mundane.. The frankincense, and myrrh, and gold With rustic gifts He did retain. The Word of God in flesh behold, Now born to share our life mundane Raise now Thy hand, oh Child divine, And bless our homeland from the Height. By good advice and times benign, Support her strength with Thine own might: The hamlets, cities and the wold, Our houses, and our every gain. The Word of God in flesh behold, Now born to share our life mundane. A meager shed for Him they found, And in a manger there He lay. What was He, and what was there 'round? Poor shepherds, cattle, sheep and hay. The poor had hailed Him, we are told, Before the rich would entertain. The Word of God in flesh behold, Now born to share our life mundane. 'Twas then, they say, appeared the kings, And jostled through the gathering dense. For Him they brought their offerings: The myrrh, and gold, and frankincense.

16 Entre irse y quedarse By Octavio Paz Entre irse y quedarse dude el día, enamorado de su transparencia. La tarde circular es ya bahía: en su quieto vaivén se mece el munco. Todo es visible y todo es elusivo, todo está cerca y todo es intocable. Los papeles, el libro, el vaso, el lápiz reposan a la sombra de sus nombres Latir del tiempo que en mi sien repite la misma terca sílaba de sangre. La luz hace del muro indiferente un espectral teatro de reflejos. En el centro de un ojo me descubro; no me mira, me miro en su mirada. Se disipa el instante. Sin moverme, yo me quedo y me voy: soy una pausa

17 12 STEPS FOR LIVING COMPASSIONATELY Recognizing Compassion

18 12 STEPS FOR LIVING COMPASSIONATELY Admit how little we know.

19 12 STEPS FOR LIVING COMPASSIONATELY Taking Action (Perla)

20 12 STEPS FOR LIVING COMPASSIONATELY  Love your Enemies (Shany) Find Something Good About Your Enemies Preform an Act of Kindness Towards Them Compliment Them Put Yourself in Their Shoes Ask Yourself Why Aare They Your Enemy?

21 12 STEPS FOR LIVING COMPASSIONATELY  Have concern for everybody (Aric) Be aware of your surroundings Make sure you’re not bothering anyone Watch what you say to others as it may harm them Treat others the way you want to be treated

22 CONCLUSION  Learned What Sexism Is And How To Avoid It.  Overview of Themes of Literature and Literary Criticism and How They Relate to the Text we Have Read.  Discussed a few of the 12 Steps for Living Compassionately.

23 MLA  Karpiński, Franciszek. "WHEN GOD IS BORN, NO POWER PREVAILS." Trans. Jarek Zawadzki's Selected Masterpieces of Polish Poetry.. 1stJarosław Zawadzki, 2007. 23-24. Print..  Schurz, Carl. “Reminiscences”. Trans. Oscar Handlin and John Clive BECOMING AMERICANS Four Centuries of Immigrant Writing. Ed. Ilan Stavans. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 2009. 80-88. Print.  Crevecoeur, J. Hector St. John De. "Letters from an American Farmer." Trans. Oscar Handlin and John Clive BECOMING AMERICANS Four Centuries of Immigrant Writing. Ed. Ilan Stavans. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 2009. 34-38. Print.  Mittelberger, Gottlieb. "Journey to Pennsylvania." Trans. Oscar Handlin and John Clive BECOMING AMERICANS Four Centuries of Immigrant Writing. Ed. Ilan Stavans. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 2009. 23-33. Print.  Nervo, Amado. “En Paz,” Poem of Quotes. N.p. 2004. Web. 16 Sept. 2012.

24 MLA  http://spanishpoems.blogspot.com/2005/07/jos-mart-sueo- despierto.html http://spanishpoems.blogspot.com/2005/07/jos-mart-sueo- despierto.html  http://www.nomas.org/node/178 http://www.nomas.org/node/178  www.poemhunter.com/poem/between-going-and-coming/ www.poemhunter.com/poem/between-going-and-coming/