1 Reptiles and Amphibians
2 endangered species from around the world NOT IN WORK BOOK
3 1 1. Describe the identifying characteristics of six species of reptiles and four species of amphibians found in the United States.
4 #1 - Burmese python The Burmese python is over-populating the Florida Everglades and challenges an American alligator.
5 Burmese Python Native to the jungles and grassy marshes of Southeast Asia,
6 Burmese Python (if Internet fails)When young, they will spend much of their time in the trees. However, as they mature and their size and weight make tree climbing unwieldy, they transition to mainly ground-dwelling. They are also excellent swimmers, and can stay submerged for up to 30 minutes before surfacing for air.
7 Burmese Python (if internet fails)They kill by constriction, grasping a victim with their sharp teeth, coiling their bodies around the animal, and squeezing until it suffocates. They have stretchy ligaments in their jaws that allow them to swallow all their food whole
8 Reptile species 2 Flying DragonWorld's Weirdest: Flying Dragon It's no mythical monster. When threatened, this real-life lizard can glide half the length of a football field ... and still swoop in for a perfect landing. Identifying Characteristics – Next slide Habits: Habitat:
9 HABITAT - The flying dragon lizard lives in open forests and rain forests and rubbery plantations. - WHERE - Philippines to Malaysia and Indonesia.
10 1. Species 3 komodo dragon Identifying Characteristics Habits: Habitat: - next slide
11 Indonesia The Habitat - very dry - very hot.They can swim from an island Komodo islands
12 Retile species 4 Loggerhead TurtlesThe young turtles must make a run to the water and hide out to protect them from predators Atlantic ocean This video Identifying Characteristics Habits: Habitat:
13 Habitats saltwater and estuarine habitats,with females briefly coming ashore to lay eggs. They are endangered because they get caught in fishing gear
14 Reptile Species 5 California King Snake Identifying Characteristics Habits: Habitat: variety Dessert, Grass lands and shrub lands
15 Reptile species 6 Bearded DragonWhen they get too hot, bearded dragons will actually bask with their mouths wide open, almost like a panting dog!
16 hot, dry deserts of central Australia.harsh environment, and are well adapted to a desert lifestyle.
17 Nile Crocodile Habitat: AfricaStrong bite. Drags animals into water and drowns it.
18 Amphibian Species 1 bull frog Watch and take notes Identifying Characteristics- next Habits: Habitat:
19 Description: the largest frog in the United States,Coloration on the back is olive, green or brown. Darkish bands and blotches Habitat: ponds, lakes and streams in habitats ranging from desert oases to pine forests. It is usually found where there is quiet water with thick growth of cattails or other aquatic vegetation.
20 Amphibian 2 Surinam Sea ToadWatch and take notes Identifying Characteristics Habits: Habitat:
21 entirely aquatic amphibian, spending its whole life cycle in shallow pools within its swampy habitat. North America tactile organs or lobes present on the fingertips, which are used to explore the surrounding water and mud for aquatic invertebrates, crustaceans and fish.
22 Amphibian 3 Tanzanian toadtiny Tanzanian toad that all but disappeared after a dam reduced its waterfall habitat is being bred successfully in Syracuse, New York. Identifying Characteristics Habits: Habitat:
23 Habitat Waterfalls It was found only in the spray zone around the Kihansi waterfalls in the southern Udzungwa Mountains in Tanzania.[1]
24 Amphibian Salamanders World's Weirdest: Swallowed Newt Escapes Death The rough-skinned newt might look innocuous. But the newt's red underbelly means poison, and a frog is about to find out the hard way... by eating it. Identifying Characteristics Habits: Habitat:
25 Habitat – Ponds and Streams
26 Glass (Ninja frog) Habitat: rainforest Habits – Ninja kicks wasps
27 four of these, make sketches from your own observations or take photographs.Show markings, color patterns, or other characteristics that are important in the identification of each of the four species.
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29 2. a. approximate number of species and general geographic distribution of reptiles (R) and amphibians (A) in the United States.
