1 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 1

2 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？We might have eaten a lot of chocolates during Christmas and New Year. The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Troy Lacey and Avery Foley on December 14, I now quote their article below: “Chocolate is a favorite among many people; we eat it, we drink it, we coat stuff in it. A new study by evolutionary scientists claims that understanding the evolutionary origins of the cocoa plant could have positive ramifications for the chocolate industry. They do this in part by looking at their hypothetical evolutionary tree (called a phylogenetic tree). Researchers say that their “molecular phylogenetics and distribution” clock studies led them to believe that cocoa is much older than they once thought (in a nutshell, they analyze hereditary molecular differences, mainly in DNA sequences, and use this information to postulate an organism's evolutionary relationships). In other words, the secular researchers look at the cocoa plant in light of an evolutionary worldview and, based on their evolutionary beliefs, have now adjusted their ancient date of the cocoa plant to be even older in their story. 12/18/2017 2

3 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“They also postulate that ancient diversification of the plant resulted in increased genetic variability. Based on this story, the hope is that this could yield novel and delicious chocolate flavors as well as produce cocoa plants that are hardier, more resistant to disease, and able to grow elsewhere in the world. But is it really an understanding of cocoa’s supposed evolution that we need? 12/18/2017 3

4 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“Chocolate and Natural Selection “The authors of the study, which was published in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, attempt to show the supposed evolution of the cocoa plant. According to the study, the Theobroma cacao plant (from which cocoa is produced) diverged from its most recent common ancestor about 9.9 million years ago and then diverged early from other lineages within the genus. According to the summary article, “the early diversification produced an enormous amount of genetic diversity within the cacao tree, resulting in the creation of additional species that still may not be fully understood.” 12/18/2017 4

5 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？12/18/2017 5

6 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“The practical applications (when stripped of the evolutionary baggage) are stated in the journal article: “The timing of diversification and extent of variability has implications for the chocolate industry as basing plantations on only a percentage of this genetic diversity means that it may be at unnecessary risk from disease and other threats such as climate change. Under-utilized wild varieties may be brought into cultivation to introduce greater genetic diversity that might protect against these risks and also introduce a wider range of flavors to the industry. 12/18/2017 6

7 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“In other words, domestication and artificial selection for some of the best traits (larger cacao beans, less bitter cacao beans, higher fat content in the nibs, and so on) have decreased the genetic diversity of the species. Now scientists are looking at ways to see if wild varieties can add back in some genetic diversity to make them more resistant to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. “Rapid diversification is what we would expect from plant species early on in the post-Flood world. 12/18/2017 7

8 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“In reality this has nothing to do with supposed algae-to-tree evolution. Rapid diversification is what we would expect from plant species early on in the post-Flood world. Genetic drift, natural selection, mutation, and others would have all been viable mechanisms driving speciation in a new world going through radical climate changes and ongoing geological upheavals. Once humans found out the potential of the cacao tree and domesticated the plant to produce cocoa, they began the process of artificially selecting the plants with the best traits (and once commercialization took over, this practice became standardized). This process over the past few centuries has led to a loss of genetic diversity. Natural selection is not a mechanism that resulted in the origin and evolution of the cacao tree; instead it is a God-given mechanism that helped the tree speciate, survive, and thrive in the ecological and geographical niche it was in. Artificial selection may have improved productivity, but it cost the plant genetic diversity, which has made it more susceptible to diseases. 12/18/2017 8

9 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“Chocolate and Social Justice “One added benefit of this study is the potential for more fair trade and ethically derived sources for chocolate. The article notes that “greater knowledge of the cacao tree and its relatives could broaden the sources for the world’s cocoa supply, allowing chocolate to be cultivated in regions that offer greater protection for workers, a welcome development in an industry blighted by reports of child labor,” particularly in West Africa. This is certainly an admirable goal in a biblical worldview. But these researchers hold to an evolutionary worldview, and in this view there is no ultimate basis for calling child labor wrong! How does an immaterial concept evolve (evolution applies only to material things)? In an evolutionary worldview, right and wrong are arbitrary because there is no ultimate basis, just man himself, so how can what is right and wrong as determined by one person apply to all people everywhere? While evolutionists can be moral and call things right and wrong, they do so arbitrarily and inconsistently with their worldview. 12/18/2017 9

10 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？12/18/2017 10

11 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“But in a biblical worldview, God and His Word provide an ultimate basis for determining right and wrong. God is the Creator and the very definition of good. Oppressing others is wrong, and Christians are to fight against oppression, especially the oppression of orphans and widows. Here is just a small sampling of the many verses that command God’s followers to seek justice, “Learn to do good; Seek justice, Rebuke the oppressor; Defend the fatherless, Plead for the widow. (Isaiah 1:17) 12/18/2017 11

12 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“Open your mouth, judge righteously, And plead the cause of the poor and needy. (Proverbs 31:9) “Defend the poor and fatherless; Do justice to the afflicted and needy. (Psalm 82:3) “He has shown you, O man, what is good; And what does the Lord require of you But to do justly, To love mercy, And to walk humbly with your God? (Micah 6:8) 12/18/2017 12

13 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“Christians should be excited about the prospect that good, observable research (unlike evolutionary storytelling) could not only introduce new flavors of chocolate and increase the global production of cocoa beans, but that it also has the potential to help people to be treated fairly. We should strive to promote social justice in this world. One way that we at Answers in Genesis are doing that is through a Fair Trade Market here at the Creation Museum for Christmas Town. This market allows guests to shop for unique Christmas gifts that were ethically sourced. 12/18/2017 13

14 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“Chocolate as a Reminder of God’s Goodness “Instead of giving us an insight into the evolutionary history of chocolate, this study actually shows us the amazing diversity God has placed into all organisms. Even when we commercially exploit a product and may have dramatically reduced its genetic diversity, God has created ample wild varieties and given humans the intellect to hybridize plant species to make them hardier. “Even in a sin-cursed, post-Fall world, God gives us much to enjoy. 12/18/2017 14

15 The Evolution of . . . Chocolate? 巧克力的演变。。。 ？“In addition, we know that God created plants for human enjoyment (Genesis 1:29). Even in a sin-cursed, post-Fall world, God gives us much to enjoy. When the Israelites were getting ready to enter Canaan, God told them of the sweets they would enjoy: fig trees, pomegranates, and honey (Deuteronomy 8:8). Prior to the discovery of cocoa and the manufacture of chocolate (which has added sugar), these were some of the sweetest foods available. Now we live in a world where chocolate is readily obtainable, and like the Israelites who were reminded not to forget the good things God had given and was going to give to them, we should also acknowledge that “Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and comes down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow of turning” (James 1:17). And yes, chocolate is one of those God-given gifts for us to enjoy.” Thank God for the contributions of Troy Lacey and Avery Foley. 12/18/2017 15

