1 Issues in Horticulture(Rabi Conference 2017) Dr. S.K. Malhotra Agriculture and Horticulture Commissioner DAC&FW, Ministry of Agriculture & FW
2 India’s Horticulture Scenario↑ 66% ↑ 75% ↑ 57% ↑ 90% Only 16% of arable land under Horticulture (24.4 million hectares) Only 1% of irrigated land in horticulture Produced million tons in Contributes 38% to Gross Net Value of Agriculture Per capita fruit & vegetable availability has increased from 397 grm/day in 2004 – 05 to 540 grm/day in 2nd largest Producer of Fruits & Vegetables Exports increased by 328% in 10 years Highest producer of several horticulture crops such that mango, banana, papaya, sapota, pomegranate, amla, areca nut, okra and peas. Area under Horticulture in India : million hectare which is 16.2% of total cultivable area of 142 million ha Though 16.2% in area, horticulture accounts for over 35% of Agriculture’s contribution ($260 Billion) to India’s GDP. Horticulture contributes over 280 million MT to the food basket of the country. For last 5 years, horticulture sector has registered an annual growth of 6% in production. The population of the country has grown at the annual growth rate of 1.5%. The per capita availability of fruits and vegetables grew at 4.5%. This achievement became largely possible due to the interventions made through National Horticulture Mission (NHM) and Horticulture Mission in North East and Himalayan States (HMNES), the Government of India schemes for horticulture development in the country. Others: includes Spices, Loose Flowers, Nuts, Mushroom, Aromatic/medicinal and Honey . Source: Horticulture Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Analysis
3 Main Producers Fruits These states account for 76% of productionVegetables These states account for 77% of production
4 Fruits & Vegetable SnapshotTotal Production million MT ( ) Average productivity MT/ha Fruits: Total production million MT ( ) Average productivity MT/ha
5 Share of Crops (Production and Area)Production million MT Veg million MT, Fruits 90.2 million MT, Aromatics & medicinal 1 million MT, Honey MT, Spices 6.9 million MT, Plantation crops 16.6 million MT, Flowers 2.2 million MT Production Share of Major Crops Area 24.4 million Ha Average productivity tons per Ha. Area Share of Major Crops # State of Indian Agriculture ,, NHB
6 Area, Production and Productivity↑ 67% ↑ 77% ↑ 42% ↑ 26% ↑ 11% ↑ 51%
7 Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)Government of India focus on Horticulture started with CDB in 1981, followed by NHB (1984), TMNEH (2001),NHM & NBM (2005) and CIH (2006) Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture MIDH: a Mission, that subsumes and integrates all activities in Horticulture. Individual schemes for horticulture subsumed into MIDH Horticulture Development in India HMNEH , as TMNE for horticulture (in north eastern states) , added Himalayan States 2006 CIH , for HRD in Horticulture CDB 1981: Coconut Development MIDH 2014 1981 2005 1984 2001 The time lines indicate a series of interventions implemented over previous 3 decades, with increasing focus on horticulture. Culminating in the current state where integration of efforts and holistic development is envisaged. NHB 1984: commercial horticulture NHM , mission to give direction & promote development of horticulture (in 18 states). Various schemes integrated to harness the potential of horticulture in the country. Budget allocation of Rs crore for XII Plan NBM , focus on bamboo (all states).
8 Major Interventions: Area expansion (establishment of new orchards/gardens) Rejuvenation of old and senile orchards Setting up and strengthening of Tissue Culture (TC) units Setting up, modernization and accreditation of nurseries Protected Cultivation (Poly House/Green House for production of high value vegetables) Import of High Yielding Variety Seeds /planting materials and seed processing/packing infrastructure Post Harvest Management: cold storages, pack houses, ripening chamber, reefer vehicle, primary processing units, and marketing infrastructure.
9 Agenda points for discussion
10 Breaking the Yield Barriers Enhancing Quality National agenda for Promotion of Horticulture 5 thematic areas Breaking the Yield Barriers Enhancing Quality Stay Financially Rewarding Technology for Deprived Policy with strong base of science
11 Integrated Approach: MIDHProductivity Quality Planting material: TC Labs, Germplasm, seeds, seedlings Canopy management of fruits trees (mango, guava, litchi, aamla, etc) High Density Plantation, Precision farming Inclusivity FPC / FPO / FIG and SHG Support to marginal and small farmers including women. Bee keeping, mushroom farming, vermi-composting Sustainability Creation of water resources, individual and community tanks Rejuvenation of senile plantations (fruit trees, plantation crops) Knowledge based centres of excellence and HRD support Technology Micro-propagation (Tissue Culture) Protected cultivation and drip irrigation Shelf life preservation & market linkage Quality Accreditation, GAP and organic farming, certification Sorting, Grading and Packaging Trackability and traceability Marketability Cold-chains with pre-cooling and transportation Terminal market complexes and wholesale bazaars Support for retail markets/outlets, vending carts Integrated Approach Integrated NHM HMNEH NHB NBM CDB CIH For each focus Area, primary Objectives were planned for. This is an indicative list of aims and objectives. Seed production has been picked up by private industry and eased out. Continued support for hybrid seeds, seed handling infrastructure and import of planting material.