30 Distribution of reptiles world wide
31 A total of 545 species of amphibians and reptiles are known from the United StatesThe warmer states - Texas and Florida, have a higher diversity than northern states, such as Alaska and North Dakota. The amphibian diversity is highest in the southeast United States with Virginia having 70 species.
32 2. Reptile diversity is higher in thesouthwest with Texas having 139 species.
33 Amphibian s– Southeastern Area – Virginia, Alabama, Tennasse2. a. approximate number of species and general geographic distribution of reptiles (R) and amphibians (A) in the United States. 14 R 18 A 20 R 24 A 15 R 10 A 27 R 20 A 47 R 14 A 74R 43 A 49 R 13 A Virginia 57 R 70 A 54 R 60 A 77R 66 A 139 R 49A Total - 188 103 R 54 A T otal - 157 Reptiles – Texas and Florida Amphibian s– Southeastern Area – Virginia, Alabama, Tennasse
34 2. b. Prepare a list of the most common species found in your local area or state.1. Garter snake
35 b. Reptiles in Utah 2. Horned lizard
36 b. Reptiles in Utah 3. Sagebrush lizard
37 b. Reptiles in Utah 4. Desert Turtle
38 b. Reptiles in Utah 5. Great Basin Collared Lizard
39 b. Reptiles in Utah 6. Gopher snake
40 b. Reptiles in Utah 7. Rattle snake
41 b. Reptiles in Utah 8. DESERT IGUANA
42 b. Reptiles in Utah 9. painted turtle
43 b. Reptiles in Utah 10. Corn snake
44 b. Amphibians in Utah 1. Bull frog
45 b. Amphibians in Utah 2. tree frog
46 b. Amphibians in Utah 3. Green frog
47 b. Amphibians in Utah 4. LEOPARD FROG
48 b. Amphibians in Utah 5. GREAT PLAINS TOAD
49 b. Amphibians in Utah 6. Tiger salamander
50 b. Amphibians in Utah 6. PACIFIC TREEFROG
51 3. Describe the main differences between Amphibians and reptilesAmphibians breath through their skin so they must live close to water. Amphibian means "living double lives", - water and land Reptiles (meaning "to creep stealthily under cover of darkness")
52 3. Describe the main differences betweenb. Alligators and crocodiles This video Alligators have a broad snout, while crocodiles have a thinner snout
53 Alligators can only be found in the Floridaand in some parts of China. Crocodiles can be found all over the world.
54 You can’t see an alligator’s teeth when its mouth is closed; its lower teeth fit snugly into pits in the upper jaw. In contrast, a crocodile’s lower teeth are always visible.
55 3. Describe the main differences betweenc. Toads and frogs. - Frogs have smoother, slimier skin Toads have drier bumpier skin
56 3. Describe the main differences betweend. Salamanders and lizards Salamanders are amphibians – breath through their skin like frogs Lizards are reptiles
57 3. Describe the main differences betweene. Snakes and lizards Snakes don't have eyelids so they cant blink like a lizard usually legs (there are some legless lizards) lizards have external ears
58 Skink This is a lizard - eats insects
59 4. a Explain how reptiles and amphibians are an important component of the natural environmentcontrolling pests such as mice, rats, slugs, crickets, termites, and other insects. "indicator animals" meaning that their health and well being is directly connected to the health of their environment.
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61 4b List four species that are officially protected by the federal government or state you live in, and tell why each is protected. List three species of reptiles not protected. and three species of amphibians found not protected. Discuss the food habits of all ten species.
62 Protected Species 1 Desert tortoiseWhy protected? – Because people are moving into its habitat (home is destroyed) Food habits – dandelions – and any desert plants Arizona , California , Nevada , Utah
63 Protected Species 2 Sea turtles All seven species of sea turtles are listed under the Endangered Species Act. Why protected? They eat the plastic that gets into the ocean and some were over hunted Also, they lay their eggs on land – eggs get destroyed. Food habits – some eat sea weed and some feed on small sea animals like crabs, mollusks and jellyfish.
