1 Predestined to innovate (#OERu)A low cost, low risk, high impact innovation partnership Wayne Mackintosh Anthony Mackintosh
2 Flexibility | InnovationAn oustanding ODL pioneer Athabasca University is dedicated to the removal of barriers that restrict access to and success in university-level study and to increasing equality of educational opportunity for adult learners worldwide. Excellence | Openness Flexibility | Innovation
3 A model reincarnated? OPEN web OPEN IPOERu A model reincarnated? University of London External System OPEN web OPEN IP Today the original “examination-only” concept suddenly looks very modern – Sir John Daniel Captain-tucker Derek Ramsey: WMF Commons: File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Pupation_2419px.jpg Derek Ramsey: WMF Commons: File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Pupation_2419px.jpg Armon: WMF Commons File:Monarch_Butterfly_Chrysalis.JPG
4 The OERu concept Adapted from Taylor 2007
5 OERu – Logic model & plan for actionFree learning for all students worldwide 23 Feb 2011 +200 participants +46 Countries
6 Open but tough CREDIBLE CREDENTIALS too RIGID?| too FLEXIBLE?Free OER courses | Disaggregation of services |
7 OERTen founding anchor partnersGlobal innovation partnership of accredited colleges, polytechnics and universities Athabasca University, Canada Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University (BAOU), India Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, NZ Empire State College (SUNY), USA NorthTec, NZ Otago Polytechnic, NZ Southern New Hampshire University, USA Thompson Rivers University, Canada University of South Africa, South Africa University of Southern Queensland, Australia University of Wollongong, Australia
8 = = + = Strike the right balance OPEN SUSTAINABLE education educationQuality + = OER OEP Cost Access Pink Sherbet Photography: Fdecomite:
9 Slide 16
10 The OERu logic model
11 So what have we got? ... INPUTS for the OERu logic model:OpenCourseWare Open Access Journals OER and OEP Open Distance Learning experience Open protocols for APL Melissa Sanders Ricky
12 Next steps … Next steps … Next steps … Who will we hold responsible?Recruit critical mass of anchor partners Agree inaugural credential Process or product? Continue collaborative planning Online SCoPE seminars (Bccampus) November planning meeting OPEN or closed? Prototype OER courses and pedagogy L Fuchshuber Hugiene Matters
13 Rules of the OERu game ... OERTen partners agree ...Credential OER learners (cost recovery) Assemble minimum of 2 OER-based courses (for agreed credential) Course credit transfer among OERu partners (for agreed credential) Gold or silver member of the OER Foundation Dawn Huczek:
14 Baseline requirements for 1st OERu credentialQualification on the books of anchor partners Only accredited institutions can participate i.e. entitled to operate in national jurisdiction or registered with relevant Qualifications Authority OERu credential must be “registered” eg with National qualifications Framework (NQF) Flexible i.e. easy for institutions to join Maximise curriculum choice for learners Major Nelson: Slide 19
15 Mechanics of OERu operations ...OERu does not confer degrees (anchor partners do) OERu anchor partners retain decision-making autonomy, eg: - Price for assessment and credential services - Local matriculation requirements - Courses and credentials provided under OERu network Recognition of prior learning (RPL) protocols provide precedent for recognising OER learning, however: - Existing RPL systems are expensive - Don't scale well. Dawn Huczek:
16 Calculated OERu innovation …Next steps … Next steps … Calculated OERu innovation … No new money required Recurrent cost recouped OERu is low cost, low risk But high IMPACT innovation Dongio: Watercolour painter dedicated to the public domain Slide 20 Hugiene Matters
17 Free learning for all students worldwide“This is not theoretical speculation, it is entirely viable.” Jim Taylor AM You are free to join us ... Paul (Dex) Compilation: Chad Miller, James Almond, Wayne Mackintosh See:
18 Open Educational Resources & the Future of LearningCreative Commons Attribution 3.0 License Open Educational Resources & the Future of Learning Rory McGreal UNESCO/COL Chair in OER
19 UNESCO Chairholders in OER Partners Fred Mulder Rory McGreal Fred Mulder Rory McGreal
20 An Act for the Encouragement of LearningMyth 1. Copyright was instituted to protect the rights of the copyright owner An Act for the Encouragement of Learning Copyright was instituted to protect the rights of the copyright owner. Copyright isn't on a par with the right to life, liberty, fraternity and equality before the law. It's a privilege extended to us by our fellow citizens because they recognise the value they get out of our efforts. Statute of Queen Anne 1710
21 USA: Copyright Act 1790: An Act to Promote the Progress of Science and the Useful Arts George Washington
22 University Quality Control?Traditional University Quality Control? Any content quality control? Put a PhD in a classroom
23 OER quality measures content potential effectiveness ease of useMERLOT divides quality into three areas: content, potential effectiveness and ease of use. The currency, relevancy and accuracy of the learning materials is foremost. They must be clear and concise demonstrating the concepts and integrating where appropriate. Effectiveness can be calibrated when pre-requisites and learning objectives are clearly indicated and concepts are realistically reinforced, building on prior knowledge. Clear instructions can make the material easy to use as can visual and interactive components.
