1 November 2003 Micro Regions Strategy

2 Marginalization in Mexico by localities

3 Marginalization statistics StateNationalMicro Regions Total population97.4 mill19.9 mill % Illiterate population 15 years and older 9.5%23.2% % Population without primary studies 15 years and older 28.5%51.9% % Inhabitants without drainage or exclusive sanitary service 9.9%27.5% % Inhabitants without electricity 4.8%15.4% % Inhabitants without tapped water 11.2%30.3% % Homes with any level of crowding 45.9%62.1% % Inhabitants with soil floors 14.8%41.5% % Population earning up to 2 minimum wages 51.0%76.4%

4 It is a work form spearheaded by the joint efforts of the three levels of government and the civil society, in order to lower the stagnation in localities with chronic marginalization conditions, through the active and protagonist participation of such communities in their own development. Micro Regions Strategy

5 19.9 million people inhabit Micro Regions Source: CONAPO 2000 529 predominantly indigenous municipalities are included in the Micro Regions Universe (with 40% o or more indigenous language speakers) 1,335 municipalities 31 states 263 Micro Regions 99,891 localities 62,238 localities with less than 50 inhabitants Micro Regions Universe

6  Rural areas with ethnic, cultural and geo-economic identity  Accentuated migratory movements  Environmental degradation processes  Subsistence economy  Scattered population  Isolation  Absence of production-consumption circuits  Social conflicts  Inaccessibility  Chronic stagnation processes  Highly dependant on subsidies and transferences What a Micro Region is

7  Territorial approach  Generation of territorial hubs (Strategic Community Center (SCC)/ Centros Estratégicos Comunitarios (CEC)  Bottom-up approach/ place based/ endogenous process  Inter institutional Coordination  14 Federal Ministries  State governments  Municipal governments  Civil society organizations  Business community  Universities and research institutions Characteristics Micro Regions Strategy

8 Strategy Community Center Federal Ministries Municipalities Community Participation Civil Society White Flags States How does the Strategy operate?

9 Basic social services and infrastructure Eco- efficiency Productive and economic development 6 57 23 4 1 Tapped water Road Local urban plan Patrimony legalization Local Development Agency Qualification for agrarian subjects 1 7 Water-related resources conservation Soil conservation Reforestation Preservation of biodiversity Desertification control 2 Basic food-stuffs provision Personal legalization Basic electric supply Savings Telephone service Public service of computers and Internet Health 3 Labor qualification Consensus for association 4 Basic education service Draining 5 Cement floor 6 Producers association for marketing Actions associated to Economical Projects Integral Policy

10  Provide local authorities with basic skills and information Critical factors and challenges in the short run  Enrich NGOs work -skills, vision and reach- as Local Development Agencies (LDA)  Impulse cooperatives, associations and intermunicipal links  Improve the accessibility of financial funds for productive projects  Implement a Micro Regional Development Process

11  Appropriation by communities of the development and planning mechanisms while strengthening local skills Critical factors and challenges in the long run  Development of agglomeration economies in SCC localities that enables the escalation process of regional economies  Application of an integral policy that increases territorial competitiveness and sustainable development  Generate information that allows a periodic evaluation of the dynamic of territorial strengths  Break the cycles that hinder rural development

12 November 2003 Micro Regions Strategy

13 ISOLATION/DISPERSION/ STAGNATION OF RURAL AREAS HIGH INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS LOW PROFITABILITY FOCUS IN URBAN, HIGHLY POPULATED AREAS INCREASE IN MIGRATION RATES LAG IN COMPETITIVENESS AND DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL AREAS CLOSE X

14 Selection criteria for SCC localities  Natural convergence center  Minimum 500 inhabitants  Road net  Minimum levels of electricity, water and sewage  Medical unit  Dynamic local market  Minimum communication infrastructure Localities with potential to improve their levels of infrastructure, services and productive capacities and become a micro-pole of development, exert influence in smaller nearby communities and increase the territorial competitiveness. Strategic Community Center SCC Centros Estratégicos Comunitarios CEC How does the Strategy operate? OPERATION MORE +

15 Influence areas Strategic Community Center SCC CLOSE X How does the Strategy operate?

16 Basic electric supply Road Basic education service Telephone service Health Computer and Internet public service Tapped water Basic food-stuffs provision Draining (sewage and treatment plant or latrine) Solid floor FOSTER ECONOMIC ACTIVITY White Flags ESSENTIAL Banderas Blancas (BB) Local urban plan Rural patrimony legalization Legal identity White Flags ELIGIBLE Banderas Blancas (BB) OPERATION MORE + How does the Strategy operate?

17  Social supply and demand meet in the COPLADE  Coordination agreement between the federal and state governments  Financial resource mix defined by federal, state and municipal authorities  Acknowledgement of the social demand  Resources are channeled to the SCC localities through the Interministry Coordination States and municipalities OPERATION How does the Strategy operate?

