1 NORTH CAROLINA US History REVIEW Instructions for use: A) click mouse and a question will appear with possible answers. B) select your answer and click on it. C) you will be shown the correct answer. D) click again and the next question will appear There are approximately 200 prompts in the review, if you can not finish the review in one setting use the scroll bar to remember where you left off.

2 What is the site of the first successful English colony?A) Jamestown B) Roanoke Island C) Plymouth D) Charleston

3 What was the reason that the English colonist succeeded in becoming the ruling power in America?A)The English started colonizing before Spain and France. B)Neither France or Spain were as aggressive as the English C)English settlers were interested in establishing permanent settlements. D)The English found more gold than the Spanish or French

4 What saved the Jamestown colony from failure?A)The importing of black slaves B) The cultivation of tobacco C)a religious revival D)Help from the Indians

5 Which colonies would most likely have access to good harbors but be limited by rocky soil?A)New York and New Jersey B) Virginia and North Carolina C) Massachusetts and Rhode Island D) Connecticut and Georgia

6 Which colonies would most likely have staple crops and large plantations?A)New Jersey and Maryland B)New York and Delaware C) Massachusetts and Connecticut D)Virginia and South Carolina

7 The most important cash crop of the Southern colonies was?A)corn B) tobacco C) cotton D) rice

8 Which group of documents best demonstrates the desire among colonists for self government?A) Mayflower Compact, Of Plymouth Plantations, Common Sense B)Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, New England Primer, Maryland Act of Toleration C) Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Maryland Act of Toleration, New England Primer D) Mayflower Compact, Albany Plan of Union, Declaration of Independence

9 The Virginia House of Burgesses marked and important precedent because itA) Failed B) was abolished by James I C) was the first representative government in the colonies D) forced James I to revoke the colony’s royal charter and grant it self-government.

10 What was the original purpose of the Constitutional Convention?A) Revise the Constitution B) Revise the Articles of Confederation C) Revise the Mayflower Compact D) Revise the Declaration of Independence

11 The 13 original state governments had all of the following, except:A) Monarchs B) Bill of Rights C) Legislative Branches D) Executive Branches

12 Which of the following men first stated, “All men are created equal”:A) George Washington B) Jean Jacque Rousseau C) Thomas Jefferson D) John Locke

13 What state did not send a delegate to the Constitutional Convention?A) North Carolina B) Delaware C) New York D) Rhode Island

14 How did the Puritans treat other groups who settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?A) Although persecuted themselves, the Puritans accepted other Protestants but not Roman Catholics or Quakers. B) The Puritans did not accept other groups into the colony, even after being persecuted themselves in England. C) The Puritans accepted and converted Native Americans who lived in the region. D) The Puritans accepted French Huguenots at first, but later forced them to leave.

15 Colonial legislatures were often able to bend the power of the governors to their will because:A) The governors often had a greater sense of loyalty to their colony than to the king. B) The governors were usually chosen by colonial legislatures and could be removed from office by the legislatures. C) Colonial legislatures controlled taxes and expenditures that paid the governor’s salaries. D) The king generally held the view of colonial legislatures in higher regard than those of the governors.

16 The religious group which was against war and slavery was theA. Puritans B) Separatists C) Quakers D) Anglicans

17 Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams helped establish the principle of :A) Freedom of the press B) Freedom of religion C) Free education D) Representative government

18 The jury decision in the John Peter Zenger case led toA) Freedom of the Press B) Freedom of trade C) Freedom of religion D) Freedom of assembly

19 The early colonist who worked for a specified number of years in exchange for their passage to America were called: A) slaves B) patrons C) sharecroppers D) Indentured servants

20 The chief occupation of most American colonists was:A) manufacturing B) farming C) shipping D) fishing

21 Following the economic theory of mercantilism, England believed its colonies existed to :A) Provide raw materials that could not be found in the home country B) Provide English settlers with political freedom C) Provide English settlers with religious freedom D) Enhance English prestige with the acquisition of territory

22 The exchange of rum, molasses and slaves for manufactured products between the colonies, the West Indies, and Africa became known as A) mercantilism B) The Navigation Acts C) French-American Trade Agreement D) Triangular trade

23 The French and Indian War resulted in a conflict overA) French control over the St. Lawrence River B) The turning over of the Louisiana Territory to the British C) The French occupation of the Ohio River Valley D) French trade agreements with the Huron Indians

24 With the British and American victory during the French and Indian War,A) The American colonies grew closer to Britain B) A new spirit of independence arose. C) The Americans now feared the Spanish D) Indians never again launched deadly attacks against whites.

25 The American colonists objected to Parliament’s taxesA) Only after the King closed the port of Boston B) because taxes were excessively high C) Until William Pitt became Prime Minister D) Because they believed only the colonial assemblies could tax.

26 The Intolerable Acts were passed as a result of theA) Boston Massacre B) Boston Tea Party C) Writs of Assistance D) Stamp Act Congress

27 In the pamphlet titled “Common Sense”, Thomas Paine urges Americans toA) Boycott British goods, especially tea B) Petition the King for colonial representation in Parliament C) Begin a system of communication within the colonies about threats to American liberties. D) To declare their independence from England and create their own country.

28 The Declaration of Independence is based on the idea thatA) English laws are bad and no one needs to follow them. B) Men have the right to punish those who have abused them. C) People do not have to follow any law that they do not like. D) People are entitled to certain rights that no one can take away from them.