16 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 16

17 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 17

18 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Tim Chaffey on November 30, 2010; last featured December 12, I now quote his article below: “Misconception: Jesus was born among the animals in the stable because there was no room for Joseph and Mary at the inn. “Several years ago, I attended a Christmas drama performed by members of a local church. The main character of the play was an innkeeper. He was eventually forced to turn away Joseph and Mary (who had just arrived in Bethlehem) because the hotel was completely booked. However, the innkeeper still found room for them in one of the area stables. The cast performed wonderfully, and their portrayal of the night Christ was born is fairly common, but how does it compare to the Word of God? 12/18/2017 18

19 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“Information about Christ's birth is recorded in the second chapter of Luke: “Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and lineage of David, to be registered with Mary, his betrothed wife, who was with child. So it was, that while they were there, the days were completed for her to be delivered. And she brought forth her firstborn Son, and wrapped Him in swaddling cloths, and laid Him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn. (Luke 2:4–7) 12/18/2017 19

20 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“It may come as a surprise to many that the Bible does not provide us with many more details than this about the birth of Christ. The following passages in Luke 2 discuss the angel's announcement of Christ's birth to the shepherds and the shepherds' subsequent visit to see Jesus. Matthew 1:24–25 states that Joseph took Mary as "his wife, and did not know her till she had brought forth her firstborn Son. And he called His name JESUS." The following chapter discusses the visit of the Magi some time later and the escape to Egypt. 12/18/2017 20

21 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？12/18/2017 21

22 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“A few points must be made as we compare the modern retelling of the birth of Jesus with the truth of Scripture. First, the Bible certainly teaches that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, but it does not state that Joseph and Mary arrived in that town just in time for her to deliver. In fact, this scenario is highly unlikely since it is doubtful that the two would attempt to make the arduous 70-mile trip from Nazareth in the final stages of her pregnancy. Also, Luke 2:6 implies that they were in Bethlehem for a while before Jesus was born ("while they were there, the days were completed"). 12/18/2017 22

23 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“Second, the Bible makes no mention of any innkeeper who told them that the inn was full for the night. The reason we imagine this scenario is because the translators of most English versions have chosen the word "inn" to translate the Greek word καταλυμα (kataluma), which gives modern readers the wrong impression. Jesus used this same Greek word in Luke 22:11 to refer to a "guest room." This room is now known as the Upper Room—the scene of the Last Supper, the meal that Jesus ate with His disciples the night before His Crucifixion. 12/18/2017 23

24 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“That may not sound convincing to most people who are familiar with the traditional telling of the Christmas account. But consider that the Greek language has a word for hotel or inn. In fact, Luke used it in Luke 10:34, when he wrote about the Good Samaritan who took the beaten man to the "inn" (pandocheion, πανδοχειον) and paid the "innkeeper" (pandochei, πανδοχει, v. 35) to care for the man. “The Bible states that there was no room for them in the kataluma, which would be better translated as “guest room.” 12/18/2017 24

25 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“Since Luke was quite familiar with the proper term for inn, why didn't he use it in the account of the birth of Jesus? The probable answer is that Joseph and Mary did not attempt to stay at an inn. The Bible states that there was no room for them in the kataluma, which would be better translated as "guest room." “Joseph and Mary returned to Joseph's ancestral home of Bethlehem because of the census (Luke 2:1–4). As the census was proclaimed throughout the Roman Empire, many Jewish families would have needed to travel to Bethlehem during this time and lodged with relatives who lived in the town. 12/18/2017 25

26 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“Joseph and Mary probably stayed with Joseph's relatives in Bethlehem, but because of the large influx of people, the house would have been crowded and the kataluma (guest room) was full. Consequently, Joseph and Mary would have been relegated to living in the lower level of the house. It is hard to believe that pregnant Mary would have been turned away from a relative's home in a society that greatly valued familial ties. 12/18/2017 26

27 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“Archaeologists have excavated first century homes from the Judean hill country. They have discovered that the upper level served as a guest chamber while the lower level served as the living and dining rooms. Oftentimes, the more vulnerable animals would be brought in at night to protect them from the cold and theft. This sounds strange to many of us, since we wouldn't dream of bringing some of our cattle into the house at night, but even today in some countries of Europe (e.g., Germany and Austria), the farmhouse and the animal quarters are often different parts of the same building. 12/18/2017 27

28 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？12/18/2017 28

29 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“There is biblical support for the concept of animals being kept in the house. The infamous account of Jephthah (Judges 11) states that he planned to sacrifice the first thing that came out of his house upon his return. Apparently, he expected an animal to come out of his house. Little did he know that his daughter would come out to greet him before any of the animals came out. So there seems to be biblical precedent for keeping animals in the house. “This is where the manger comes into play. Mary likely gave birth to Jesus in the lower level of a crowded house, in which some of the animals had been brought in for the night. She then wrapped Jesus in swaddling cloths and laid Him in the manger (feeding trough). 12/18/2017 29

30 Born in a Barn (Stable)? 出生在一个谷仓（马厩）？“Of course, we should never become so focused on the peripheral details of this account that we miss the most important point. Jesus Christ, the eternal Son of God, became a descendant of Adam so that He could ultimately go to the Cross and die in our place. Now the descendants of Adam can be saved from an eternity of separation from their Creator. God gave His Son to this world, which is the greatest gift that could ever be given. Let us celebrate this truth and tell the world about God's amazing love.” Thank God for the contribution of theologian Tim Chaffey. 12/18/2017 30

31 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 31

32 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 32

33 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Dr. Andrew Fabich on December 10, I now quote his article below: “The strength of Darwin’s argument was common ancestry. Darwin agreed that if we evolved from monkeys, then we shouldn’t see monkeys today. Thus, rather than suggest we came from monkeys, he insisted that we shared a common ancestor with them. According to Darwin, we share certain features with other organisms because of common ancestry rather than common design. Even though the science of genetics revolutionized Darwinian evolution, some “old” ideas persisted within neo-Darwinism with a twist. Instead of looking for visible features that organisms share in common, secular scientists are looking for DNA sequences that organisms share in common. One of these evidences that evolutionists commonly cite is called Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs). 12/18/2017 33

