1 Notes #9 Review of all Tenses Descubre 2

2 Warm-up Hehemos Hasx Hahan 1. What does He, has, ha, hemos, han mean? I have, you have, he or she has, we have, they have 2. When do you use the Present perfect tense? When you are talking about a recent past or to say it has already been done. What are the 5 present perfect participle helping verbs

3 Warm-up Habiahabiamos Habiasx Habiahabian 1. What does habia, habias, habia, habiamos, habian mean? I had, you had, he or she had, we had, they had 2. When do you use the Past perfect tense? When you are talking about a past action that precedes another past action in the past. 3. What words are used with the past perfect to indicate past actions? Ya, antes de, despues, cuando, nunca, en cuanto, para cuando What are the 5 past perfect participle helping verbs

4 Warm-up/these questions are on the vocab quiz/ know them! 1.What are the 5 forms of the Present Perfect helping verbs? Yo _____, Tú ______, Él /Ella/Usted______, Ellos/Ellas ______, Nosotros ___________ 2.What are the 5 forms of the Past Perfect helping verbs? Yo _____, Tú ______, Él /Ella/Usted______, Ellos/Ellas ______, Nosotros ___________ 3. When do you use the Present Perfect tense? 4. When do you use the Past Perfect tense?

5 Warm-up/these questions are on the vocab quiz/ know them! 1. What are the 5 forms of the Present Perfect helping verbs? Yo he, Tú has, Él /Ella/Usted ha, Ellos/Ellas han, Nosotros hemos 2.What are the 5 forms of the Past Perfect helping verbs? Yo había, Tú habías, Él /Ella/Usted había, Ellos/Ellas habían, Nosotros habíamos 3. When do you use the Present Perfect tense? When you are talking about a recent past or to say it has already been done. 4. When do you use the Past Perfect tense? When you are talking about a past action that precedes another past action in the past.

6 Lets take a trip to memory lane….. What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? The simple present –ar verbs Yo –o nosotros –amos Tú –asX Él/ella –aellos/ellas -an The simple present –er verbs Yo –o nosotros –emos Tú –esX Él/ella –eellos/ellas -en The simple present –ir verbs Yo –o nosotros –imos Tú –esX Él/ella –eellos/ellas -en examples Yo hablo Tu corres El vive Nosotros vivimos When is this tense used? To talk about the everyday events or often, always, never, sometimes, usually, every week, Every month, every year occurrences

7 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? The present progressive –ar verbs Yo estoy -ando nosotros estamos -ando Tú estas -ando X Él/ella esta -andoellos/ellas estan -ando The present progressive –er and - ir verbs Yo estoy –iendo nosotros estamos -iendo Tú estas -iendo X Él/ella esta –iendo ellos/ellas estan -iendo examples Yo estoy caminando Tu estas hablando examples Yo estoy corriendo Tu estas abriendo When is this tense used? To talk about an event that is happening right now at this moment. –ing English equivalent

8 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? The simple future Yo voy a +infinitive nosotros vamos a + Tú vas a X Él/ella va a +ellos/ellas van a + examples Yo voy a correr Tu vas a estudiar El va a dormir Nosotros vamos a comer When is this tense used? To talk about the future using going to + infinitive.

9 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? The preterite tense–ar verbs Yo –é nosotros –amos Tú –asteX Él/ella –óellos/ellas -aron The peterite tense –er verbs Yo –í nosotros –imos Tú –isteX Él/ella –ó ellos/ellas -ieron The preterite tense–ir verbs Yo –í nosotros –imos Tú –isteX Él/ella –óellos/ellas -eron examples Yo hablé Tu corriste El vivió Nosotros vivimos Ellos comieron When is this tense used? To talk about the past that has already occurred and is over and done with

