1 POPULATION AND SOCIAL CHANGEINTRODUCTORY LECTURE (WEEK 1) What are the issues that are of central interest to demographers? How does demography relate to other disciplines? How can demography and sociology complement each other?

2 Population change In-migration Birth Death Out-migration

3 Household change Separation

4 Nuptiality/marriage (cohabitation) Separation/ Divorce Family/household structure Sexual behaviour/ ‘family planning’ Population growth/decline Fertility/births Migration Mortality/death Age structure

5 What does sociology offer to demography?Data (censuses, surveys, vital registration, life history data) Qualitative data Demographic trends Explanation Methods (rates, life tables, standardisation Sociological theories

6 The Interdisciplinary Nature of Demography/Population StudiesSociology History Women’s/Gender Studies Social Policy Family/marital therapy Geography Psychology Demography/ Population Studies Planning/ Urban studies Epidemiology (& genetics) Actuarial science Medicine Economics Development/ ‘Third World’ Social Statistics Law

7 Factors relevant to demographic explanation:(e.g. with respect to ‘(future) fertility among the formerly married’) Demographic (e.g. sex ratios) Spatial Cultural (e.g. social norms) Economic (e.g. poverty) Technological (e.g. contraception) Legal (e.g. divorce laws) Psychological Political/ideological etc., etc.