29 The Enlightenment philosopher who most influenced the colonial leaders wasA) Jean Jacques Rouseau B) Baron de Montesquieu C) John Locke D) Thomas Paine

30 If the Battle of Lexington and Concord was the immediate cause of the beginning of the American Revolution, what was the long-term cause? A) The ideas of the Enlightenment studied by the colonial leaders B) The many taxes that caused a hardship for the colonials C) The English colonists’ desire for independence from England’s tyrannical and self-serving rule D) The lack of a colonial representation in Parliament

31 The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point for the patriot forces because itA) Led to an alliance between the Americans and the French B) Taught General Burgoyne how to lead an expedition through the forests C) Taught the British how to fight in the countryside instead of on the coast. D) Caused the British so many losses that it weakened the English Army

32 The American Revolution resulted in all of the following except:A) The end of British mercantilist restrictions B) Economic problems C) Recognition of the US as a world power D) The recognition of the new independent United States of America

33 After eleven years it became obvious that the Articles of Confederation were not successful because:A) It was a different kind of government B) Too much power was given to a central government C) Not enough power was given to a central government D) It favored some states over others

34 What was the positive result of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?A) Resolved problems of representation between small and large states B) Established an orderly procedure for creating new states C) Addressed the problem of slavery in the northern states D) Settled the boundary between the northwestern states and Canada

35 The Constitution divides power between states and the federal government. This is called:A) Communism B) Republicanism C) Federalism D) Democracy

36 The Federalist Papers were publishedA) To urge voters to reject the Constitution B) To suggest ways the Articles of Confederation could be improved. C) To urge voters to ratify the Constitution. D) To suggest a way to amend the Constitution.

37 Several states refused to ratify the Constitution unless:A) The President was elected by the people B) The Mayflower compact was repealed C) A list of rights protecting liberties was added D) There was a prohibition on taxes

38 The Electoral College Compromise dealt with which of the following:A) representation in Congress B) Slave trade C) Counting population D) Choosing the President

39 What was the cause of “Shay’s Rebellion”?A) High taxes B) Unequal representation C) Freedom of Speech D) Right to bear arms

40 The final version of the Constitution is the result ofA) Washington’s Veto B) Thomas Jefferson’s writings C) Many compromises D) The work of the electoral college

41 Most of the conflicts between whites and Indians on the frontier were overA) The rights to use the Mississippi River B) Disease spread by the white settlers C) Religious differences D) Control and ownership of land

42 The first incident in which the Constitution proved its strength and power to enforce the laws was the A) Negotiation of Jay’s Treaty B) Whiskey Rebellion C) XYZ Affair D) Battle of Tippecanoe

43 The first two political parties were formed as a result of the controversy between which two leaders? A) Washington and Hamilton B) Madison and Jefferson C) Hamilton and Jefferson D) Washington and Madison

44 Which of the following did the Constitutional Convention NOT come up with?A) Bicameral legislature B) Bill of rights C) Judicial Branch D) Executive Branch

45 Alexander Hamilton’s financial program including the Bank of the United States seemed to favor which group of Americans? A) Southern Farmers B) Northern Businessmen C) Western frontiersmen D) East Coast Fishermen

46 Which of the following compromises dealt with representation in the national Congress?A) Electoral College B) Connecticut C) Slave trade D) 3/5

47 Which of the following court cases established governments practice of separate but equalA) Plessy v Ferguson B) Rust v Sullivan C) Korematsu v. U.S. D) Marbury v. Madison

48 What was President Washington’s response when Great Britain and France went to war against each other? A) He issued the Monroe Doctrine B) He allowed France to use American ports C) He declared the Proclamation of Neutrality D) He declared war on Great Britain

49 In George Washington’s Farwell Address, he warned against all of the following exceptA) Foreign alliances B) Formation of political parties C) Engaging in Europe matters D) Building of colleges

50 The Judiciary Act of 1801 and so called “midnight judges” were an attempt by the Federalists toA) Weaken the Judicial branch of the government B) Support of the policies of the incoming President, Thomas Jefferson C) Prolong their power by increasing their hold on the judiciary D) Do away with the Alien and Sedition Acts

51 When a local party organization becomes very powerful, it is sometimes referred to as a_________________ . A) Political machine B) Convention C) Caucus D) none of the above

52 In the 1803 the United States suddenly doubled its size whenA) It seized Louisiana from the Spanish empire B) It bought Louisiana from Napoleon of France for $15 million C) Daniel Boone cleared a road through a gap in eastern Tennessee called the Wilderness Road D) It bought Louisiana from Spain for $15 million

53 What is the most significant result of the Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803)?A) Declared slavery open in all states B) Limited the power of individual states C) Expanded the power of the Bill of Rights D) Established the Supreme Courts right to exercise judicial review

54 The case of McCullough vThe case of McCullough v. Maryland declared that _____________ was constitutional A) The National bank B) Interstate trade C) Westward expansion D) The Fugitive Slave Law

55 Which of the following is the main reason the US declared war on Great Britain during the War of 1812 A) Embargo Act, Proclamation of Neutrality, and War Hawks B) Indian relations, national pride, and War Hawks C) Treaty of Paris (1763) violations D) Treaty of Paris (1783) violations

56 A group of young Congressmen called The War Hawks wanted toA) Declare war against France B) Work out a new treaty with the Indians C) Remove the Indians and declare war against England D) Wipe out the Federalist party