34 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 “What Is an Endogenous Retrovirus (ERV)? “Endogenous Retroviruses can easily turn into one of those terms evolutionists hide behind to try to “prove” they are right. While the word can be a mouthful and the letters sound like alphabet soup, ERVs can be understood by separating the various parts into understandable chunks. “The easiest part to understand about ERVs is that they are viruses. In this fallen world, we understand viruses to be obligate intracellular parasites. That’s a fancy way to say that viruses are extremely small parasites that feed off our cells. Viruses are efficient machines that carry only what they need to infect the next cell. Among the variation of viruses that exist is a subset of viruses known as retroviruses. 12/18/2017 34

35 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 “Perhaps the most famous retrovirus is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The claim to fame for all retroviruses is that they modified what is known as the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology says that DNA is converted to RNA, which is converted to protein. Retroviruses modified the Central Dogma by demonstrating a method of converting RNA into DNA using the enzyme reverse transcriptase. Reverse transcriptase is the hallmark characteristic of all retroviruses. 12/18/2017 35

36 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 12/18/2017 36

37 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 “One of the unique features of retroviruses . . . is their ability to integrate into the host genome and remain there for long periods of time. “Typically, we think of retroviruses existing outside of us and spreading from one person to another (exogenously). While this is how retroviruses often work, there is a significant proportion of retroviruses that remain inside of cells. Retroviruses that remain inside cells are referred to as endogenous retroviruses. One of the unique features of retroviruses (and one of the mechanisms that makes HIV such a deadly disease) is their ability to integrate into the host genome and remain there for long periods of time (possibly even permanently). 12/18/2017 37

38 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 “So an Endogenous Retrovirus (ERV) is a piece of DNA found inside an organism’s genome that looks like a retrovirus. ERVs have particular DNA sequences that molecular biologists can use to identify them. “To limit the disruption these viruses can cause, mammals produce proteins that can keep most of them locked down. Eventually, most endogenous retroviruses mutate so much they are reduced to genetic baggage, unable to do anything at all. Yet they still bear all the hallmarks of viruses, and are thus recognizable to scientists who sequence genomes. 12/18/2017 38

39 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 “ERVs normally stay in one location in the genome, but they are also known to jump around the genome and insert into different places. For that reason, ERVs are often called “jumping genes.” ERVs are one potential way to generate diversity within a species from generation to generation, depending on where the insertion occurs. 12/18/2017 39

40 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 “How Do Evolutionists Claim the ERVs Support Common Ancestry? “A powerful source of evidence that modern species diverged from ancestral species via descent with modification is that of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). “One important aspect of ERVs that garners a lot of attention is that ERVs can be found in the exact same location in the genome across a variety of species. Evolutionists combine this fact with their preconceived ideas of common ancestry and come up with the idea that ERVs demonstrate evolution. For example, 12/18/2017 40

41 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 “ERVs are usually species-specific, inserted almost randomly in the host genome, and the error or mutation that inactivated the gene is random. If two organisms share the same ERV in the same location with the same inactivation mutations, then they almost certainly share them due to common inheritance and not two separate infections. Researchers analyze shared ERV insertions across species to construct phylogenetic trees. For example, the common ERVs in simians indicates they share a common genome. When phylogenetic trees are constructed based on the pattern of ERVs, they indicate humans share more ERVs with chimps than either share with gorillas. Other examples are known. This is strong evidence for common descent. 12/18/2017 41

42 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-1 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-1 “Evolutionists argue that ERVs should be found in evolutionarily related species because of common ancestry. Therefore, they claim ERVs to be proof of evolution since we find certain ERVs in the exact same location across the genome of “evolutionarily related” species. As a result, ERVs have become an often cited evidence “proving” that evolution is true. “However, we know that evidence doesn’t speak for itself. Part of the scientific method demands interpretation. Since every scientist has to interpret the evidence, their interpretation bias affects what they say about origins. So ERVs, in and of themselves, do not prove evolution any more than they prove creation. Since we know the Word of God is true, we know that ERVs cannot be proof of evolution. There are several arguments opposing the evolutionary fairy tale that ERVs prove common ancestry…….. 12/18/2017 42

43 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 43

44 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 44

45 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “Where Did ERVs Come From? “Evolutionists will say that shared ERVs prove evolution to be true because of common ancestry and that common ancestry assumes that there will be shared ERVs. Making such a claim is silly because this kind of circular reasoning is unsupported by any outside information. In fact, there are several characteristics of ERVs that strongly support a biblical worldview. “1. ERVs Are Not Junk “The fact that any ERVs . . . exist among primates at all strongly argues against common ancestry by itself. 12/18/2017 45

46 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “Assuming the Darwinian hypothesis is correct, ERVs would have inserted into the genome and remained there for millions of years. This is why evolutionists say they see shared ERVs in many organisms today that shared a common ancestor millions of years ago. Josh Dubnau at Cold Spring Harbor Labs said, “We’ve had these things in our genomes for millions of years. Anything that can be used by evolution will be used by evolution.” Dubnau’s statement can easily be turned into the following assertion: evolution eliminates what will be eliminated by evolution. It is important to realize that evolution works based on a “use it or lose it” basis. The fact that any ERVs (which are “leftover, useless” pieces of DNA) exist among primates at all strongly argues against common ancestry by itself. 12/18/2017 46

47 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “But why should so-called junk DNA be conserved for millions (even billions) of years of evolution when it supposedly has no purpose? The argument of junk DNA simply perpetuates the problems with the vestigial organs argument, but at the molecular level. If the genome has no purpose for such elements by evolutionists’ reasoning, then it should have been eliminated millions of years ago. You can’t have your cake and eat it, too. 12/18/2017 47

48 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 12/18/2017 48

49 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “2. Saying “ERV” Does Not Prove Evolution “Another problem with the idea that ERVs support common ancestry is the logical fallacy known as the “argument from ignorance.” Simply finding ERVs in a genome is not sufficient proof common ancestry occurred. ERVs do not come with a birth or death certificate. Therefore, there is no way to know beyond a shadow of a doubt (as many evolutionists claim) that this somehow proves evolution. Moreover, evolutionists are not willing to imbibe arguments suggesting alternative explanations for why we find ERVs where we do. Surely some evolutionists could retort saying that we are holding to a “God of the gaps” to rescue our position, but that simply is not the case. For one, evolutionists have their own version of a “God of the gaps.” It’s called “Evolution of the Gaps.” 12/18/2017 49