64 Protected Species 3 Lowland Leopard Frog (utah)Why protected? Habitat destruction Habitat: small to medium streams, and occurs in small springs, stock ponds, and occasionally in large rivers. Populations typically occur in aquatic systems with surrounding desert scrub, semi desert grassland, or evergreen woodland. Food habits - insects
65 Protected Species 4 spotted frog (utah)Why protected? – Destruction of the WETLANDS Food habits - Insects
66 END OF DAY 2
67 Unprotected Reptile 1 COMMON SAGEBRUSH LIZARDFood habits insects and spiders.
68 Unprotected Reptile 2 COMMON GARTERSNAKEFood habits earthworms, fishes, and amphibians, but insects, spiders, small mammals
69 Unprotected Reptile 3 Snapping TurtleFood habits plant material, invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, small birds, and even rodents
70 Unprotected Amphibian 1 Bull frogFood - mostly insects but also any small vertebrates Aside: is NOT native to Utah; it has been introduced Unfortunately, these introductions have apparently led to declines in many amphibian species native to Utah
71 Unprotected Amphibian 2 Boreal ToadFood - mostly ants, beetles, and grasshoppers,
72 Unprotected Amphibian 3 LEOPARD FROGFood – insects You can see them near cattails
73 5. Describe how reptiles and amphibians reproduceMost reptiles lay eggs on land with a hard shell that are hatched into tiny reptiles
74 Amphibians Amphibians lay eggs in the water without a hard shell –Metamorphoses - these eggs develop into tad poles that develop into frogs.
75 6. From observation, describe how snakes move forward.(click this video) Notice how they use their muscles and scales Aside Do snakes have a back bone?
76 Off course they Do!! They are VERTEBRATES – They are not big worms
77 7 Describe in detail six venomous snakesand the one venomous lizard found in the United States. Describe their habits and geographic range. Deadliest weapon - Jacobs Organ
78 Deadliest Weapon of a Deadly Snake Watch this video – don’t need to write anything downA snake can track prey using its tongue and nose. But its secret weapon is the Jacobson's organ, a superpowered sensor that helps it detect prey.
79 7 Venomous Snake 1 King Cobrathe world's longest venomous snake Watch and take notes Range – next slide
80 King cobra range forests from India through Southeast Asiato Indonesia and the Philippines.
81 7. Venoumous snake 2. Coral snake This one is the milk snake
82 More on Coral snake Description -If red touches yellow – You’re a dead fellow Aside – New World coral snakes possess one of the most potent venoms of any North American snake 15–25 coral snake bites in the United States each year.[5]
83 Coral snakes Habits coral snakes will almost always attempt to flee, and bite only as a last resort Old World coral snakes and New World coral snakes. T 11 species of Old World coral snake and over 65 recognized species of New World Range: - next slide Range: next slide
84 Coral Snake Habitat pine and scrub oak -Range – North America – Arizona – Texas - Florida
85 venoumous snakes 3 3. Rattle snake Vide - click
86 Range of rattle snake Rattlesnakes are native to the Americas, but can live in any habitat and can be found all over the globe The large majority of species live in the American southwest and Mexico Four species may be found east of the Mississippi river, and two in South America. In the United States, the states with the most types of rattlesnakes are Texas and Arizona
87 Venomous Snake 4 Namaqua dwarf adderThe Namaqua dwarf adder is the smallest venomous snake in the world a maximum length of just 28 centimetres ( A true viper They have long hinged, hollow fangs that allow them to inject venom into their victims; when not in use, these fangs fold back and rest against the roof of the mouth (2).
88 Namaqua dwarf adder Range South Africa white coastal sand dunesNamibia,
89 Venomous Snake 5 Olive-brown sea snakeThe olive-brown sea snake is specially adapted to a life at sea with special glands located in the mouth that allow it to get rid of excess salt. This snake is also somewhat docile making its enzyme-loaded venom (that digests prey from the inside) slightly less terrifying.
90 Olive-brown sea snake unlike land snakes, a flattened, paddle-like tail suited to swimming . Its head is not distinct from the body, giving this species a worm-like appearance (. Range- Coast of Australia
91 Venomous Snake 6 Black mambaa long and extremely venomous snake found in Southern Africa. It gets its name from its distinctive black mouth. If its neurotoxic venom was not enough for you, the black mamba is also highly aggressive and very fast – not a good mix if you were to stumble into its territory.