57 Francis Scott Key was inspired to write “The Star–Spangled Banner” by theA) American victory at New Orleans B) Triumphs of Old Ironside C) Signing of the Treaty of Ghent D) Defense of Baltimore at Fort McHenry

58 As a result of the War of 1812, the USA) Became more dependent on Great Britain B) Lost some of its national pride C) Became less dependent on Europe D) Gained land in Canada and Florida

59 Under the Treaty of Ghent, the United States and Great Britain agreed toA) Keep warships off the Great Lakes B) Leave the Canadian boundary unfortified C) Establish joint control over the Oregon Country D) Resume peaceful relation

60 The nationalism during the War of 1812 is most clearly evident in theA) Appointment of John Marshall as Chief Justice B) Support for the Hartford Convention C) Support for the protective tariff D) Refusal to purchase Florida

61 The issue of slavery in the Louisiana Purchase was settled by the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which declared that A) Maine and Missouri would come in as slave states, but from then on all states would be free B) Maine would come in as a free and Missouri as a slave state, from then on the settlers would vote to decide which they wanted to be C) Both Maine and Missouri would hold an election to decide whether they wanted to be a slave state or free D) Maine would come in as a free state and Missouri as a slave state and that the rest of the territory would be divided between slave and free states by the 36 30’ line

62 The Monroe Doctrine issued in 1823 by James Monroe was an expression of United States’ expanding nationalism when Monroe A) Warned all European powers not to interfere with the affairs in the Western hemisphere B) Warned Napoleon to withdraw from his occupation of Spain and Portugal C) Told Mexico and Cuba that the United States intended to take over their countries D) Took over the Isthmus of Panama in order to build a short route between the Atlantic and the Pacific

63 Why did the Tariff of Abominations, passed in 1828, so enrage the Southerners?A) Because it favored imported goods from Britain B) Because it was passed over the protests of President John Quincy Adams C) Because the tariff was too high D) Because it favored manufacturing in the northeast at the expense of southern agriculture

64 The Tariff of Abominations resulted in which of the following?A) The Monroe Doctrine B) Religious revivals C) The concept of nullification D) Establishment of labor unions

65 As a result of President Jackson’s policy, most Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River A) Lost the right to vote B) Gained the right to sue in court C) Were forced to give up land D) Supported Jackson in his reelection

66 What is the modern-day equivalent of the Kitchen Cabinet?A) The Diplomatic Corps B) The President’s personal advisors C) The Central Intelligence Agency D) The Senate Foreign Relations Committee

67 The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions stated the position of a group of people who were seeking equal rights for A) People without property B) women C) immigrants D) Freed slaves

68 What term best describes why Americans felt justified in expanding its territory from on coast to the other? A) Manifest destiny B) Trail of Tears C) Territorial expansion D) Tariff of Abominations

69 The immediate cause of the Mexican War wasA) A debt owed by Mexico to the American government B) The movement of American settlers into Mexican territory C) A revolution in Mexico between the Mexican rebels and Spain D) A dispute over the southern boundary of Texas

70 All of the following were reasons Americans went west except forA) Gold and silver B) Factory work C) farmland D) Religious freedom

71 The acquisition of territory that gave the US ownership of land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean was the A) Mexican Cession B) Louisiana Purchase C) Gadsden Purchase D) Texas annexation

72 One agent of the Underground Railroad, often called “The Moses of her People,” wasA) Elizabeth Stanton B) Elizabeth Blackwell C) Harriet Tubman D) Harriet Beecher Stowe

73 The American Temperance Union called for an end toA) The North’s interfering in the affairs of the South B) The excessive use of alcoholic beverages C) Domestic violence and injustices against women D) The abuse of the mentally ill in prison

74 Many Southerners strongly defended slavery becauseA) Slaves were needed to build the South’s transportation system B) The Southern economy was based on slave labor C) Immigrants were not willing to work on plantations D) Slaves were needed to work on small southern farms

75 The term “popular sovereignty” refers to resolving the slave issue byA) A referendum in all slave states B) Elections in Texas and California C) A territorial election in the western territories D) A vote in the House of Representatives

76 “Bleeding Kansas” refers to the mid-century violence in the state of Kansas over:A) Native American land rights B) A high protective tariff that hurt the South C) Slavery in the new states D) Voting rights of non-property owners

77 In the Supreme Court case of Dred Scott vIn the Supreme Court case of Dred Scott v. Sanford (1856), Chief Justice Roger B. Taney expressed all of the following ideas except A) Slaves are property B) Masters can take slaves anywhere C) The Fugitive Slave Law is unconstitutional D) The Missouri compromise is unconstitutional

78 The event causing the first southern states to secede from the Union wasA) The Dred Scott Decision B) John Brown’s raid C) Lincoln’s election as president D) The Kansas-Nebraska Act

79 President Lincoln’s goal, after the Election of 1860 was toA) Abolish slavery B) Preserve the Union C) Defeat the Confederacy D) Leave slavery alone

80 Which of the following was a Confederate advantage at the beginning of the Civil War?A) More factories and people B) More help from France C) More experienced generals D) More miles of railroad

81 The purpose of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution was toA) Help black Americans achieve equal rights B) Keep black Americans as slaves C) End Reconstruction in the South D) Ease the burden of Reconstruction on white Southerners

82 The black codes developed by the southern states were designed toA) Help former slaves obtain farmland B) Help former slaves receive an education C) Keep freed slaves subordinate to whites D) Require freed slaves to vote for southern candidates

83 General Winfield Scott’s “Anaconda Plan” involved all of the following exceptA) Blockading Confederate ports B) Dividing the Confederacy into three theaters of war C) Gaining control of the Mississippi River and of New Orleans D) Pushing north to capture Washington, D.C.