18  The Micro Regions Strategy implies a local development process for the inhabitants involved in infrastructure and development projects.  The Strategy acknowledges that a bottom-up approach and endogenous development will reinforce the local empowerment, new leadership and its organizational aspects.  In situ action facilitated through Local Development Agencies (LCD). Community participation OPERATION How does the Strategy operate?

19  Public-Private Partnership (PPP).  Capitalize philanthropic efforts.  Foster NGO work in SCC communities.  Research follow-up and evaluation. How does the Strategy operate? Civil society OPERATION

20 The signature of an Interministerial Collaboration Agreement, (14 Ministries). Aimed to:  Focalization of Federal Financial Resources in Micro Regions  Avoid expenditure duplicities  Foster efficiency and efficacy of Federal Programs  Promote an integrated approach to development. Federal Ministries OPERATION How does the Strategy operate?

21 OBJECTIVE Increase electrical distribution to match current and potential demand from domestic and small scale production activities. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When the construction of the electricity plant with the capacity to supply the 100% of demand from domestic and small scale production activities in the SCC. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT The physical capital of the Micro Region is increased as the localities have an adequate electric supply for domestic, community and productive activities. White Flags Basic electric supply WHITE FLAGS

22 OBJECTIVE To construct or improve a road system connected to the federal or state system, to facilitate social, economic, cultural and productive activities. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When a road for motor vehicles is operative all year round. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Enhances actions for the improvement of health and education services, productive and tourist activities of the SCC population. White Flags Road WHITE FLAGS

23 OBJECTIVE Establish and/or improve education service coverage (up till the 9th grade) for the inhabitants of the SCC locality and its influence area. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When there is full coverage of the service of basic education for the SCC and its area of influence. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Endow the SCC to increase the capability of its residents in order for them to pursue their life challenges. White Flags Basic education service WHITE FLAGS

24 OBJECTIVE To install the public telephone service where needed. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When the service is operative in the locality TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Through this improvement of its physical capital, territorial isolation is reduced. White Flags Telephone service WHITE FLAGS

25 OBJECTIVE Offer permanent and adequate basic service package (according to the Health Ministry’s standards). MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When the service is delivered in a permanent basis and with up-dated equipment according to the definition of official health-care procedures and standards TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Increase the quality of the standard of living of the population of the SCC locality. White Flags Health WHITE FLAGS

26 OBJECTIVE To offer computer service and Internet connection the public in the SCC. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When a facility with a minimum of 6 computers connected to the Internet, is open to the general public and agreements are signed with the local authority to operate and maintain the premises or an institutional third party secures its operation. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT With this condition, we open a virtual window between the SCC and the rest of the world in order to benefit the local community (and its influence area). White Flags Computer and Internet public service WHITE FLAGS

27 2002 Outcomes  2001 53  2002 168  With satellite connection 53  Current student attending via satellite courses 2,334 (44 for each CCA/ KCC)  Students registered in courses 115 (monthly per CCA/KCC)  Students attending Preparatory Courses via satellite 67 students  Served population 46% women 80% kids and teenagers between 7 and 21 years White Flags Computer and Internet public service CLOSE X

28 OBJECTIVE To guarantee a regular supply of tapped water to the population of the SCC. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When the water supply reaches 100% of the households in the SCC. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Increase the quality of the standard of living of the population of the SCC locality. White Flags Tapped water WHITE FLAGS

29 OBJECTIVE The locality will have regular provision of basic food-stuffs to fullfil elementary needs at fair price. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When service is delivered in a permanent basis in the Diconsa Service Centre, or in at least three private shops or a public market TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Facilitate the convergence and commercial activity of the SCC and its influence area. Banderas Blancas Basic food-stuffs provision WHITE FLAGS

30 OBJECTIVE When the community has sanitary facilities or equivalent infrastructure to secure the use and sustainable management of residual waters. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When at least 80% of all households have the adequate infrastructure and/or construction of a sewage and water treatment system are completed. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Contributes to the improvement of the general health conditions and optimizes the use and sustainability of a essential natural capital resource. White Flags Draining WHITE FLAGS

31 OBJECTIVE Promote collective practices that generate a positive attitude in the community towards the improvement of their life quality, enabling their involvement in more complex economic projects. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA At least 30 individuals have participated continuously during the last 6 months or longer in an association, or cooperative with economic financial purpose. When the same amount of individuals have actively participated in value adding economical projects. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Increase the Social Capital: confidence, solidarity, attitudes and capabilities to engage in collective activities. White Flags-Flagpole Foster economic activity Development of Social-Productive Capital WHITE FLAGS

32 OBJECTIVE Generate orderly growth in the locality according to its projection as a SCC. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When the Local Development Plan of the population center is approved by the municipal Council and registered with the participation of the community. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Increase the quality of the standard of living of the population of the SCC locality. White Flags Local urban plan WHITE FLAGS

33 OBJECTIVE Provide the future terms of services by local authorities in order to reach legal security in land possession. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When in the municipalities where a SCC is established, 100% of the land property is certified and registered, and the cases documented where land property in under dispute. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Promote security in land possession as an aid to private investment, in doing so, help economic development of the physical capital of the SCC and its influence area. White Flags Rural patrimony legalization WHITE FLAGS