50 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “Further, scientists are finding actual functions for a number of ERVs, which declassifies them as junk and demotes the argument that they are evolutionary proof for common ancestry to just wishful thinking. “Absence of proof is not proof of absence”—attributed to William Cowper. “I would really like an evolutionist to tell me why the only reason an ERV exists in the genome is to prove common ancestry. Pigeonholing ERVs as solely proof of common ancestry leads to myriad problems in doing good science. When you assume the outcomes of your experiments before conducting them and fit the data to your own interpretation, you leave the realm of science and enter the realm of self-fulfilling prophecy. 12/18/2017 50

51 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “3. ERVs Are Strong Support for Design, Not Evolution “Perhaps the strongest argument against ERVs proving common ancestry is the idea of “plagiarized mistakes” presented by Dr. David DeWitt. In his book Unraveling the Origins Controversy (2015), he states, “’When a teacher has two tests submitted that are the same, it suggests that the two students cheated. However, if the students both got 100%, the fact that they are the same does not mean that they cheated. However, if the students both got 60% and had identical incorrect (original emphasis) responses, then this would be convincing evidence that the students did in fact cheat. . . . 12/18/2017 51

52 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “’Plagiarized mistakes lead one to believe that they are both derived from a common source. In the same way, evolutionists argue that there are plagiarized mistakes that are common in different types of organisms. . . . However, in order to have a “plagiarized mistake” two conditions must be met. Both sources [of information] must be the same and there must be an error (or in this case a mutation without a function.) While there are examples of these mistakes in common, there are plenty of ones that are not. (234–236)’ 12/18/2017 52

53 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “When comparing any given stretch of DNA sequence, the best anyone can say in favor of common descent is that it appears related. However, this idea is limited because it ignores the fact that ERVs could exist in similar places in different genomes with the exact same sequence in order to perform an essential function. The number of ERVs coding for important proteins continues to grow and the concept that they have no function is disappearing with each genome sequenced. One example is an essential ERV required for mammalian development. 12/18/2017 53

54 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “When sequences are identical, claiming common ancestry is a moot point because they could be part of what is considered essential for life as designed by God, and we simply don’t know what they do yet. When the sequences are similar, claiming common ancestry is disputable because they aren’t identical. If there were a common ancestor identified because of ERV similarities, then the ERV mistakes would have to be in exactly the same places consistently through shared common ancestry; however, while there are some similarities, the kinds of the differences and their magnitudes are inconsistently shared through supposed common ancestral lineages. 12/18/2017 54

55 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “Therefore, an ERV similarity cannot be the basis for determining whether two organisms share common ancestry (no matter what kind of convergent evolutionary rescuing device is used). It is a vicious catch-22 that they cannot reason their way out of. At the end of the day, it is reminiscent of the question, which came first—the chicken or the egg? No one can even say which came first when ERVs are quickly becoming or already were an essential feature of the genome. 12/18/2017 55

56 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “4. ERV Identities and Similarities Are Not One and the Same “An idea related to “plagiarized mistakes” is the basis on which it is built: percent similarities. Evolutionists often hide behind the idea of percent similarity at the DNA level on a number of issues (ERVs are no exception). However, biologists often use the word similarity in a very different way than the general public perceives it. Biologists have three working definitions for the word similar: similar-similar, similar-dissimilar, and dissimilar-dissimilar. Similar-similar means identical and is like comparing an orange to an orange. Similar-dissimilar means that there are slight differences, but it is mostly identical, like comparing an orange to a lemon (i.e., they’re both citrus). Dissimilar-dissimilar means that there are no identical regions and that it is completely different, like comparing an orange to an apple. 12/18/2017 56

57 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “The analogy of different fruits works in a common understanding of percent similarity, but it breaks down horribly at the DNA level because these different kinds of “similarities” abound everywhere. The only reason that some ERVs are used as evidence for common descent at all is because they are similar-similar. Others are brought into the conversation to bring additional weight to the argument because they are similar-dissimilar. But what about the ERVs that are dissimilar-dissimilar? Should they even be considered? With all three categories of similarity, it is confusing to really get at what is meant by “similar” when a biologist uses the term. For ERVs, one cannot help but wonder where to draw the line between the relevant and the irrelevant. God only knows, and He hasn’t revealed these details to us in His Word. 12/18/2017 57

58 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “5. Evolutionists Have No Origin of Any ERVs “Without a clear naturalistic selective mechanism for how ERVs are selected for in a particular place, or the function they serve, we cannot see the big picture. “One last problem associated with citing ERVs as proof of evolution is that no one can provide a naturalistic selective mechanism for how they “jump” in DNA from generation to generation. The movements are said to be random, and how can anyone describe a random event? While we know the parts to the molecular puzzle, we are missing the big picture (natural selection acting on DNA) of why each piece fits where it does (or moves where it does from generation to generation). 12/18/2017 58

59 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “Without a clear naturalistic selective mechanism for how ERVs are selected for in a particular place, or the function they serve, we cannot see the big picture. It is highly probable that ERVs “jumping” is a result of the Fall of Adam. Sin entered the world and what was once perfect, and properly functioning, changed into something that it was never meant to be. The picture painted by evolutionists is that they are the only ones who can provide a naturalistic mechanism for why certain ERVs are selected for and conserved in disparate genomes. Even more, they insist that they, therefore, should be the only trusted ones. People claiming to be the sole source of information for the general public ought to be heavily scrutinized, and the burden of proof remains with them if they cannot prove otherwise. Without having a clear selective advantage, they don’t have a leg to stand on. 12/18/2017 59

60 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “A Biblical View of ERVs “It is relatively easy to see that ERVs are poor evidence for common ancestry. With arguments such as these presented here, one can easily shoot down critics and silence the opposition. But the real question remains: is there any model available to describe what is actually happening? Several biblical creationist ideas exist. “In a recent study performed by Dr. Alfred Roca and his team at the University of Illinois, Dr. Roca found that there are retroviruses that have integrated into the genome of the koala and seem to be “protecting the host”; however, this is only after the host has accepted the ERVs. Dr. Roca stated, 12/18/2017 60

61 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “It seems likely that for thousands of years since this virus integrated, the koala host has suffered fitness effects. It is possible that across species, when a host lineage has been invaded by ERVs, it had to go through this process of adaptation between host and virus, which is a very sad finding. “A number of ideas have been suggested as to why the retrovirus is inserting into the Koala genome, but the Koala clearly isn’t dying from this event and seems to be thriving to the contrary. Dr. Roca says, “’[Once] retroviruses become part of the host, they begin to help the host . . . Which is the lesser of two evils? . . . Do you try to conserve genetic diversity, which is present in the northern populations along with the retrovirus or do you conserve southern populations that don’t have the retrovirus but are horribly inbred?’ 12/18/2017 61