10 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? Add to notes #9 The imperfect tense–ar verbs Yo –aba nosotros –ábamos Tú –abasX Él/ella -abaellos/ellas -aban The imperfect tense –er verbs Yo –ía nosotros –íamos Tú –íasX Él/ella –ía ellos/ellas -ían The imperfect tense–ir verbs Yo –ía nosotros –íamos Tú –íasX Él/ella –íaellos/ellas -ían examples Yo hablaba Tu corrías El vivía Nosotros vivíamos Ellos comían When is this tense used? To talk about a past tense that is ongoing in the past

11 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? Add to notes #9 The present perfect tense helping verb Yo he nosotros hemos Tú hasX Él/ella haellos/ellas han + past participle forms of verbs -ar verbs= -ado -er, -ir verbs= -ido examples Yo he hablado Tu has corrido El ha vivido Nosotros hemos comido Ellos han estudiado When is this tense used? To talk about a recent past tense or something you have already done.

12 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? Add to notes #9 The past perfect tense helping verb Yo habia nosotros habiamos Tú habiasX Él/ella habia ellos/ellas habian + past participle forms of verbs -ar verbs= -ado -er, -ir verbs= -ido examples Yo habia hablado Tu habias corrido El habia vivido Nosotros habiamos comido Ellos habian estudiado When is this tense used? To talk about a past tense that supersedes another past tense in the past.

13 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? Add to notes #9 + past participle forms adjectives -ar verbs= -ado(s) -er, -ir verbs= -ido(s) Use plural/singular and gender agreement to match noun examples The door is open. The doors are open. The window is closed. The windows are closed. When is this grammar stucture used? When verbs are being used as adjectives to describe nouns they are called past participle adjectives. They have to match gender and number agreements. examples La puerta esta abierta. Las puertas estan abiertas. La ventana esta cerrada. Las ventanas estan cerradas.

14 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? Add to notes #9 The informal command forms –ar verbs Tú-a - Examples Tú habla con él. Habla con él. Usa la computadora. examples Lee el libro. Escribe una carta. When is this tense used? Used when giving a command to a peer or someone you are familiar with. Will only be used in the tú form. Drop the r on all verbs. Informal command forms –er,ir verbs Tú -e

15 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? Add to notes #9 The formal command forms –ar verbs usted ustedes -e-en Examples Usted hable con el. Ustedes estudien las notas. examples Usted coma la cena. Ustedes coman en la mesa. When is this tense used? To show respect to authority, or older people, or someone not familiar with when giving a command. Will only be used in the Usted or Ustedes form. Flip flop the endings. (-ar verb= -e,-en ending/ -er,-ir verbs= -a,-an endings.) Formal command forms –er,ir verbs Ustedustedes -a-an

16 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? Add to notes #9 The nosotros/as command forms –ar verbs -emos - Examples Cruzar- Cruzemos la calle juntos. Firmar- Firmemos el documento todos. Cenar- Cenemos juntos. examples leer Leamos el libro juntos. escribir Escribamos todos una carta al gobierno. decidir Decidamos como familia a donde ir este verano. When is this tense used? Used when giving a command to a group your are in. Flip –flop the endings also. –ar verb= - emos ending and –er and –ir verbs= -amos ending. Nosotros/as command forms –er,ir verbs -amos

17 What are the verb conjugation endings of these tenses? Add to notes #9 Using Se + verb Present and Preterite x xX necesita necesitan Necesitónecesitaron Examples Se habla Español. Se necesitan maestros de Español. Se prohíbe fumar. Se habló Español en la junta. Se necesitaron mas maestros en la escuela. examples Se necesítaba mucha ayuda. Se necesitaban muchas medicinas. Se comían todo. De chico se comía todo. Se necesitara mucha ayuda en un temblor. Se van a necesitar muchas medicinas en un temblor. When is this tense used? Se +Verb is used when a statement does not define who is doing the action. It is a general statement with no subject person. Also used to in signs, advertisements, and directions and for unplanned events. Se + Imperfect/Future tense X Necesitaba necesitaban Comía comían Necesitará necesitaran Va a necesitar Van a necesitar