84 Which battle, fought in July 1863, was a turning point of the Civil War?A) Fredericksburg B) Vicksburg C) Pittsburgh D) Gettysburg

85 Lincoln’s plan fro Reconstruction was:A) A hope of peace without bitterness and a restoration of southern economic and political rights B) Harsh treatment of the South, both economically and politically C) Vague because he did not have time to develop his plan D) Harsh politically, but economically easy

86 Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction was:A) Harsh and similar to the Radical Republican’s plan B) The same as Lincoln’s plan C) A reflection of the demands of the southern states D) Harsher than Lincoln’s, but far short of what was demanded by the Radical Republicans

87 Which of the following statements characterized big business in the US during the “New Industrial Age”, (approx )? A) Demand for government action to end immigration B) Pressure exerted on government to create economic stability C) Use of organizational power to control market prices and eliminate competition D) Opposition to the introduction of labor saving devices

88 During the Gilded Age, many Americans opposed trusts becameA) Trusts could destroy small companies B) Trusts increased competition among businesses C) Trusts allowed foreign investments D) Unemployment in the cities increased

89 The court case Brown v. Board of Education dealt with which of the following:A) 1st Amendment B) 2nd Amendment C) 5th Amendment D) 14th Amendment

90 The Interstate Commerce Act was the government’s response to the problems ofA) farmers B) railroads C) Factory workers D) immigrants

91 The purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act was to stop the growth ofA) Government regulations B) railroads C) monopolies D) Holding companies

92 All of the following were demands of early labor unions exceptA) Higher wages B) Better living conditions C) A shorter workday D) Increased use of unskilled workers

93 In the early 1900’s newly arrived immigrants usually workedA) In skilled trades B) At the lowest paying jobs C) For higher pay than other Americans D) On small farms in the South

94 Bosses in big-city political machines got votes for their candidates byA) Stealing from immigrants B) Ignoring immigrants C) Criticizing immigrants D) Helping immigrants

95 The Jim Crow Laws passed by southern legislatures were designed to segregate blacks socially. In 1896, the Supreme Court supported such laws in the case of: A) Munn v. Illinois B) The Sherman Antitrust Act C) Brown v. Topeka, Kansas D) Plessy v. Ferguson

96 As a leader of the black community, Booker TAs a leader of the black community, Booker T. Washington, did al of the following except A) Advocated social equality B) Helped found the NAACP C) Discovered hundreds of uses for he peanut D) Grudgingly agreed to segregation

97 The Homestead Act of 1862, completion of the transcontinental railroad, ranching and “dry farming” all helped shift part of the population of the US by A) Forcing conditions of over-crowding in Northeast cities B) Aiding in economic “reconstruction” of the South C) Aiding in the settlement of the Great Plains D) Shifting opportunities away from the New England States

98 Improvements in communication and transportation in the late 1800s were important because:A) It became more comfortable to travel B) The telegraph made it possible to have more efficient trains C) The telephone allowed families to stay in touch D) Inventions created new industries

99 Innovations that spurred industrial growth led to the creation of large fortunes. Some philosophers applied the survival of the fittest theory to defend the accumulation of wealth by individuals. This theory was called: A) Laissez-faire B) Social Darwinism C) The Trustee of Wealth Theory D) The American Plan

100 The goal of the progressive movement wasA) Isolationism from Europe B) Growth of industry C) Reform of government D) Prohibition of alcohol

101 Journalists who kept the public informed of wrongdoings in business and government were known asA) muckrakers B) consumers C) Yellow journalists D) populists

102 All of the following are examples of muckraking journalism exceptA) Ida Tarbell’s History of the Standard Oil Company B) Lincoln Steffen’s The Shame of the Cities C) Russell Conwell’s Acres of Diamonds D) Jacob Riis’ How the Other Half Lives

103 During the Presidency of Woodrow Wilson the government finally passed effective antitrust legislation in the form of the A) Sherman Antirust Act B) Underwood-Simmons Act C) Mann-Elkins Act D) Clayton Act

104 After 1898, how did the need for markets affect the United StatesA) Eliminated poverty in the cities B) Improved economic growth and political prestige in world affairs C) Decreased concern for minority and women’s rights D) Limited involvement in world affairs

105 All of the following were reasons given by American imperialists for US involvement in foreign lands except A) To Christianize and civilize natives B) To gain ports to improve US naval power C) To spread the ideas of democracy D) To slow immigration to the US

106 What was the common purpose of the Open Door Policy?A) To prevent Europe from taking over islands in the Pacific Ocean B) To prevent European powers from gaining an unfair advantage in China C) To promote good will among all nations D) To give America an advantage in gaining trading routes to Asia

107 All of the following were colonial acquisitions in the late 1800s exceptA) Cuba B) Alaska C) Hawaii D) Samoa

108 An important result of the Spanish-American War was that itA) Increased tension between the US and Russia B) Forced Spain to recognize the Monroe Doctrine C) Strengthened American control over the Caribbean D) Made the US a leader of the “free world”