62 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “Thriving because of an ERV is worth giving serious consideration, because it provides genetic diversity. Why does the retrovirus have to become part of the host to begin helping as opposed to already having been there and helping from the beginning? It could be that this ERV existed elsewhere in the original genome and has inserted elsewhere over the past millennia, leading us to where we are observing them moving across the genome in a novel way. You can only imagine that these retroviruses inserting into the Koala genome were originally part of the Koala genome and that it has deteriorated over time (thus leading to the inbreeding). Dr. Roca goes on to say, “’In order to end up with 100 ERVs in an organism, the species may have to start with 10,000 ERVs in its ancestors.’ 12/18/2017 62

63 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “Unknowingly, Roca is affirming the biblical concept of genomic entropy in arguing that the original genome was more gene rich and is losing information over time. It is not unreasonable to presume that all ERVs for a given organism were probably part of its original genome (in this particular case, the Koala genome) before they began to “jump” to other locations within the genome and into a retroviral form. 12/18/2017 63

64 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “The ERVs’ ability to exit a genome and invade another organism’s genome probably began at the Fall and is happening still today. In fact, ERVs probably provide the best model to describe the origin of viruses and how they operate in a fallen world. An additional example of an organism that changed post-Fall was presented in Dr. Alan Gillen’s paper on malaria, The Genesis of Malaria. In his article, Dr. Gillen discussed how the parasite Plasmodium was possibly once a form of algae that, after the Fall, became a parasite. Much like ERVs, Plasmodium is a wonderful example of something that was not originally harmful, but ceased to function the way they were supposed to and became so detrimental at the molecular level. “Upon closer examination, ERVs strongly support a biblical worldview of an originally perfect world marred by the effects of sin. 12/18/2017 64

65 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “All viruses are molecular machines, which means they are designed. But God didn’t design His creation to be killing machines. Therefore, these machines must have been part of His original very good creation and began to deteriorate ever since. It should be no surprise to biblical creationists that many ERVs are degenerate machines that are unable to perform their original functions. In this fallen world, genetic entropy is ever at work, causing good DNA sequences to quit working efficiently. Less efficient DNA sequences are subsequently selected against and disappear eventually. In the case of ERVs, degenerate DNA sequences are now malfunctioning and infecting other genomes. 12/18/2017 65

66 Do Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common AncestryDo Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) Support Common Ancestry?-2 内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）支持共同先祖？-2 “In the example of the koala, the ERVs are now beneficial to the koala; however, as Dr. Roca stated, this may not always have been the case. At first the ERVs may not have helped the host. Rather than asking how ERVs support common ancestry, perhaps the better question to ask is this: why do so many ERVs exist in the first place? Upon closer examination, ERVs strongly support a biblical worldview of an originally perfect world marred by the effects of sin.” Thank God for the contribution of Dr. Fabich. 12/18/2017 66

67 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 67

68 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 68

69 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Avery Foley on December 4, I now quote his article below: “Often Christians, pastors, and theologians who try to fit millions of years into Genesis 1 object to a literal, recent six-day creation by arguing, “So Adam never stepped on an ant in the Garden of Eden? That can’t be true. There had to be death before sin.” But is such an objection valid? “Aside from the possibility that ants, and other insects, are not even alive in the biblical sense, the question to ask first is why the idea of death before sin is so important that the accidental death of an ant would be an objection. 12/18/2017 69

70 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“The issue of death before sin is significant because it’s a question of biblical authority and because the idea undermines the very foundation of the gospel. If we take God at His Word, it is abundantly clear that death, and this would include animal death, is the consequence and byproduct of sin and was not part of the original creation. Here are just a sampling of verses that clearly make this point. 12/18/2017 70

71 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“A Perfect Creation “Then God saw everything that He had made, and indeed it was very good. So the evening and the morning were the sixth day. (Genesis 1:31). “Would God call a creation full of death and suffering “very good”? “Would God call a creation full of death and suffering “very good”? Certainly not! Death is “the last enemy” (1 Corinthians 15:26) that Jesus Christ came and died to defeat! And this would include animal death. The God who cares for the sparrows (Matthew 6:26) and who promises that someday animals will once again live in harmony (Isaiah 11:6) would not call animal death and suffering “very good.” Saying that God called death and suffering “very good” accuses God of being a monster responsible for all the evil we see in the world. But Scripture is clear—it’s our fault in Adam. 12/18/2017 71

72 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？12/18/2017 72

73 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“And God said, “See, I have given you every herb that yields seed which is on the face of all the earth, and every tree whose fruit yields seed; to you it shall be for food. Also, to every beast of the earth, to every bird of the air, and to everything that creeps on the earth, in which there is life, I have given every green herb for food”; and it was so. (Genesis 1:29–30). “Both the animals and people ate plants before the Fall, so both animal and human death was not God’s plan for His creation; it was unnecessary and did not occur. 12/18/2017 73

74 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“Death—Sin’s Consequence “But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die. (Genesis 2:17) “Death was the clear consequence for Adam and Eve’s sin. But if death already existed why was death given to them as the consequence for sin? They would have died anyway. Clearly death was not present in the world before sin. If Genesis doesn’t make it clear enough, Romans emphasizes the point; death is the direct result of the sin of Adam: “therefore, just as through one man sin entered the world, and death through sin, and thus death spread to all men, because all sinned” (Romans 5:12). 12/18/2017 74

75 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“Of course, this is referring in context to human death, but Romans 8:22 tells us that it is this sin that makes the whole creation groan. If death existed before sin, then creation was already groaning, waiting for liberation from the Messiah, before sin had even entered the world. But it was sin that resulted in Christ’s coming to Earth to die as the last Adam so that Adam’s descendants could live (1 Corinthians 15:21–22) and so that creation could be restored (Romans 8:19–22). 12/18/2017 75

76 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“So the Lord God said to the serpent: “Because you have done this, You are cursed more than all cattle, And more than every beast of the field; On your belly you shall go, And you shall eat dust All the days of your life. And I will put enmity Between you and the woman, And between your seed and her Seed; He shall bruise your head, And you shall bruise His heel.” (Genesis 3:14–15) 12/18/2017 76

