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2 LOS VERBOS REFLEXIVOS Telling what People Do for Themselves Or decsribing actions that reflect back on the subject… El hombre se mira en el espejo.

3 Compare the Following Pairs of Sentences Elena baña al bebé./Elena le baña. Elena cepilla el pelo del bebé./Elena le cepilla el pelo. Elena se baña. Elena se cepilla el pelo. Elena bathes the baby/Elena bathes him/her.. Elena combs the baby’s hair./Elena combs his/her hair. Elena bathes herself. Elena combs her own hair. Non-Reflexive Reflexive

4 In the sentences on the left, Elena performs the action. The baby receives it. In the sentences on the right, Elena both performs and receives the action of the verb (she does the verb to herself). For this reason the pronoun Se must be used. Se refers to Elena and is called a reflexive pronoun. It indicates that the action of the verb is reflected back to the subject…in this case se can be translated literally as “herself.” These kind of verbs in the right column are called REFLEXIVE (there is a SE at the end of the verb) because they signify that a person doing something to (or for) him/herself.

5 Each subject pronoun has its corrsponding reflexive pronoun. Study the following: me lavo te lavas se lava nos lavamos os laváis se lavan me lavé te lavaste se lavó nos lavamos os lavaseis se lavaron Infinitive:Lavarse (to wash onself) present preterite imperfect Yo Tú El, ella, Ud. Nosotros (as) Vosotros (as) Ellos, ellas, Uds. Subject Pronouns Reflexive Pronouns me lavaba te lavabas se lavaba nos lavábamos os lavabais se lavaban

6 Each subject pronoun has its corrsponding reflexive pronoun. Study the following: me subo te subes se sube nos subimos os subís se suben me subí te subiste se subió nos subimos os subiseis se subieron Infinitive:subirse (to get up/on/go up) present preterite imperfect Yo Tú El, ella, Ud. Nosotros (as) Vosotros (as) Ellos, ellas, Uds. Subject Pronouns Reflexive Pronouns me subía te subías se subía nos subíamos os subíais se subían

7 ¿Qué hace el médico? El médico se lava las manos. Lavarse = To wash oneself Las Manos = The Hands The doctor washes his hands

8 ¿Qué hace José? José se cepilla el pelo. Cepillarse = To comb oneself El pelo = The hair José combs his hair

9 ¿Qué hace Ernesto? Ernesto se pone la ropa Ponerse = To put on Ernesto puts on his clothes

10 ¿Qué hace Elena? ¡Elena se baña! Elena bathes herself! bañarse = To bathe oneself

11 ¿Qué hace Julio? Julio se afeita la cara. Afeitarse = to shave oneself La cara = the face Julio shaves his face

12 ¿Qué hacen los niños antes de dormir? Cepillarse = To brush oneself Los dientes = The teeth Los niños se cepillan los dientes The children brush their teeth. Before sleeping

13 In the negative form, “no” is placed before the reflexive pronoun Tú no te lavas las manos. Elena no se despierta en el comedor. No nos cepillamos los dientes con esa pasta dentífrica. You don’t wash your hands. Elena doesn’t wake up in the dining room. We don’t brush our teeth with that toothpaste.

14 Many verbs can be used with reflexive pronouns. Often the reflexive pronoun gives a different meaning to the verb. María pone el perfume en la bolsa. María se pone perfume. María duerme ocho horas. María se duerme en seguida. María llama a Carlos. Ella se llama Maria. María levanta la ventana. María se levanta. Mary puts the perfume in the bag. Mary puts on the pefume. Mary sleeps eight hours. Mary falls asleep right away. Mary calls Carlos. She calls herself Mary (her name is Mary) Mary raises up the window. Mary gets up.

15 I. Decide which form the verb is the correct form (reflexive or not). Then Translate. 1. Ella (lava / se lava) las manos. 2. Juan (se despierta / despierta) a su hermano. 3. Yo (cepillo / me cepillo) los dientes. 4. Ella (pone / se pone) los zapatos. 5. Ella (baña / se baña) a su bebé. She washes her hands.(Se lava) Juan wakes up his brother. (despierta) I brush my teeth. She puts on her shoes. (se pone) She bathes her baby. (baña)

16 II. ¿Qué significan en inglés? (use your R4 vocabulary sheet for help) 6. Me lavo el pelo con un tipo de champú muy caro. I wash my hair with an expensive type of shampoo. 7. ¿Qué ropa te pones hoy? What clothing do you put on/are you putting on today? 8. Juan sólo se lava los pies una vez cada año. Juan only washes his feet once every year. 9. ¿Cuántas veces te lavas las manos cada semana? How many times do you wash your hands each/every week? 10. Los niños se lavan las manos con jabón y agua caliente antes de comer The kids wash their hands with soap and hot water before eating. 11. Marta se lava el pelo con champú pero sin crema suavizante. Marta washes her hair with shampoo but without conditioner.