109 By the treaty ending the Spanish-American War the US acquiredA) Puerto Rico B) Guam C) Philippines D) All of the above

110 Theodore Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” policy was directed at countries in theA) Caribbean B) Far East C) Western Hemisphere D) Soviet Union

111 President Taft’s foreign policy was most closely associated with the termA) Watchful waiting B) Dollar diplomacy C) Moral diplomacy D) nonintervention and noncolonization

112 The immediate cause of World War I wasA) An Austro-Hungarian archduke and his wife were assassinated B) A strike by Serbians led to a violent riot C) An Austro-Hungarian archduke and his wife murdered a Serbian D) Serbians refused to salute the Austro-Hungarian flag

113 Before the US entry into World War I, American opposition to Germany increased because of Germany’sA) Invasion of France by German troops B) Continued unrestricted submarine attacks on US ships C) Kidnapping and murder of American diplomats in Germany D) Refusal to purchase American goods

114 President Wilson convinced the American people to enter World War I by doing which of the following?A) Appealing to our tradition of helping Great Britain in her times of need B) Promising to have the troops home for Christmas C) Convincing Americans that we would soon be attacked by Germany D) Pledging to fight “a war to end all wars” and “make the world safe for democracy”

115 All of the following are reasons why the US entered World War I exceptA) The increasing threat to trade by the Allied Powers B) The renewal of unrestricted submarine warfare by the Germans C) A natural desire to assure victory by the Allies D) The collapse of Russia which made Wilson fear Germany would win

116 The only point of the Fourteen Points that Wilson successfully saved was the provisionA) For a new state of Poland B) For a League of Nations C) For Germany to accept responsibility for the war D) For the total disarmament of Germany

117 After World War I, which of the following influences did we see dominate American political thinkingA) internationalist, pro civil rights, and pro business B) isolationist, pro civil rights, and anti-business C) isolationist, anti-immigration, and pro business D) internationalist, anti-immigration, and anti-business

118 In the 1920s the United States experienced which of the following?A) A period of great prosperity B) A new period of isolationism C) A Red Scare D) All of the above

119 The prosperity of the 1920s was due to all of the following exceptA) Installment buying B) Mass merchandising C) Mass production D) Higher prices for agricultural staples

120 The term “flappers” was used to describe theA) Guns used by gangsters during the 1920s B) “new” women of the 1920s C) Blacks who moved North in search of jobs D) Model T automobile

121 Religious fundamentalism was an issue in theA) Arbuckle trial B) Sacco-Vanzetti trial C) Lindbergh trial D) Scopes trial

122 The Harlem Renaissance describesA) The migration of blacks to the North B) Cultural revolution of blacks in America C) A major literary movement by black authors D) The beginning of the Civil Rights Movement

123 The group that suffered the most economically during the prosperous 1920’s was theA) Factory workers B) Movie industry C) immigrants D) Farmers

124 All of the following were important effects of he automobile on America in the 1920s except which one? A) Consumers borrowed more money B) Workers commuted longer distances C) Families traveled more extensively D) Industry experienced oil shortages

125 A wide disregard for the law in the 1920’s was brought about byA) anarchism B) fundamentalism C) prohibition D) The “bonus march”

126 Why was the 1925 Scopes Trial called the greatest challenge to religious fundamentalism in the 1920s? A) Because Scopes was represented by the great defense lawyer, Clarence Darrow B) Because William Jennings Bryan assisted the State of Tennessee in the prosecution C) Because of the extensive press coverage of the trial D) Because Darrow and Bryan made evolution, rather than guilt or innocence, the real issue of the trial

127 One reason for the Stock Market Crash of 1929 was thatA) Many people bought stocks on credit B) Strict government regulations kept many people from buying stocks C) Banks closed and depositors lost their savings D) American manufacturers were forced to lower prices

128 The most urgent task facing President Roosevelt in 1933 wasA) Protecting the nation’s territorial possessions B) Tariff reform C) Keeping the nation out of war D) Relief for the unemployed

129 Which of the following was “new” about the New Deal?A) Increased power of the president in legislation B) First political advertising slogan C) The authority of the executive branch over the judicial branch D) The expanded role of the federal government in the lives of the citizens

130 The Bonus March to Washington DC wasA) A protest of American isolationism B) A plea for an amendment giving women the right to vote C) A demand for and increase in pay for members of the AFT D) A demand for World War I pension payments

131 All of the following were components of the New Deal laws exceptA) A minimum wage B) Bank loans to farmers C) Regulations of the stock exchange D) Lowering of taxes

132 A major criticism of the New Deal was that itA) Greatly increased the size and power of the federal government B) Gave too many benefits to minorities C) Brought about conditions that led to the “dust bowl” D) Relied too much on advice from college professors and business leaders

133 Which conditions are most characteristic of a depressionA) High production and high demand B) Much money in circulation and high stock prices C) Few jobs and little demand D) Supply meeting demand and high unemployment

134 Which event did not occur between the World WarsA) Great Depression B) Great Migration C) Rise of totalitarianism D) Bootlegging and Jazz Age

135 The ___________ of 1928 outlawed war and ordered that all disputes must be settled peacefullyA) non-aggression Pact B) Treaty of Versailles C) Kellogg-Briand Pact D) Washing Conference

