1 Review What does ecology mean?What are the two main components of an ecosystem? Explain ecological succession? Use the example of death valley

2 Ecology: Biomes Mr. DeGuzman Biology A

3 What affects climate? Climate in an area is affected by two main things Direct sunlight (heat) Precipitation

4 Biomes There are two main types of biomesLand Aquatic (water) We will speed through both today

5 Land Biomes Land biomes Tropical Rain forest Tropical Dry ForestTropical Savanna Desert Temperate Grassland Temperate Woodland and Shrubland Temperate Forest Northern Coniferous Forest Boreal Forest or Taiga Tundra

6 Tropical rain forest Temperate grassland Temperate forest Tundra Tropical dry forest Northwestern coniferous forest Mountains and ice caps Desert Tropical savanna Temperate woodland and shrubland Boreal forest (Taiga)

7 Ten Major Biomes Biome Precipitation Temperature Soil Diversity Trees Grasses Tropical Rain Forest high hot poor dense sparse Tropical Dry Forest variable mild rich moderate medium Tropical Savanna clay Desert low Temperate Grassland summer hot absent Temperate woodland and Shrubland summer low, winter moderate Temperate Forest summer moderate, winter cold Northwestern Coniferous Forest summer mild, winter cold rocky, acidic Boreal Forest summer mild, winter cool poor, acidic Tundra summer mild, winter cold

8 Aquatic biomes There are 3 main types of aquatic biomes.Can you guess what might be the difference in the water for each biome? Salt content The 3 main types of aquatic biomes Freshwater Marine (saltwater) Estuaries

9 Freshwater Pond EcosystemSection 4-4 Spoonbill Frogs lay eggs in the shallow water near shore.The eggs hatch in the water as tadpoles and move to the land as adults. The shore is lined with grasses that provide shelter and nesting places for birds and other organisms. The roots of water lilies cling to the pond bottom, while their leaves, on long flexible stems, float on the surface. The bottom of the pond is inhabited by decomposers and other organisms that feed on particles drifting down from the Fish share the pond with turtles and other animals. Many of them feed on insects at the water’s edge. Plankton and the organisms that feed on them live near the surface where there is enough sunlight for photosynthesis. Microscopic algae are among the most important producers. Duck Water lilies Frog Dragonfly Mosquito larvae Duckweed Phytoplankton Snail Pickerel Diving beetle Trout Hydra Crayfish Snail Benthic crustaceans Go to Section:

10 Figure 4-17 Zones of a Marine EcosystemSection 4-4 land Photic zone 200m Coastal ocean 1000m Open ocean 4000m Aphotic zone 6000m Ocean trench 10,000m Continental shelf Continental slope and continental rise Abyssal plain Go to Section:

11 Tundra Tundra Located near the polesTreeless biome covered by moss, lichens, and grasses Permafrost – a layer of permanently frozen subsoil

12

13 Boreal Forest Boreal Forest or TaigaCovered by coniferous (cone bearing) trees. Bears, wolves, moose, elk are some of the typical animals

14

15 Temperate Forest Temperate forestPlants change during the seasons (leaves change color)

16

17 Grasslands GrasslandsMost of the rainfall occurs in one part of the season Hot summers, cold winters

18

19 Tropical Rain Forest Tropical rain forestReceive centimeters of rain a year Constant temperature. Home of the most types of animals than any other biome. Many colorful

20

21 Deserts Deserts Less than 25 cm of rain falls a yearBoth plants and animals must be able to retain moisture. Birds, lizards, snakes, insects are typical Cactus and sagebrush sparsely cover the area

22

23 Freshwater biomes Rivers, streams, and lakes

24

25 Marine Biomes Includes all of the oceanMarine biomes are divided into 4 subcategories Intertidal zone Neritic zone Open-sea zone Deep-sea zone

26

27

28 Estuaries Estuaries are the boundaries between freshwater and saltwater. Since it is a mix of the two, a variety of organisms can be supported. Examples of estuaries Delta, swamp, lagoon

29

30 Homework SA 4-3 all questions SA 4-4 all questions

31 Handout Student led discussion

32 Biome brochure First mini project