77 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“One of the consequences for sin was a curse on the animals. It wasn’t just the serpent who was cursed. Genesis 3:14 says that the serpent was cursed “more than all cattle, and more than every beast of the field.” So the animals were cursed as the result of Adam and Eve’s sin. Based on Scripture’s teachings on death we can infer that death was part of this curse on the animals. So animal death didn't exist before the Fall. It, too, was a consequence of sin. “Then to Adam He said, “Because you have heeded the voice of your wife, and have eaten from the tree of which I commanded you, saying, ‘You shall not eat of it’: 12/18/2017 77

78 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？““Cursed is the ground for your sake; In toil you shall eat of it All the days of your life. Both thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you, And you shall eat the herb of the field. In the sweat of your face you shall eat bread Till you return to the ground, For out of it you were taken; For dust you are, And to dust you shall return.” (Genesis 3:17–19) 12/18/2017 78

79 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“Genesis 3 clearly makes a connection between Adam and Eve’s rebellious choice and the cursing of the Earth. Their sin didn’t just affect them. Changes took place at the time of the Fall for all of creation because of sin, and this surely would have included animal death, as the revelation of Scripture as a whole supports. “Whom heaven must receive until the times of restoration of all things, which God has spoken by the mouth of all His holy prophets since the world began. (Acts 3:21) “Eventually there will be a restoration of all things in which death will be done away with (Revelation 21:4). This restoration will include a time when strife between animals will cease (Isaiah 11:6), which implies that animal death will also cease when everything is restored to what it was before sin. 12/18/2017 79

80 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“What exactly did Jesus die for if it wasn’t to pay our well-deserved penalty? “Scripture is abundantly clear—human and, by extension, animal death is the consequence of sin and did not exist before Adam and Eve’s decisive act of rebellion in the garden. If this is not true, then the entire gospel stands on shaky ground. After all, why did Jesus have to die a physical death if death wasn’t actually the consequence for sin? What exactly did Jesus die for if it wasn’t to pay our well-deserved penalty? 12/18/2017 80

81 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“It should come as no surprise that the gospel is dependent on what God’s Word teaches—death was the consequence for sin and in His grace and mercy, Jesus came and died in our place, taking our penalty, so that we no longer need to fear death but will experience eternal life (John 3:16). Eventually, death will be thrown in the lake of fire, and there will be no more death. “Sadly many Christians have ignored God’s Word and wrongly accept the idea of millions of years. But millions of years puts death and suffering, clearly seen in fossils, before sin. Such an idea undermines both the authority of Scripture and the gospel of Jesus Christ. As Christians, we cannot accept any idea that runs contrary to Scripture. Instead, we need to take God at His Word and believe what He has clearly told us. 12/18/2017 81

82 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“We Live in a Cursed World “Living in a cursed world that groans from the weight of sin, it’s hard for us to imagine a world without death and suffering. But we can’t use our fallen experiences in a cursed world to say what life could or couldn’t have been like in the perfect Garden of Eden. It’s hard to imagine a world in which an ant never got squashed, but that doesn’t mean that before sin such a world never existed. We simply don’t have any experience (yet) with a perfect world and cannot comprehend what such a world would be like (1 Corinthians 2:9). 12/18/2017 82

83 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“Thankfully, those who have trusted in Christ will someday get to experience just that in the new heavens and new earth. But until then, we cannot allow our fallen experiences to dictate our theology and cause us to reject God’s Word. After all, the Word of the infallible God who was there, who knows what happened, and who never lies, is surely more worthy of our trust than the opinions and experiences of fallible humans living in a sin-cursed and death-drenched world. 12/18/2017 83

84 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“God Upholds the Universe “Also, consider the experience of the Israelites. After leaving Egypt they eventually disobeyed God and were consigned to wandering in the wilderness for 40 years. During those long years of a nomadic lifestyle, God upheld them so that clothes and shoes never wore out and their feet never swelled (Deuteronomy 8:4, 29:5). This is clearly very different from the way that we observe God upholding the universe today (Hebrews 1:3) and is hard to imagine. Or consider God’s supernatural protection of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-Nego so that they were untouched by the flames and smoke in Nebuchadnezzar’s fiery furnace (Daniel 3:8–30). 12/18/2017 84

85 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“Again, this is not our normal experience. Surely the God who could uphold the shoes, clothes, and feet of every wandering Israelite and who protected His servants from the fire could sustain the perfect pre-Fall world in such a way that no ant accidentally got squished. This would not be hard for the all-powerful God who created the universe simply by speaking. Just as it will be in heaven, so it once was on earth, before the Fall; accidents never happen in a perfect world. 12/18/2017 85

86 Did Adam Step on an Ant Before the Fall? 堕落之前亚当踩过一只蚂蚁吗？“This objection of accidental death before the Fall is really a smokescreen to try to hide the fact that those who compromise with evolutionary ideas are rejecting God’s Word and are instead trusting fallible man’s opinions. We need to put our faith and trust in the perfect Word of the Creator who was there and who told us what, how, and when He created.”  Thank God for the contribution of theologian Avery Foley. 12/18/2017 86

87 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 87

88 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 88

89 Bill Nye Does Not Know the Origin of Empathy but His Creator Does 比尔·奈伊不知道同理心的起源，但他的创造主知道The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Ken Ham on December 1, I now quote his article below: “I just had to think of my debate with Bill Nye the other day when I watched a short video featuring Nye discussing the supposed evolution of empathy. He received a question from a young man from Norway asking, “How come us humans have empathy? Is it normal for a species to have empathy?” Nye’s response was saddening and highlights how blind he is to the truth of God’s Word that was presented to him during our debate. 12/18/2017 89

90 Bill Nye Does Not Know the Origin of Empathy but His Creator Does 比尔·奈伊不知道同理心的起源，但他的创造主知道“He responds by basically saying that humans are empathetic because it works, and without it we wouldn’t be successful. Of course, this really is no explanation for why humans are empathetic because it doesn’t explain why empathy is there in the first place. Nye says it might seem “extraordinary” but, just like our physical bodies are allegedly shaped by evolution, so, claims Nye, are our emotions. But how do we have emotions for evolution to shape? 12/18/2017 90

91 Bill Nye Does Not Know the Origin of Empathy but His Creator Does 比尔·奈伊不知道同理心的起源，但他的创造主知道“Bill, There Is a Book! “Well, Nye can’t explain it! He did note that some animals display empathy and answered that maybe the person who asked the question can be the neuroscientist that figures it out! He says, “As to [empathy’s] origins, that’s a great one. I’m not sure where it came from . . . and it gets us back to this deep thing, the nature of consciousness . . . Where did that come from?” Well, something immediately came to my mind when I heard that—Bill, there is a Book! That’s what I told him during our debate in February 2014 when the question of where consciousness came from was asked. Nye said it was a great mystery, and I pointed to God’s Word. 12/18/2017 91