24 OER Quality measures brand or reputation peer review user ratingsuse indicators validation, self-evaluation brand or reputation of the OER creator, peer review, user ratings, use indicators, validation, and self-evaluation. Other possible quality indicators include sharability, timeliness, reach (number of users), usability (license restrictions), and accessibility.
25 OER Quality: Cost sharingQuality can also be improved through the sharing of OERS when institutions transfer costs from the course development process to student services and support. Students could benefit by paying less for course materials. OERs can be used to provide more student choice at little additional cost. Faculty can spend more time on research rather than on course development.
26 OER Quality: Timely UpdatingThe timely updating of courses can be another benefit of OERs. A course could be of the highest quality when it is first created, but unless it is updated regularly and consistently the quality can decay. OERs can be one way of accessing and inserting updated content and other relevant course materials as they become available. Is time an aspect of quality?
27 OER Quality: Number of LearnersOER quality can also be related to the number of learners. What is the “quality” of proprietary course materials used in one class for some twenty students in comparison to an OER that is available and accessed by millions of learners? 20 or 2 million?
28 Internet is the biggest commonsPublic domain is a priceless, shared heritage wikimedia
29 Modern learning is not possible without the skills for accessing and using the Internet
30 Why OER? DRM (digital restriction management?) Digital licenses
31 DRM (Digital Rights Management)You CANNOT Copy & paste, annotate, highlight Text to speech Format change Move material Print out Move geographically Use after expiry date Resell
32 Swiss-copyright.ca
33 Digital Licenses Owners have NO liability even if product doesn’t workCopy & paste, annotate, highlight Text to speech or hyperlink Format change Move material to another computer Print out Move geographically Use after expiry date Resell Digital Licenses Owners have NO liability even if product doesn’t work Owners can “invade” your computer without permission Collect & use personal data User has a “privilege” to use the product not own it Prohibited to show your content to others Must accept that you have NO rights
34 Mobile Learning Wireless AccessActive mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 57th Wireless Access Mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 111th 34
35 Wireless Access in CANADA 2010: World RankingMobile broadband subscriptions/100 inhabitants 57th Mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 111th International Telecommunications Union. (2011). Measuring the information society Available from 35
36 Mobile learning ¼ of the world’s population +2 billion Internet connexions World population: 6.8 billion
37 Mobile learning The world is going mobile
38 + 2 billion users
39
40 Web usage worldwide 3.81% Worldwide Chad 29% Nigeria 25% Sudan 22% Chad 29% Nigeria 25% Sudan 22%
41
42 More time spent on Internet with Mobile than with desktopsMobile learning 1/3 only access internet via mobile More time spent on Internet with Mobile than with desktops 4.5 billion mobile subscriptions 1.5 billion mobile internet users 90% of world population is covered by cellular
43
44 Design for Mobile FIRST
45 The restriction of the commons by patents, copyright, and databases [right] is not in the interests of society and unduly hampers scientific endeavour.
46 Papal Encyclical “On the part of rich countries there is excessive zeal for protecting knowledge through an unduly rigid assertion of the right to intellectual property . . .” - Pope Benedict XVI “Encyclical Letter Caritas In Veritate Of The Supreme Pontiff Benedict XVI To The Bishops Priests And Deacons Men And Women Religious The Lay Faithful And All People Of Good Will On Integral Human Development In Charity And Truth,” June 29,
47 God is on our side Papal Encyclical“On the part of rich countries there is excessive zeal for protecting knowledge through an unduly rigid assertion of the right to intellectual property . . .” - Pope Benedict XVI God is on our side “Encyclical Letter Caritas In Veritate Of The Supreme Pontiff Benedict XVI To The Bishops Priests And Deacons Men And Women Religious The Lay Faithful And All People Of Good Will On Integral Human Development In Charity And Truth,” June 29,
48 The time has come to share scarce resources…every university can't expect to have an expert in every field,” P. Rossman
49 General Eric Shinseki, retired Chief of Staff, U. S. Army
50 Why OER? We know that the present systems are unsustainableIt is not scalable for universal education We must find new more cost-effective learning systems with higher quality OER will form part of this solution
51 Ashanti