136 The Good Neighbor Policy of the U.S. in the 1930’s was directed toA) Canada B) Latin America C) England and France D) Soviet Union

137 The response of the League of Nations to the aggression of warlike countries during the 1930’s was to A) Take military action against the aggressors B) Force the aggressor nations out of the League C) Give military supplies to nations that were being attacked D) protest, but avoid taking military action

138 In 1931, Japan took the first step in building an empire by conqueringA) China B) French Indochina C) Malaya D) Manchuria

139 Totalitarian governments gained control in Germany, Italy, and Japan because of theA) Poor economic conditions B) Spread of communism C) Fear of the military D) Treaty of Versailles

140 How did the worldwide depression of the 1930’s contribute most to the World War II?A) Germans thought other countries were vulnerable B) Dictators were able to gain popular support by promising to solve economic problems C) Europeans became increasingly resentful of United States demands for repayment of World War I debts D) Major world powers were in severe competition for scarce natural resources

141 World War II finally ended the Great Depression becauseA) People were too concerned about the war to worry about the economy B) Roosevelt ordered the New Deal C) Of the great demand for weapons and supplies D) The United States began to purchase more goods from European Nations

142 The US entered World War II afterA) The Germans attacked Great Britain B) Italy controlled the Mediterranean C) The Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor D) France fell to the Germans

143 The __________ policy gave money and supplies to the Allies before the US entered World War II?A) Cash and Carry B) Open Door C) Lend-Lease D) Good Neighbor

144 The Allied Powers of World War II refers to all of the following countries exceptA) France, the United States, and Great Britain B) France, Great Britain, and Italy C) Great Britain, France, and Soviet Union D) Belgium, France, and the United States

145 Turning points for the Allies in World War II refers to all of the following exceptA) El Alamein B) Midway C) Battle of the Bulge D) Stalingrad

146 In the war against Japan in the central Pacific, the United States forcesA) Used the strategy of island hopping B) Took many Japanese prisoners C) Often did not have enough supplies D) Were usually outnumbered

147 The long awaited invasion of France on June 6th 1944 is sometimes calledA) D-day B) V-J day C) V-E day D) F-day

148 A violation of civil rights that occurred in the United States during World War II was theA) Arrests made as a result of the Palmer Raids B) Passage of an open immigration law C) Internment of Japanese Americans D) Forced removal of Native American Indians from their reservations

149 In the US during World War II, the role of women changed at theyA) Were drafted and assigned military roles equal to those held by men B) Continued to work outside the home only in jobs traditionally performed by women C) Made major contributions to the war effort by taking jobs in factories D) Achieved positions of leadership in most major industries

150 As World War II was ending, the US decided to join the United Nations mainly because weA) Sought to meet the American public’s overwhelming demand for free trade B) Wanted to continue to play the same role it had in the League of Nations C) Wanted to stop the growing influence of new independent developing nations D) Recognized that efforts to achieve world peace required United States involvement

151 Which of the following best explains why the United States did not return to isolationism after World War II A) Fear of renewed Japanese aggression B) Lack of leadership in Allied countries C) Threat of Soviet expansion D) American guilt for using the atomic bomb

152 All of the following are associated with American patriotism during World War II exceptA) Victory Gardens B) War Bonds C) hoarding D) Scrap metal drives

153 What was the immediate affect of the end of World War II on American family life?A) Decrease in birth rate B) Baby boom C) Decline in living standards D) Greater family instability

154 The GI Bill benefited veterans in all of the following ways exceptA) Money for college tuition B) Loans in buying a house C) Vocational training D) Exemption from income taxes

155 Which of the following pairs are associated with the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s?A) Sigmund Freud and Ernest Hemingway B) Gertrude Ederle and Rudolph Valentino C) Sinclair Lewis and F. Scott Fitzgerald D) Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen

156 On the Political spectrum Roosevelt’s domestic program for relief, recovery, and reform wasA) At the far left between socialism and communism B) At the far right between conservatism and fascism C) Right of center between moderate and conservative D) Left of center between moderate and liberal

157 In the early 1940’s, the “destroyers-for-military-bases deal” with Great Britain and the Lend-Lease Act were evidence that the United States A) Followed its policy of neutrality more strictly as World War II progressed in Europe B) Recognized that its policy of neutrality conflicted with its self-interests and the interests of our allies C) Believed that the Allied policy of appeasement would succeed D) Wanted to honor the military commitments it had made just after World War I

158 War measures adopted by the U. SWar measures adopted by the U.S. prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor included all of the following except A) Passage of the Lend-Lease Act B) Repeal of the 1939 Neutrality Law C) Assignment of African Americans to integrated army units D) Arming of American merchant vessels to combat Nazi submarines

159 Brown v. Board of Education is a significant Supreme Court Decision becauseA) It reaffirmed the legality of separate but equal schooling for blacks and whites B) It ended segregation of U.S. armed forces C) It ruled that separate schools for blacks and whites were illegal D) It declared bussing to be a legal and necessary option to achieve desegregation of schools

160 Martin Luther King, Jr. was all of these exceptA) A Nobel Prize winner B) An admirer of Mohandes Gandhi in his non-violent protests C) An ordained minister who was jailed sixteen time D) A one time mayor of Atlanta, Georgia

161 Sputnik was launched on October 4, 1957. It wasA) A U.S. initiated space probe B) The first man-made object to orbit the Earth C) A Soviet Union space telescope D) A joint U.S./ Russian communications satellite