92 Bill Nye Does Not Know the Origin of Empathy but His Creator Does 比尔·奈伊不知道同理心的起源，但他的创造主知道“The origin of empathy and consciousness isn’t a mystery—they aren’t “deep neurological questions,” as Nye calls them. God’s Word clearly tells us where both came from: “Then God said, “Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness. . . .” So God created man in His own image; in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them. (Genesis 1:26–27) “And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being. (Genesis 2:7) 12/18/2017 92

93 Bill Nye Does Not Know the Origin of Empathy but His Creator Does 比尔·奈伊不知道同理心的起源，但他的创造主知道“We experience emotions (including empathy) and consciousness because we are living beings created in the very image of our Creator. We don’t need to apply to some mystery process that has never been observed to explain the origin of emotions and consciousness. God’s Word gives us the answer! Sadly, Bill Nye continues to ignore God’s Word as he looks for purely naturalistic answers to explain what he sees in the world. But he won’t find satisfactory answers because it’s God’s Word—not man’s ideas about the past—that is true and explains where we came from and where we’re going. 12/18/2017 93

94 Bill Nye Does Not Know the Origin of Empathy but His Creator Does 比尔·奈伊不知道同理心的起源，但他的创造主知道“Bill Nye finished his video by appealing to a neurological understanding of empathy as the harbinger of a greater society. But that simply won’t happen. We live in a fallen world that is groaning because of our sin (Romans 8:22), and we all are sinful humans beings desperately in need of a Savior. The only answer for our society’s problems is the gospel of Jesus Christ that transforms hearts and minds for now and eternity. Mr. Nye, if you truly want to see a better society, then I encourage you to repent and be reconciled to God. It’s only through the gospel that we see true change: “Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; old things have passed away; behold, all things have become new. (2 Corinthians 5:17) 12/18/2017 94

95 Bill Nye Does Not Know the Origin of Empathy but His Creator Does 比尔·奈伊不知道同理心的起源，但他的创造主知道“Oh, and Bill—if empathy just evolved by natural processes—how do you know it evolved the right way? How do you know it evolved the same in every human being? In an “empathy evolved” worldview, what’s to stop a murderer from claiming he was only showing empathy to his victim, based upon his perception of empathy? How can you ultimately say something is right or wrong? Without God, there is no ultimate basis for empathy, or right or wrong! “Thanks for stopping by and thanks for praying, “Ken.” Thank God for the contribution of AIG founder, Ken Ham. 12/18/2017 95

96 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 96

97 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 97

98 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global WarmingThe Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Michael J. Oard on November 28, I now quote his article below: “The woolly mammoth is the poster child for the Ice Age just as the polar bear is the poster child for global warming. A woolly mammoth is likely a member of the elephant kind with long hair up to 1 meter long, a hump on its head and top of its back, and a sloping lower back. It was once thought the woolly mammoths did not have oil glands in their skin, disastrous in a cold climate, but better samples show they did have them. The woolly mammoth lived all across the mid and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during the Ice Age. Both the Ice Age and the many millions of woolly mammoths buried in Siberian permafrost, permanently frozen sediment, have been major uniformitarian mysteries for about 200 years despite numerous theories. Another type of mammoth, the Columbian mammoth, lived farther south in the United States and Central America. 12/18/2017 98

99 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“End-Ice Age Extinctions “Woolly mammoths lived alongside woolly rhinoceroses, cave bears, cave lions, saber-tooth tigers, ground sloths, dire wolves, the “Irish elk,” various types of horses, several types of bison, and many others. The Northern Hemisphere, even Siberia during the Ice Age, was considered to be like the Serengeti of Africa. Dale Guthrie of the University of Alaska in Fairbanks has called it the “mammoth steppe,” characterized by a wet spring and a dry summer with tall grass. Except for the carnivores, the Ice Age animals were grazers. 12/18/2017 99

100 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“At the end of the Ice Age, many of the animals over 100 pounds (45 kg) as well as many carrion birds went extinct or disappeared from entire continents. There was a 70% loss in North America, 40% in Eurasia, 80% in South America, 90% in Australia, and only 20% in Africa. According to the uniformitarian paradigm, most of these animals were extinct by the end of the “last” ice age. Today, secular scientists think that within the past 2.6 million years of the Pleistocene there were about 50 ice ages of various severities. Between these ice ages or “glacials” were “interglacials,” warm periods after the ice melted. According to them, we are living in an interglacial period called the Holocene. 12/18/2017 100

101 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“Uniformitarian scientists have argued over the cause of the mass extinction. Three possibilities have been suggested: 1) climate change, the “overchill hypothesis”; 2) man killed them in a great slaughter, the “overkill hypothesis”; or 3) man’s diseases killed them off, the “overill hypothesis.” Man is considered as a possible cause because mass extinction happened only near and after the last ice age, when man supposedly came on the scene. There is very little evidence for man’s role. Only a small number of human/mammal interactions have been found, such as spear points found in mammoth bones. 12/18/2017 101

102 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“Animals Claimed to Have Died During Warm Periods “To make matters worse for the uniformitarian paradigm, the mass extinctions happened when conditions were improving. The ice sheets were melting, the climate was warming, and more territory was opening up. Mainstream science has always believed the extinctions took place during cold spells with the last die off occurring during the short cold spell of the Younger Dryas, except for Australia, that ended about 10,000 years ago. But recently several researchers claim the extinctions happened during warm periods. They now say most of the animals died well after the worst cold spell, called the “Last Glacial Maximum” or LGM, which is dated at 19,000 to 23,000 years ago and before the Younger Dryas. “Scientists recently discovered the existence of warm and cold periods during the “last” glacial period. 12/18/2017 102

103 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“Scientists recently discovered the existence of warm and cold periods during the “last” glacial period. These warm and cold periods are of short duration, supposedly on the order of a hundred to several thousand years long with the Younger Dryas being the last (fig. 1). The cold periods are called stadials and the warm periods interstadials. The evidence for these stadials and interstadials was found in Greenland ice cores and is thought to represent “abrupt climate changes,” a new paradigm in ice age research. The temperature change is supposed to be up to 20°C over much of the Northern Hemisphere and have occurred within just a few years to a few decades. 12/18/2017 103

