1 Preterit & Imperfect NotesMVCC 191

2 Uses of the Imperfect 1. Descriptions in the past.Ellos eran muy simpáticos. They used to be very nice. 2. An action that went on for a period of time in that past that is not specific, with no reference to its beginning or end. Él me miraba mientras yo trataba de recoger los papeles. He was watching me while I tried to pick up the papers.

3 Uses of the Imperfect 3. A Habitual or repeated action in the past.Los domingos yo caminaba por la playa. On Sundays I used to walk on the beach. 4. The background or setting in which an action took place. Elena corría por la acerca y de repente se cayó. Elena was running on the sidewalk and all of a sudden she fell.

4 Uses of the Imperfect 5. Time of day in the past.Eran las tres de la tarde. It was three in the afternoon. 6. Age in the past. El director tenía sesenta años. The principal was 60 years old. 7. A mental of physical state of being in the past. Tú no conocías la ciudad muy bien. You didn’t know the city very well.

5 Common Expressions 1. A menudo often 2. A veces sometimes 3. Cada díaevery day 4. Con frecuencia frequently 5. Constantemente constantly 6. De costumbre habitually 7. Frecuentemente frecuently

6 Common Expressions 8. Generalmente generally 9. Normalmente normally10. Por lo general generally 11. Regularmente regularly 12. Siempre always 13. Todos los días every day

7 Imperfect Regular EndingsER/IR Endings aba ábamos ía íamos abas abais ías íais aba aban ía ían

8 Irregular Verbs SER = to be era éramos eras erais era eran

9 Irregular Verbs IR = to go iba íbamos ibas ibais iba iban

10 Irregular Verbs VER = to see veía veíamos veías veíais veía veían

11 Terminé el proyecto esta mañana. I finished the project this morning.Uses of the Preterit 1. A single action or a series of actions that are totally completed within a particular period of time in the past. Felipe limpió su cuarto ayer. Philip cleaned his room yesterday. 2. The beginning or the end of an action in the past. Terminé el proyecto esta mañana. I finished the project this morning.

12 the day before yesterdayCommon Expressions 1. Anoche last night 2. Anteayer the day before yesterday 3. Aquel día (mes, año) that day 4. Aquella semana that week 5. Ayer yesterday for the moment 6. De momento suddenly 7. De repente On Monday 8. El lunes (martes)

13 Common Expressions 9. El mes/año pasado last month/year10. El otro día the other day 11. En febrero (marzo) in February 12. Entonces then 13. La semana pasada last week 14. Por fin finally 15. Una noche/un día one night/one day 16. Una vez once

14 Preterit Regular EndingsER/IR Endings é amos í imos aste asteis iste isteis ó aron ió ieron

15 Only Irregular in the YO!CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs CAR = QUÉ Only Irregular in the YO! GAR = GUÉ ZAR = CÉ

16 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs expliCAR = to explain expliqué explicamosexplicaste explicasteis explicó explicaron

17 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 1. acercarse to come near, approach2. arrancar to start (engine) 3. buscar to search for 4. chocar to crash 5. colocar to put/to place to complicate 6. complicar to communicate 7. comunicar

18 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 8. criticar to criticize to dedicate 9. dedicar10. educar to educate 11. embarcarse to board 12. equivocarse to be wrong to manufacture 13. fabricar to justify 14. justificar

19 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 15. marcar to mark, to dial to chew 16. masticar17. pescar to fish 18. platicar to chat 19. practicar to practice to take out 20. sacar to dry 21. secar

20 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs lleGAR = to arrive llegué llegamos llegastellegasteis llegó llegaron

21 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 1. agregar to add to drown 2. ahogarse 3. apagarto turn off 4. cargar to carry/load 5. castigar to punish to hang up 6. colgar

22 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 7. despegar to take off to put in charge ofencargar to put in charge of 9. encargarse to be in charge of 10. entregar to hand out 11. fregar to mop to play 12. jugar

23 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 13. negar to deny to pay for 14. pagar 15. pegarto hit 16. regar to water 17. rogar to beg to swallow 18. tragar

24 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs almorZAR = to eat lunch almorcé almorzamosalmorzaste almorzasteis almorzó almorzaron

25 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 1. abrazar to hug to reach 2. alcanzar3. aterrizar to land 4. comenzar to begin 5. cruzar to cross

