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2 ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: CURRENT RESEARCHMichael Hoffmann Professor of Neurology (UCF, UF, courtesy) Director, cognitive neurology and stroke programs James A Haley VA Hospital Tampa, Florida , USA Editor of ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: CURRENT RESEARCH
3 B I O G H R A P H Y Professor Michael Hoffmann MD, PhD, FCP(SA), FAHA, FAAN received his initial medical degree, MBBch, at the University of Witwatersrand Johannesburg, South Africa, followed by a neurological registrarship at the University of Natal, Durban, South Africa with subsequent subspecialty fellowship training in Stroke at Columbia University Neurological Institute and Presbyterian Medical Center, New York. Currently, he is working as director of Cognitive Neurology and Stroke at the James A Haley VA Medical Center in Tampa, Florida and affiliate Professor of Neurology with the University Central Florida and courtesy Professor with the University of Florida. He is serving as an editorial member of several reputed journals and has authored over 200 research abstracts and manuscripts. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Neurology and American Heart Association Stroke Section.
4 RESEARCH INTEREST Cognitive neurology, Cerebrovascular disease, Frontal lobe function, Neuro archeology.
5 RECENT PUBLICATIONS Dolichoectasia - A Posterior Circulation, Large Vessel Vasculopathy with Unique Clinical and Radiologic Features Michael Hoffmann, Charles Brock Research Article: J Neurol Neurophysiol 2014, 5:216 doi: / Assembly of the Human Mind: How Present Day Primates Reflect our MindÂ’s Anatomical and Physiological Evolution Michael Hoffmann Editorial: Anat Physiol 2013, 4: e132 doi: / e132 Beyond the Three Dimensional Aspects of Neuro- anatomy: The Multidimensional Brain Michael Hoffmann Editorial: Anat Physiol 2011, 1: e101 doi: / e101
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8 DEFINITION Cerebrovascular disease refers to a International of conditions that affect the circulation of blood to the brain, causing limited or no blood flow to affected areas of the brain.
9 TYPES OF CEREBROVASCULOAR DISEASESThere are a number of different types of cerebrovascular disease. The four most common types are: stroke – a serious medical condition where the blood supply to the brain is interrupted transient ischaemic attack (TIA) – a temporary fall in the brain's blood supply, resulting in a lack of oxygen to the brain subarachnoid haemorrhage – an uncommon cause of stroke where blood leaks out of the brain's blood vessels vascular dementia – problems with the blood circulation, leading to parts of the brain not receiving enough blood and oxygen
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12 SYMPTOMS OF BRAIN DISORDERSThe following are some common symptoms brain disorders may present: confusion or problems concentrating headaches or migraines seizures (convulsions) memory problems change in the way you normally behave problems with your vision (double vision, for example) lack of muscle control vomiting or nausea
13 CAUSES!!! Trauma to the brainStroke (restricted or reduced oxygen and blood in the brain that leads to cellular death) Viral infections (viruses may cause inflammation and swelling in the brain’s tissue) Disease and cancer Abnormal growths (tumors) Inherited conditions that affect the brain Change in your brain’s electrical pathways (communication between neurons)
14 ARE YOU IN RISK ZONE???????? Brain disorders may have certain risks too which are as follows: have blunt trauma to the head have a family history of brain disorders or disease have a viral infection have a stroke smoke tobacco products stop breathing (can prevent oxygen from reaching the brain)
15 Diagnosing can be done in risk zone too…Diagnosing can be done by various methods like: Computed Tomography (CT) scan—to take images of your brain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Electroencephalogram (EEG)
16 Go for treatment??? There can be different medications, medicines, advices too but the most reliable used method is to do MEDITATION and the other successful method for damaged brain is SURGERY.
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18 Approved By E-signature: Michael Hoffmann
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