1 Haruo Suzuki1, Eli Kaminuma2, Yukuto Sato3, and Riu Yamashita3Pathomap Japan node Haruo Suzuki1, Eli Kaminuma2, Yukuto Sato3, and Riu Yamashita3 Yamaguchi University1, National Institute of Genetics2, Tohoku University3

2 Collaborators Haruo Suzuki Eli Kaminuma Yukuto Sato Riu Yamashita

3 National Institute of Genetics (NIG)Eli Kaminuma (Bioinformatics) - Crowdsourced science - NGS annotation pipeline - DNA fingerprinting (SNP markers) Genome Informatics Lab. (Prof. Nakamura)

4 Tohoku University Yamashita Sato Shinozaki“Big” data analysis and knowledge discovery. Whole genome analysis on supercomputer and direction of preventive medicine

5 Swab subways in Tokyo and SendaiSendai is located approximately 300 kilometers (180 miles) north of Tokyo on the Pacific coast of Honshu (the largest of Japan's four major islands). 8.9 earthquake hits Japan in 2011

6 Tokyo subway : total 239 stationsJapan subway : total 636 stations ( ) Tokyo subway : total 239 stations

7 Swab subways in Tokyo and SendaiTokyo: Oedo-line 38 stations Sendai: Nanboku-line 17 stations Oedo-line:38 stations. Sendai-line:17 stations. Sendai has a single north-south subway line (Nanboku Line). The city was constructing a second, east-west subway line (Tōzai Line), scheduled for completion in 2015. From wikipedia

8 Questionnaire for selecting sampling sitesAsked 100 crowdsourced workers (lancers.jp) “What do you touch in subway?” Stairwell railing Data on questionnaire from 100 respondents: We selected stairwell railing for this trial sampling.

9 Prepared tools for crowdsourced sample collectionData submission website Swab-kit Puritan medical product Co. Logistic track log by Japan Post Letterpack Japanese Instruction

10 GeoLocation-tagging using GPS from mobile sensing*Global Positioning System(GPS) EXIF (Exchangeable image file format) Mobile devices has latitude and longitude from Global Position System. GeoLocation data is extracted from EXIF metadata of captured image. GPS images are collected by crowdworkers. Latitude: Longitude:

11 Stations are cleaned often (every 2-3 days).Problems Stations are cleaned often (every 2-3 days). Effect of sample storage temperature. Images by Google search They are worried if we find pathogens in this project. 2. Oedo-line stations have been cleaned every 2-3 days. We need a unified protocol

12 We recruit collaboratorsfor microbiomes of Subways in Japan

13 Tokyo will host the 2020 Olympic gamesTokyo will host the 2020 Olympic games. Microbiome changes in Tokyo subways during 2020 Olympic Games.