26 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 6. empezar to start to specialize inespecializarse to specialize in 8. garantizar to guarantee 9. gozar to enjoy 10. lanzar to throw

27 CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs 11. realizar to carry out to pray 12. rezar13. tranquilizar to calm down 14. tropezar to trip 15. utilizar to use, utilize

28 U Group Verbs PODER = to can/be able pude pudimos pudiste pudisteispudo pudieron

29 U Group Verbs PONER = to put puse pusimos pusiste pusisteis pusopusieron

30 U Group Verbs SABER = to know supe supimos supiste supisteis suposupieron

31 U Group Verbs ANDAR= to walk anduve anduvimos anduviste anduvisteisanduvo anduvieron

32 U Group Verbs ESTAR = to be estuve estuvimos estuviste estuvisteisestuvo estuvieron

33 U Group Verbs CABER = to fit cupe cupimos cupiste cupisteis cupocupieron

34 U Group Verbs TENER = to have tuve tuvimos tuviste tuvisteis tuvotuvieron

35 I Group Verbs HACER = to make/do hice hicimos hiciste hicisteis hizohicieron

36 I Group Verbs QUERER= to want quise quisimos quisiste quisisteis quisoquisieron

37 I Group Verbs VENIR = to come vine vinimos viniste vinisteis vinovinieron

38 SATISFACER = to satisfyI Group Verbs SATISFACER = to satisfy satisfice satisficimos satisficiste satisficisteis satisfizo satisficieron

39 J Group Verbs DECIR = to say/tell dije dijimos dijiste dijisteis dijodijeron

40 J Group Verbs TRAER = to bring traje trajimos trajiste trajisteistrajo trajeron

41 J Group Verbs PRODUCIR = to produce produje produjimos produjisteprodujisteis produjo produjeron

42 J Group Verbs REDUCIR = to reduce reduje redujimos redujisteredujisteis redujo redujeron

43 Ir & Ser Verbs IR = to go fui fuimos fuiste fuisteis fue fueron

44 Ir & Ser Verbs SER = to be fui fuimos fuiste fuisteis fue fueron

45 Ver & Dar Verbs VER = to see vi vimos viste visteis vio vieron

46 Ver & Dar Verbs DAR = to give di dimos diste disteis dio dieron

47 Y Group Verbs LEER = to read leí leímos leíste leísteis leyó leyeron

48 Y Group Verbs CONCLUIR = to conclude concluí concluimos concluisteconcluisteis concluyó concluyeron

49 Y Group Verbs similar to Leer:1. caerse to fall 2. creer to believe 3. oír to hear 4. poseer to possess

50 Y Group Verbs similar to Concluir:5. atribuir to attribute 6. construir to construct 7. contribuir to contribute 8. distribuir to distribute 9. huir to run away/to flee 10. incluir to include

51 Stem-Changing Verbs I R P R E S E N TIn order to be considered a stem-changing or “footprint” verb in the Preterit Tense it must be an ____ ____ verb with a stem-change in the ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ . I R P R E S E N T

52 Possible stem-changes are: ___  ___ and ___  ___.Stem-Changing Verbs E I O U Possible stem-changes are: ___  ___ and ___  ___. Remember stem-change only occurs in the _________________ & _________________. él, ella, usted ellos, ellas, ustedes.

53 Foot Print Verbs E  I SENTIR = to feel sentí sentimos sentistesentisteis sintió sintieron

54 Foot Print Verbs E  I SERVIR = to serve serví servimos servisteservisteis sirvió sirvieron

55 Stem-Changing Verbs 1. advertir to warn/advise to convert 2. convertir3. divertirse to have fun 4. mentir to lie 5. preferir to prefer to feel 6. sentirse

56 Stem-Changing Verbs 7. repetir to repeat to obtain 8. conseguir9. despedir to release 10. medir to measure 11. pedir to ask for 12. seguir to continue/follow 13. vestir to get dressed

57 Foot Print Verbs E  I REÍR = to laugh reí reímos reíste reísteis riórieron

58 Stem-Changing Verbs 1. freír to fry 2. sonreír to smile 3. sentir

59 Foot Print Verbs O  U DORMIR = to sleep dormí dormimos dormistedormisteis durmió durmieron

60 Foot Print Verbs O  U MORIR = to die morí morimos moriste moristeismurió murieron