162 In July 1969 Neil Armstrong said, “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” Why?A) He was commenting on the progress of the Johnson civil rights acts B) He had just become the first person to land on the moon C) He was commenting on U.S. victory in the Vietnam TET offensive D) He was inspired by Richard Nixon’s announced trip to China

163 U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War can be traced to all of the following exceptA) We were allies of the French and gave economic aid to them after World War II B) We were trying to contain communism and were enthralled by the “domino theory” C) After a nation wide Vietnamese election we were asked to send aid and assistance D) We were very concerned about Ho-Chi-Minh’s support of communism and his pro-Soviet leanings

164 Watergate is all of the following exceptA) The scandal that brought down the Nixon administration B) A hotel/apartment complex in Washington, DC C) The tragic site of a botched burglary attempt by the committee to reelect the president D) The dam in Colorado that’s over-inflated price toppled and led to Nixon’s impeachment

165 The Berlin Airlift was the significant and heroic response by the US toA) The Soviet Union’s attempted blockade of West Berlin B) Anglo/French attempts to speed up German war reparations C) The Soviet Union’s attempts to take over large portions of West Germany D) The German attempt at reviving Nazism after World War II

166 The term “iron curtain” refers to all of the following exceptA) Term coined in speech by Winston Churchill B) The Soviet Union’s attempt to assert its control and create a buffer zone with the west C) The symbol for the distrust between the Soviets and the west due to their felling of betrayal by the Allies during World War II D) President Truman’s attempt to isolate the Soviet Union as exemplified by the Marshall Plan

167 The United States was the first country to recognize Israel becauseA) It was the right thing to do in principle B) The Jewish state would serve as a strong voice of democratic principles in the region C) Israel’s strategic importance in the Middle East and its potential as a natural ally of the US D) All of the above

168 The Iran hostage crises was caused byA) The overthrow of the Shah and creation of a fundamentalist Islamic Republic B) The Discovery of new oil resources coveted by the US C) The Yom Kippur War D) Richard Nixon’s insistence of aid for Iraq

169 The Cuban Missile crisis wasA) The armed US reaction to the tariff on Havana cigars B) The Soviet attempt to place nuclear missile in Cuba C) The creation of a communist state by Fidel Castro 90 mile form Florida D) The exiled Cuban population in Florida clamoring to recapture their homeland

170 The TET offensive in Vietnam was all of the following exceptA) A well engineered strategic plan by General Ngo Vinhgiap (hero of Dien Binh phu) to attack US bases B) An overwhelming defeat of US forces with great US casualties C) An example of careless media reporting which directly led to a feeling that the US was losing the war D) An event which further polarized opinion in the US both for and against the war

171 The civil rights acts of the mid 1960s were intended to accomplish all of the following exceptA) A disenfranchise the black minority in the north B) Serve as an answer to desegregating in the south C) Provide more equality of opportunity for all US citizens D) Correct 100 years of racial injustice linked to ignoring Amendments 13, 14, and 15 to the Constitution after the Civil War

172 How did Senator Joseph McCarthy achieve his fame?A) False accusations against members of the State Department B) Running for president against Harry S. Truman in 1948 C) His use of the press to further Democratic goals D) His opposition to the Korean War

173 The President who issued the executive order integrated the armed forces wasA) John F. Kennedy B) Harry S Truman C) Lyndon B Johnson D) Dwight D Eisenhower

174 Voting patterns in the post World War II era strongly suggest thatA) African Americans and young people vote often B) African Americans vote Republican C) Most labor unions support the Republican party D) Citizens over age fifty vote more often than other groups

175 Which president never won a presidential election?A) Richard Nixon B) Gerald Ford C) George Bush D) William Clinton

176 The government health program for the elderly is calledA) Peace Corps B) Alliance for progress C) Medicare D) Medicaid

177 Geraldine Ferraro was A) A senator from Maine B) The first female candidate for Vice President of the U.S. C) Head of Carlos Gambino’s mob family D) Founder of the Women’s Rights movement

178 Television is largely responsible for all of the following exceptA) A deepening protest of the Vietnam War B) Exposing the racial injustices during the 1960’s Civil Rights movement C) An increase in American enthusiasm for sports D) Electing several of our most recent presidents

179 The computer is revolutionizing which area?A) Business-the stock market B) education-learning C) Social-media and discourse D) All of the above

180 All of the following were leaders in the 1960s civil rights movement exceptA) Martin Luther King B) Medgar Evers C) Bill Gates D) Andrew Young

181 In which president’s administration did the following events occur: escalation of Vietnam War; civil rights legislation; Malcom X, Bobby Kennedy, and Martin Luther King assassinations A) Gerald Ford B) Richard Nixon C) Jimmy Carter D) Lyndon Johnson

182 The breakdown of the family in the last thirty years has been caused by all of the following exceptA) High birth rates to unwed mothers B) Moving of people to rural areas C) Necessity for two income families D) divorce

183 The Iran-Contra controversy during the Reagan administration related toA) The Naval build-up to bring down the “evil empire” Soviet Union B) A misguided attempt to trade arms for hostages C) Reagan’s attempt to support Iraq against Iran D) Reagan’s supply side economic plan for the Middle East

184 The Long Hot Summer’s race riots in Newark, Detroit, Los Angeles, and other US cities was a direct result of A) The Vietnam War B) The election of Richard Nixon C) Poverty and inequity long inherent in the black city environment D) Lyndon Johnson’s failure to support civil rights legislation

