1 Pronouns Mrs. Prange
2 Pronoun-Definition A Pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun or another pronoun. Joe went to Lola’s house to borrow Lola’s cookbook so Joe could bake banana bread for Joe’s dinner party.
3 Antecedent of a PronounAntecedent: word to which the pronoun refers Ex. Barry likes chicken. He likes it fried. Mark offered to lend Bryan 50 cents for a can of soda, but he refused it because he had enough change to buy his own can.
4 Pronoun Classes 7 Types (classes) of Pronouns Personal IndefiniteReflexive Numerical Demonstrative Interrogative Relative
5 Personal Pronouns Personal pronouns are classed by personFirst Second Third Shows “number” (sing. or plural) Shows “gender” (masculine, feminine, neuter) Shows case or job Nominative(Subject) Objective(Object) Possessive See Tables on handout
6 Reflexive Pronouns These are the personal pronouns with a –self or–selves ending They put the action to another noun or pronoun in the sentence Peeling potatoes, I cut myself. They also add emphasis Jack himself prepared the meal. Hisself and theirselves DO NOT EXIST
7 Indefinite Pronouns Refers generally to people or thingsOmelets? I’ve made many. One must practice to be a chef. All is lost.
8 Agreement with PronounsA pronoun must agree with its antecedent in person, number, and gender Person: One should try, and you may succeed. Number: He diced onions for their salad. The student knocked their books off the desk. Indefinite Pronouns are singular Everyone promised to lend her aid. No one bothered to use his napkin. One of the dogs refused its food. Gender: He burned his steak. She fixed her lunch.
9 Agreement Cont. If two or more singular antecedents are linked by and, the pronoun is plural. Robert and Roger finished their shopping. If singular antecedents are joined by or or nor, the pronoun is singular. Neither Robert nor Roger remembered his list. BE CAREFUL of appositives or prepositional phrases. They are not antecedents. My favorite café, The Two Willows, bakes own bread. Gina, not Robert and Roger, grows own spices. One of the neighbors brought hibachi. Each of the guests gave advice.
10 Compound Subject or ObjectTo decide which pronoun, say the sentence with the compound separated. It is for you and (I, me) You and (I, me) will go Use same technique for a pronoun plus noun (We, Us) chefs are here Incomplete sentences-need to finish sentence I like you better than (he, him). I like you better than he likes you.
11 Pronoun Cases/Jobs Nominative Case Use as subjectWe baked chicken in curry sauce. He sampled the Baked Alaska Use as predicate nominative It is she eating the dessert. It had been they who ate too much.
12 Cases/Jobs Cont. Objective CaseUse as the direct object of a verb(?who/what?) Cooking bored him terribly. Eating inspired me to have patience. Use as indirect object of verb(?To whom/to what?) He offered him and her samples. He also gave them indigestion. Use as object of preposition Disappointment was too much for him To whom could we send him?
13 Cases/Jobs Cont. Possessive Case Use as sign of ownershipHis kitchen is ideal. Use as sign of authorship or origin Their recipes have been published. Use with gerund My cooking is adventurous.
14 Numerical Pronouns These specify a specific number of the antecedentCardinal numbers- one, two, three… Ordinal numbers- first, second, third… Pronoun: She bought tomatoes, but two were green. Adjective: She bought two tomatoes. Pronoun: When I tried your recipes, I liked the first. Adjective: I like your first recipe.
15 Demonstrative PronounsThis group demonstrate or point out a specific person or thing. This is my oak chopping board. Those are the sweets I like. Be careful, if they come before nouns, they are adjectives This spinach Those apples
16 Interrogative PronounsThese ask questions What became of my salad bowl? Which of the platters will hold the roast?
17 Relative Pronouns These begin clauses and connect them to the rest of the sentence The knife that you used is dull. Ginger is the spice which I need.