1 POWERPOINT PRESENTATIONBRONZE STAR POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

2 Bronze Star Assessment Assessor Description of tasks DurationAccess and equity Complaints, grievances and appeal policy Course outline History or RLSSA Australia and Western Australia The culture of life saving Legal Considerations The Good Samaritan How to call for help

3 The Chain of Survival THE CHAIN OF SURVIVAL DESCRIBES THE SEQUENCE OF CRITICAL INTERVENTION STAGES IN THE INITIAL CARE OF A CARDIAC ARREST PATIENT. The critical stages are: Early Call For Help It is essential to attend the casualty and call for help as soon as possible. Early CPR This will increase the casualty’s chance of survival by encouraging oxygenated blood flow to the brain. Early Defibrillation The restoration of an adequate heart rhythm is necessary for the casualty to survive a cardiac arrest. Post Resuscitation Care Transportation of the casualty to hospital by ambulance should not be delayed to enable further treatment and monitoring of their condition.

4 Emergency Care Procedure DANGER Check for danger to yourself, bystanders and the casualty. Can whatever caused the problem, harm you or others? Check up down and all around to casualty. R  RESPONSE Assess the level of consciousness. Check if the casualty is conscious by asking questions and squeezing their shoulders.  S  SEND FOR HELP Get bystanders to call for help Ring 000 give clear, precise information  A  AIRWAY Check and clear the airway Open the mouth and look inside for foreign matter (DO NOT TILT HEAD) Roll onto side if foreign matter is seen then remove by scooping downwards with fingers. If no foreign matter is seen leave casualty on their back. B  BREATHING Check for breathing: Tilt head back, look listen and feel for 10 seconds ( 2 breathing cycles)  With airway open place cheek to mouth to feel for breathing, one hand placed on diaphragm looking down chest to feel and see chest rising. If casualty is breathing but unconscious place in the recovery position and monitor ABC. Seek medical assistance  C  CPR 30 compressions : rescue breaths D DEFIBRILLATION Attach AED as soon as possible Follow the directions of the AED

5 Resuscitation summary chartAdult & older child Child 1-8 Infant up to 1 year Head tilt Full None Chest pressure 2 Hands 1-2 Hands 2 Fingers Hand placement Centre of Chest CPR Ratio 30 Compressions 2 Breaths Compressions per min Approximately 100 Per Minute Compression depth One third of the Chest depth Breathing Half Puff

7 RESUSCITATION DURING PREGNANCYWhen resuscitation a casualty believed to be pregnant, complications may occur resulting from pressure on the stomach, diaphragm and lungs from the baby. To provide an optimal situation for resuscitation; padding should be placed under the right buttock of the casualty, to create a ‘LEFT LATERAL TILT’ ensuring reduced pressure on blood vessels and therefore unrestricted flow of blood back to the heart.

8 Defibrillation What is defibrillation The role of the AEDWhy use an AED Operation of an AED Steps to using an AED

9 Cardiac Emergencies Angina attack Heart attackSigns and symptoms Treatment Heart attack Congestive heart failure

10 Choking Check mouth for object after each back blow or chest thrustSigns and symptoms for mild and severe airway obstructions What to do for mild and severe airway obstructions Adult And Child Infants Under 1 Year Check mouth for object after each back blow or chest thrust

11 CHOKING FLOW CHART - MILD & SEVERE SYMPTOMS

13 Body Temperature ChartHeat induced illness Heat Exhaustion Signs and symptoms Treatment Heat stroke Cold induced illness Hypothermia Body Temperature Chart 26 29 32 35 37 37-39 39+ 42 Unconscious Hypothermia Very cold (Stop shivering) Cold Normal Fever High fever

14 Bites and Stings HEAT ICE VINEGAR P.I.T Stone fish Stingray Bull routBlue bottle Cobbler Sea urchin Red back White tail Bees Jelly fish Centipede Scorpion Box Jellyfish Irukandji Funnel web Snakes Blue ringed Cone shell Anything with spines Stop swelling All stings above the tropics To slow down poison P.I.T

16 Standard water safety signsREGULATORY SIGNS WARNING SIGNS INFORMATIVE AND PERMISSIVE SIGNS

17 AQUA CODE

18 Aquatic Environment Rivers, Lake and Dams Dangers How to stay safeBeach and Ocean Swimming pool Home

19 For more information please visit www.recfishwest.org.au 9246 3366ROCK FISHING SAFETY – KEY MESSAGES from Recfishwest DON’T PUT YOUR LIFE ON THE LINE Tell someone where you are going Never fish alone Observe first, fish later Know the area, know the conditions. Wear appropriate clothing Wear a PDF Plan your escape Use appropriate Public Safety Equipment Stay alert If you go in… Stay calm, swim away from the rocks and remove any heavy or waterlogged clothing. Float on your back and await rescue, or if you’re capable, swim ashore to the safe area you identified from your initial observations. If you see someone else go in… Do not jump in if someone is washed into the water. Use your rope or something that floats to help rescue the person. If there’s public safety equipment nearby, know how to use it. Dial 000 or the local Sea Rescue to get help. For more information please visit

21 HEAD FIRST AND FEET FIRST SURFACE DIVE

22 RESCUES Self preservation is a priority 4 A’s in any rescueAwareness Assessment Action Aftercare Categories of persons in difficulty Non Swimmer Weak swimmer Injured swimmer Unconscious Rescue techniques Non swimming –Talk-reach-throw-wade-row Swimming rescues- swim-tow TALK, REACH, THROW, WADE, ROW, SWIM, TOW TO RIDE THE WAVE REALLY SAFE TODAY

27 Help And Huddle

28 SPINAL INJURIES Signs and Symptoms Treatment Management

30 EXTENDED ARM ROLLOVER

31 YOU LOSE HEAT FROM YOUR HEAD, SIDES OF CHEST AND YOUR GROINSURVIVAL STRATEGIES AND TECHNIQUES Survival in deep water depends on the ability to use the following: KNOWLEDGE – to understand what to do JUDGEMENT – to decide what to do SKILL – to perform what is required FITNESS – to achieve the desired results The key to survival in cold water Individual survival strategy Group survival strategy YOU LOSE HEAT FROM YOUR HEAD, SIDES OF CHEST AND YOUR GROIN Putting on a PFD

32 Search Patterns Closed Water Search pattern Open water search pattern

33 TYPES OF DRUGS AND THEIR AFFECTSTYPE OF DRUG EXAMPLES AFFECT Stimulants Speed, cocaine Affect central nervous system to speed up physical and mental activity Hallucinogens LSD Cause changes in mood, sensation, thought and self-awareness Depressants Alcohol, Marijuana Affect central nervous system to slow down physical and mental activity Solvents and Aerosols Glue, paint thinners Create intoxicating effect

34 “Almost half of all drowning deaths amongst young adults in Western Australia are contributed to by alcohol.”