185 The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was voided by the War Powers ResolutionThe Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was voided by the War Powers Resolution. This is an example of A) Checks and balances B) Judicial review C) federalism D) An amendment

186 Long gas lines, high inflation, and high interest rates occurred during which presidencyA) Jimmy Carter’s B) Ronald Reagan’s C) John F Kennedy’s D) Richard Nixon’s

187 One of the most significant deterrents to nuclear war during the Cold War wasA) Numerous peace conferences with the Soviet Union B) The United Nations C) The vast number and sheer destructive power of the nuclear weapons D) Other great powers serving as intermediaries

188 The United Nations has supported the US in all of the following exceptA) Bosnian peace keeping B) Korean War C) Gulf War D) Vietnam War

189 Colin Powell is famous for which of the followingA) Harlem Congressman who was censured by House of Representatives officials B) Vietnam draft resistor and heir to Martin Luther King’s non-violent philosophy C) First African-American chairman of joint chiefs of staff D) First African-American astronaut

190 Sally Ride is known for achievements in which fieldA) aeronautics B) innovations C) politics D) business

191 Thurgood Marshall achieved his fame asA) The lawyer who argued Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka before the US Supreme Court B) Early civil rights spokesman and leader C) First African American Supreme Court Justice D) All of the above

192 The Democratic convention in Chicago in 1968 is famous forA) Protests and riots over the Vietnam War B) The re-nomination of Lyndon B Johnson C) Racial riots D) The nomination of Richard Nixon as the party candidtae

193 A social trend in the United States that has been increasing in the last forty years isA) The growth of the Libertarian Party B) A movement of people into the city C) A new wave of immigration from northern and western Europe D) A movement of people into suburbia

194 The largest population growth in the United States in the 1990s has been inA) The Northeast B) The Midwest C) The South and Southwest D) The West

195 All of the following are social trends that have increased in the last quarter of the twentieth century except A) Crime, especially violent crime, as an important issue to Americans B) A rising African American middle class C) An increase in immigration of Asian and Hispanics D) An increase in poverty throughout the nation

196 Famous occurrences during the Vietnam War included all of the following exceptA) Gulf of Tonkin incident and resolution B) National Guard shooting, student protests at Kent State C) The intervention of the Chinese across the demilitarized zone D) The TET offensive

197 Apollo, Mercury, and Voyager, Gemini and Pioneer are allA) US computer invention B) New technological inventions C) Names of NASA programs and US space crafts D) Joint US/Soviet exploration of space initiatives

198 The Camp David agreement was the significant achievement of Jimmy Carter’s presidency. It was a settlement between Menachem Begin of Israel and Anwar Sadat of A) Syria B) Saudi Arabia C) Lebanon D) Egypt

199 In 1976 celebrations occurred throughout the United States becauseA) The Red Sox and Cubs finally made the World Series B) The US won the Olympics C) It was our bicentennial year D) The Vietnam War officially ended

200 In 1981 Sandra Day O’Connor achieved her place in history because sheA) Became the first female governor of California B) Became the first female Justice on the US Supreme Court C) Became the first female astronaut D) Became the first female head of a major US company

201 President Ford created controversy by pardoning Richard NixonPresident Ford created controversy by pardoning Richard Nixon. Who did Jimmy Carter pardon in 1977 that caused him difficulties? A) Spiro Agnew B) The Watergate “plumbers” C) Mob leader John Gotti D) Vietnam War draft evaders

202 Woodstock became famous in 1969 because it wasA) The biggest peace demonstration ever held in the US B) The largest music festival ever held in the US C) The largest civil rights protest march D) The site of the women’s rights movement congerence

203 Who was Rosa Parks? A) The woman who started the first company owned and managed solely by a woman B) The first female cadet at West Point C) The woman who started the boycott of Montgomery, Alabama bus lines D) The woman whose tapes led to the downfall of Richard Nixon

204 The significant Twenty Second Amendment to the Constitution was enacted in 1951A) The US getting involved in Korea without a declaration of war B) Martin Luther King’s peaceful protest marches C) Ronald Reagan running for a third term D) Richard Nixon’s impeachment

205 To what does this cynical post World War II jingle refer: “There will always be a USA, If we don’t give it away.” A) The “Trickle Down” Theory B) Domino Theory C) Perkins Plan D) Marshall Plan

206 Generally, when did the Cold War begin?A) just after the Russian Revolution B) When Communist came to power in China C) When the Berlin Wall was constructed D) Just after WWII

207 Which problem most likely cause the US space program to reconsider its direction in the 1980’s?A) Space exploration costs B) The Challenger explosion C) The Hubble Space telescope performance D) Political posture of the Presidents during the 1980’s

208 Which is a major difference between immigration to the US during the period of and immigration since 1970? A) The primary areas of origin have changed dramatically B) Immigrants today are not likely to experience discrimination. C) There is a greater need for unskilled labor D) Today’s immigrants tend to be middle-class

209 How did the invention of the atom bomb affect the post war world?A) European nations were afraid to stand up to US aggression B) The UN become symbolic, having no real power C) The Japanese continued to defy the US D) An arms raced developed between the US and USSR.

210 The Three-Mile Island incident wasA) A near nuclear reactor disaster in Pennsylvania B) C) D)

211 A)