34 OBJECTIVE When the Local Development Plan of the SCC is developed with the open participation of the community and approved by the Municipal Council. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When the number of households with concrete floor in the SCC locality reaches the average at the state level according to the data in the Federal Census 2000. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT This condition benefits human capital to improve the general conditions of healthiness of the locality. White Flags Solid Floor WHITE FLAGS

35 OBJECTIVE To secure and obtain the Identity Code (CURP) and register the members of the community that don’t have their Birth Certificate. MINIMUM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA When the SCC and its influence area reaches 80% registered population that have their CURP. TERRITORIAL CAPITAL IMPACT Create an essential requirement of identity and access to the formalities of Law. White Flags Legal Identity WHITE FLAGS

36 1 MinistryProgram SEFondo Nacional de Apoyo a Empresas Sociales (FONAES) SCTCaminos Rurales (Obras a Contrato) SCTEstudios y Proyectos SAGARPAAlianza Contigo SEDESOLPrograma Para el Desarrollo Local (Micro Regiones) Opciones Productivas Incentivos Estatales Programa de Coinversión Social Programa de la Comisión para la Regularización de la Tenencia de la Tierra (CORETT) SRAPrograma de Certificación de Derechos Ejidales y Titulación de Solares (PROCEDE) Programa Hereda Capacitación a Sujetos Agrarios SEMARNATPrograma de Desarrollo de Infraestructura de Agua Potable y Saneamiento de Zonas Rurales (Ejecutado por la CNA) SFPPrograma de Contraloría Social CONADEPIPrograma para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos y Comunidades Indígenas CLOSE X

37 2 MinistryProgram SCTTelefonía Rural Programa E-México SAGARPAPrograma de Empleo Temporal (PET) Programa de Apoyos al Campo (PROCAMPO) SEDESOLPrograma Jóvenes por México Programa de Atención a Jornaleros Agrícolas Programa de Empleo Temporal (PET) Programa Oportunidades STyPSSistema de Apoyo Económico a la Movilidad Laboral Interna Sistema de Apoyo Económico a Buscadores de Empleo Proyectos de Inversión Productiva SSComponente de Salud de Oportunidades PROCEDES SRAPrograma Fondo para el Apoyo a Proyectos Productivos de las Organizaciones Agrarias (FAPPA) Programa de Financiamiento a Proyectos Productivos de Mujeres Indígenas Campesinas Programa de Fomento de Actividades Productivas para los Jóvenes Campesinos Programa de Autorización y Entrega de Fondos Comunes Programa la Mujer en el Sector Agrario (PROMUSAG) Programa de Constitución de Figuras Asociativas para la Producción Rural Programa de Parcelas con Destino Específico CLOSE X

38 3 MinistryProgram SECTUR Convenios de Reasignación de Recursos SEDESOL Programas del Fondo Nacional de Apoyo a las Artesanías (FONART) STyPSSistema de Capacitación para el Trabajo (SICAT) SEMARNATPrograma de Desarrollo Regional Sustentable (PRODERS ejecutados por la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas) SEPComponente Educativo de Oportunidades CLOSE X

39 4 DependenciaPrograma SEP Programas Compensatorios de CONAFE CLOSE X

40 5 MinistryProgram SCT Programa de Empleo Temporal (PET) SEDESOL Programa Iniciativa Ciudadana 3x1 Programa de Ahorro, Subsidio y Crédito para la Vivienda Progresiva “Tu Casa” (FONHAPO) Programa de Leche Industrializada (LICONSA) Programa de Abasto Rural (DICONSA) Programas del Instituto Nacional Indigenista (INI) STyPS Sistema de Apoyos Económicos a la Movilidad Laboral al Exterior SSPrograma de Salud y Nutrición para Pueblos Indígenas Programa de Ampliación de Cobertura (PAC) Programa IMSS-Solidaridad SEP Educación Comunitaria de CONAFE CLOSE X

41 6 MinistryProgram SEMarcha Hacia el Sur Programa de Apoyo al Diseño Artesanal (PROADA) Financiamiento al Microempresario Fondo de Micro financiamiento a las Mujeres Rurales (FOMMUR) Fondo de Fomento a la Integración de Cadenas Productivas (FIDECAP) SRAPrograma de Convenios y Contratos Programa de Regularización de Colonias Agrícolas y Ganaderas SAGARPA Fondo de Estabilización del Café CLOSE X

42 7 MinistryProgram SEDESOL Programas de la Comisión Nacional de Zonas Áridas (CONAZA) SEMARNAT Programa de Operación de las Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANPs) Programa Nacional de Reforestación (ejecutado por la CONAFOR) CLOSE X

43 Micro Regional Development Process (viable, sustainable) Development Agency Technical Support Micro Regional Development Fund Economic Resources Micro Regional Council Rules Micro Regional Development Model CLOSE X