12 Focus Areas for Horticulture DevelopmentCrop and cluster specific value chain enhancement project for strengthening robust value and supply chain with twin aim of increasing farmers income and reducing spikes in prices Availability of quality planting materials- accreditation of nurseries, tissue culture lab, seed infrastructure, etc. Special thrust on creation of market linked cold-chain logistics and PHM facilities. Higher productivity through Protected cultivation/ Hybrid vegetables. Aggregation of farmer producers and linking them to markets for economy of scale. Production of processable and exportable varieties – linking farmers to processing and export hubs Sustainable horticulture by way of organic farming, water management practices, climate resilient varieties and GAP certification
13 Beekeeping Beekeeping is an agri-business enterprise.Honey bees as an efficient pollinator contribute to improve crop productivity. Beekeeping generates income from various channels Yield enhancement (2-300 times) Honey & Beehive products Employment generation Processing Trading, marketing, export etc.
14 Financial Assistance under MIDH for promotion of beekeeping activities by NBB/ StatesS.No. Components Rates of assistance approved under MIDH (NHM/ HMNEH) 1 Promotion of Research & Development by ICAR 2 Development and Multiplication of Bee Stock I. Production of nucleus (Pedigree) stock. Rs lakhs/ project II. Production of Bee colonies by Bee Breeders. 40% of cost or Rs.4.00 lakhs/ Project (whichever is less) 3 Distribution of 8 frame bee colonies & beehives (50 bee colonies in beehives, supers/ beneficiary) 40% of cost or Rs.1600/ per set of bee colony & beehive (whichever is less) 4 Distribution of bee equipments [ a set of one honey extractor of SS (4 frames) & 10containers (30 kg each) of FGP /SS, 1 net & a set of other tools] / unit of 50 bee colonies / beneficiary. 40% of cost or Rs per set / per beneficiary (whichever is less) 5 Human Resource Dev.(HRD) activities. A. Conference/Seminar /Workshop a. National level Rs lakh /event b. State level Rs lakh/ event c. Distt. level Rs lakh/ event B. Trainings – within State & out of State @ Rs. 1000/- participant/day & project based C. Exposure Visits Project based
15 Impact of Bee keeping promotion in one decade DAC & FW efforts through NBBHoney production increased 3 times {32000 MT (2005) to MT (2016)} Bee colonies increased to 2.5 times (12 lakh to 30 lakh) Shift from wild to Apiary ( earlier 60:40 now 25:75 ) Export increased 5 times ( 9000 MT – 2005 to MT -2016) Honey processing units increased ( from 4 units to 20 units) Group of skilled Bee keepers emerged – scientific 622 Training organized with beneficiaries European Union banned Indian Honey – Antibiotic residue (6496 bee keepers registered with bee colonies)
16 New Initiatives by DAC & FW implemented through NBB in statesIntegrated Bee Development Centers (IBDC) – 10 IBDC 3 commissioned -Bihar, Haryana, Delhi 7 MP, Uttarakhand, Manipur, Punjab, UP, TN and J&K in process Integrated Development of Scientific Bee Keeping (IDSB)- RKVY, MIDH and other schemes Skill Council of India course on Bee Keeping qualification pack finalized Safal brand of honey launched through Mother Diary on Pilot scale using milk route 40 ton honey as first lot is being sold from Safal outlets Honey brands (Mustard, Eucalyptus, Litchi, Multiflora) Budget increased to Rs. 12 crore ( ) Development of data base – Mobile App / Bee Portal Task force constituted for Master Plan
17 Horticulture Production ProjectionsYear Production (m.t) 98 145 257 287 305 329 377 Required Production (m.t) 332 387 467 Difference 73 47 112 30 45 100 175 Years 41 9 10 5 3 7 15 Growth rate 2.5% 5 %
18 Cumulative Achievements -NHM/HMNEHComponent Unit Cumulative Achievement * Projections 1 Area Expansion ha. 140986 155085 170593 2 Rejuvenation of Orchards 649701 15636 17200 18920 3 Integrated Pest Management 98786 108664 119530 4 Protected Cultivation 195611 27124 29836 32819 5 Nurseries Nos. 4480 154 169 186 6 Water Resources 91979 4337 4771 5248 7 Post Harvest Infrastructures 70266 16191 17810 19591 8 Market Infrastructures 2944 400 440 480 * As on 31/03/2017
19 Implementation BottlenecksDelayed release of GOI and matching state funds (60:40) by State Government treasuries to SHMs. SHMs are reporting large unspent balance in the beginning of the financial year. SHMs unable to submit required documents for fund release in time, particularly audited UC. Physical and Financial progress reports not updated by states on MIS portal on regular basis. Deviations from approved Action Plan by implementing agencies using inter-component re-appropriations. Still more emphasis on ongoing interventions which are output oriented.
20 Let us Harness Horticulture for Food , Nutritional and Income securityThanks