92 Black mamba Range Eastern Africa and Southern Africa
93 Venomous Lizard Gila MonsterIn Utah, preferred habitats for the gila monster include large rocky shelves, sandy areas, The diet of the gila monster is composed of eggs (of ground nesting birds, lizards, and snakes), small mammals, lizards, and insects.
94 Gila Monster - rANGE Nevada, Arizona and Mexico
95 What do you do if you are bit by a snake?Get to a hospital They will need to identify the snake so take a picture if possible, if not write down or remember the color, special markings, the shape of the head – etc. Keep the area of the area of the snake bite lower than the heart. Keep the bitten area still. You can immobilize the area with an improvised splint made from a board, magazines, or other stiff material tied to the limb. Don't tie it too tight---you don't want to reduce blood flow.
96 Tips: If bitten by a rattlesnake, DO NOT use ice to cool the bite.If bitten by a rattlesnake, DO NOT cut open the wound and try to suck out the venom. If bitten by a rattlesnake, DO NOT use a tourniquet. This will cut off blood flow and the limb may be lost. Avoid rattlesnakes altogether. If you see one, don't try to get closer to it or catch it. Keep your hands and feet away from areas where you cannot see, like between rocks or in tall grass where rattlesnakes like to rest.
97 End of day
98 9. Do TWO of the following:a. Identify at night three kinds of toads or frogs by their voices. Imitate the song of each for your counselor. . b. Identify by sight eight species of reptiles or amphibians.
99 . a.Identify three kinds of toads or frogs by their voices. Imitate the song of each for your counselor. - I will play the sounds and you will repeat it back to me. Next few slides from this web site
100 1 bull frog
101 2. American Toad
102 3. Leopard frog
103 What is this one? American Toad American Toad
104 What is this one? 3. Leopard frog 3. Leopard frog
105 What is this one? American Toad American Toad
106 What is this one? Bull Frog Bull Frog
107 What is this one? 3. Leopard frog 3. Leopard frog
108 b. Identify by sight eight species of reptiles or amphibians.Next 8 slides Name these
109 1. Gila Monster
110 2. Coral Snake
111 3 Rattle snake
112 4 Snapping turtle
113 5 Leopard Frog
114 6 Bearded dragon
115 7 California King Snake
116 8 King Cobra
117 1. Turtles are slow and lazy 10. Give five superstitions about reptiles and amphibians and a correct explanation for each. 1. Turtles are slow and lazy may be slow on land but in water, they are streamlined and fast: the Pacific leatherback turtle can swim at speeds up to 35km/hr making it the fastest-moving reptile in the world
118 2. Snakes are one of the most feared creatures on earth with many people believing them responsible for numerous deaths. But in fact, in the United States, four times more people dies from wasp and bee stings than from snake bites!
119 3. Myth -Touching a frog or toad will give you warts.How It Started Many frogs and toads have bumps on their skin that look like warts. Some people think the bumps are contagious. Why It's Not True "Warts are caused by a human virus, not frogs or toads," says dermatologist Jerry Litt. But the wartlike bumps behind a toad's ears can be dangerous. These parotoid glands contain a nasty poison that irritates the mouths of some predators and often the skin of humans. So toads may not cause warts, but they can cause other nasties. It's best not to handle these critters—warts and all!
120 the carpet viper which lives in the region from West Africa to India.4. Myth - The snake responsible for most human deaths is not the famous king cobra or rattlesnake but the carpet viper which lives in the region from West Africa to India.
121 5. Myth – Snakes are the most venomous animals in the worldgold poison arrow frog is the most venomous. It has enough poison in its system to kill 20 humans
122 Give seven examples of unusual behavior or other true facts about reptiles and amphibians.We have already done this through out our discussions on reptiles and amphibians so put an X through it in your notes.
123 What is this one? 3. Leopard frog 3. Leopard frog