17 III. ¡A practicar! Escribe el verbo reflexivo. 12. Ana ___ _______ el pelo con champú. (lavarse) 13. Mi hermana y yo ___ ________ las manos antes de comer. (lavarse) 14. ¿___ _________ usted la crema suavizante después del champú? (ponerse) 15. Cada mañana, ____ _______ el pelo y el cuerpo antes de ir a la escuela. (lavarse) 16. Mis padres ___ __________ los zapatos antes de ir al trabajo. (ponerse) 17. ¿____ ________ tú el pelo por la noche o por la mañana? (lavarse) 18. Pablo ___ ______ las pijamas antes de dormir. (ponerse) 19. Enrique y Jorge ____ ________ las manos después de jugar en el parque. (lavarse) 20. ¿Qué tipo de champú ___ ____________ en el pelo? Es muy bonito (ponerse) 21. Yo ___ _________ perfume después de lavarme el cuerpo. (ponerse) se lava nos lavamos Se pone me lavo se ponen Te lavas se pone se lavan te pones me pongo

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19 In Spanish when you refer to parts of the body and articles of clothing, you use el, la, los, las, not mi, su, sus, etc. Él se lava la cara. Yo me cepillo los dientes Tú te cepillas el pelo. He washes his (the) face. I brush my (the) teeth. You brush your (the) hair. Ella se afeita las piernas She shaves her (the) legs. Definite Article = el/la/los/las

20 SAYING BEFORE/AFTER __(VERB)_ING…. To say “before __(verb) ing” or “before I ___(verb)____”, you need to say “antes de” + (infinitive verb) Example: Antes de comer, me lavo la cara. (Before eating/Before I eat, I wash my face.) To say “after __(verb) ing” or “after I ___(verb)____”, you need to say “después de” + (infinitive verb) Example: Después de comer, me ducho. (After eating/After I eat, I take a shower)

21 SAYING BEFORE/AFTER __(VERB)_ING WITH REFLEXIVE VERBS To say “before ____ing” or “after ___ing” with a REFLEXIVE VERB, you add the indirect object (me, te, nos, etc.) of who is doing the action at the END of the infinitive verb. Example: Antes de lavarme la cara, me cepillo los dientes. (Before washing my face/Before I wash my face, I brush my teeth.) Example: ¿Te afeitas después de ducharte? (Do you shave after taking/after you take a shower?)

22 TWO VERBS NEXT TO ONE ANOTHER When you have two verbs next to one another, the second verb always ends in –R (the verb remains in the infinitive). Examples: Quiero ir a Hawaii. ¿Necesitas estudiar para el examen? (I want to go to Hawaii) (Do you need to study for the test?) When the second verb is REFLEXIVE, you add the indirect object (me, te, nos, etc.) of who is doing the action at the END of the infinitive reflexive verb. Examples: Quiero ducharme. ¿Necesitas lavarte las manos? (I want to shower)(Do you need to wash your hands?)

23 LE VS. SE LE/LES vs. SE: when you see the indirect object ‘le’ or ‘les’ you are doing the verb to SOMEONE ELSE. When you see ‘se’ the person is doing the verb to HIM/HERSELF. Examples: (Yo) le despierto (a mi hermana).  I wake her up (my sister). Ella se despierta  She wakes up. (she does this to herself) (Yo) les despierto (a mis hermanas).  I wake them up (my sisters). Ellas se despiertan temprano  They wake up early. (they do this to themselves)

24 ¡A practicar! ¿Cómo se dice? 1. I wash my hair. (lavarse) Me lavo el pelo. 2. We brush our teeth. (cepillarse) Nos cepillamos los dientes. 3. Miguel doesn’t wash his hands before eating. (lavarse, comer) Miguel no se baña antes de comer. 4. After washing my face, I put on my shoes. (lavarse, ponerse) Después de lavarme la cara, me pongo los zapatos. 5. After getting ready, Martha leaves. (arreglarse, irse) Después de arreglarme, Marta se va.

25 FIN