104 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“It is interesting that after this discovery, scientists found stadials and interstadials in other records of the late Pleistocene, whereas they were rare before. The researchers fit the extinctions into these abrupt climate changes, mostly into the warm phases. But all these extinction dates depend upon a complete sample of Pleistocene fossils and very precise dates. Although what exactly would be an accurate representation of the samples from that layer would be difficult to assess, we know at least that the assumptions on which the dates are based are flawed, even if they seem precise. 12/18/2017 104

105 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global WarmingFigure 1. Abrupt climate changes in the GRIP and NGRIP ice cores from Greenland inferred by changes oxygen isotope ratios from 50,000 to 30,000 years ago within the uniformitarian timescale (Wikipedia). The oxygen isotope ratio is believed to be mostly proportional to temperature with more negative values warmer. Image courtesy of Wikipedia. 12/18/2017 105

106 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“Reporters could not help but throw in the global warming scare: “Although there’s still more work to do, Cooper hopes his findings might help to illustrate the importance of considering our own climate today. “If we’re right, and these warming events are the key problem,” he said, “it’s quite obvious that the current global warming trends are very worrying, because they in many ways represent the conditions of the start of an interstadial.” “If we had no control over the past warming events, what makes people think we are the total cause of global warming and can stop a supposed new interstadial? The reality is that present-day global warming is extremely small, mostly due to natural forces, and climate model projections are greatly exaggerated……… 12/18/2017 106

107 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 107

108 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 108

109 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“Is Extinction During Warmer Conditions Reasonable? “Within the uniformitarian paradigm, the Northern Hemisphere glacial and stadial periods were times of extreme cold, on the order of 10 to 20°C (18–36ºF) colder than the present day climate. Logically, the extreme cold should have caused mass death, but instead the new evidence points to extinction happening when the climate warmed. It is good to remember the warmer temperatures in the mid and high latitudes would not have been overly warm for the animals since the ice sheets were still melting. Ice sheets would cause cold pools of air to form since sunlight is reflected off of the ice. So to say the animals died from excessive heat, which would not have been warmer than today, is unreasonable. 12/18/2017 109

110 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“Post-Flood Rapid Ice Age Provides a Better Model “The uniformitarian paradigm of ice ages struggles with mysteries they have not been able to resolve after 200 years of research. Changing the uniformitarian assumption of millions of years and accepting a global flood provides a straightforward solution. The conditions that existed after Noah’s Flood set the stage for the Ice Age. During the Flood there was a tremendous amount of volcanism and tectonic activity, which greatly tapered off after the Flood. The high amount of particulates in the atmosphere from the waning explosive volcanic activity partially blocked the sunlight for years. This made for very cool summers. 12/18/2017 110

111 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“The oceans would be much warmer after the Flood from the heat that was added by the fountains of the great deep and underwater volcanism. Warm oceans, especially at the mid and high latitudes, had a very high rate of evaporation. The cool air over mid- and high-latitude continents and huge evaporation from the warm ocean caused heavy precipitation. The snow and ice would first build up in higher latitudes, such as Antarctica and central Canada, the latter far from the warm, moist onshore flow. The air is warmed by the warm ocean water, but as the air moves inland, it cools. The lowlands of Siberia would not have glaciated because of warm, moist air from the oceans, explaining another mystery of the Ice Age. Mild winters and heavy precipitation would have supported forests early in the Ice Age because of the onshore flow. The forests would give way to a grassland as the Ice Age wore on and the air became drier due to cooler ocean temperatures. 12/18/2017 111

112 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“In the post-Flood model, the winters would have been much warmer than they are today and the summers much cooler because of warmer ocean temperatures and volcanic particles. Around the globe there would have been far greater precipitation caused by the warmer ocean temperatures as modeled by Dr. Larry Vardiman. Until the end of the Ice Age, there was very little contrast between the seasons. For the first part of the Ice Age the warmer winters allowed many animals to pass through Siberia into the lowlands of Alaska and the Yukon. From there they would have traveled southeast down an ice-free corridor on the east side of the Rocky Mountains, and continued into the southern United States, Central America, and South America. Eventually the corridor was blocked. Ice Age fossils give support to the mild winters and the small contrast between the seasons, even at high latitudes, but contradict the uniformitarian model. 12/18/2017 112

113 “The post-Flood Ice Age was very dynamic. Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming? -2 快速全球变暖引起猛犸的灭绝？ -2 “The post-Flood Ice Age was very dynamic. “The post-Flood Ice Age was very dynamic. As the oceans cooled and volcanism waned, the climate trended toward the present. The summers became warmer and melted the ice, causing sometimes catastrophic melting. The Lake Missoula flood is an example of the extensive flooding that sometimes took place. Winters gradually cooled to below today’s climate. 12/18/2017 113

114 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“Freshwater tends to float on salt water, as noted when the Mississippi River water spreads to off the coast of Georgia. Seawater is very difficult to freeze, but a top layer of freshwater would freeze rapidly during deglaciation. The high-latitude oceans would freeze rapidly, greatly reinforcing the already cold winters and drying out the atmosphere even more. As the lower latitudes warmed, the higher latitudes became even colder, especially with the presence of ice sheets. Because of these forces, the late Ice Age winter climate would have been very cold and very windy with “dry” storms and much blowing dust. These extreme storms would have had a disastrous effect on the large mammals, causing the mass extinctions noted around the globe during deglaciation. 12/18/2017 114

115 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“At the end of the Ice Age, giant dust storms would have occurred in Siberia, as evidenced by thick windblown sediments. These dust storms would easily cover up dead animals and thus account for why the bones and tusks of the mammoths are so well preserved. Moreover, the strongly developing permafrost and the cold air would quickly freeze the remains within the windblown sediments. This accounts for how they were entombed into rock-hard permafrost. Blowing dust would cause some mammoths to suffocate and die in a general standing position as some have been found (fig. 2). 12/18/2017 115

116 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming12/18/2017 116

117 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming12/18/2017 117

118 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global WarmingFigure 2. Summary schematic of how the post-Flood rapid Ice Age can account for all the many mammoth mysteries (drawn by Dan Lietha). Some carcasses, of which there is a very small number compared to the skeletons, remained frozen with partially decayed stomach contents. The reduced state of decay is mostly because elephant digestion takes place after the stomach. The remains must be frozen moderately fast, but a snap freeze is not required. Some carcasses show broken limb bones from either trying to extricate themselves from the dust packing around them or by permafrost faulting. 12/18/2017 118

119 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“Summary “The woolly mammoth, which lived across the mid and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, is one of dozens of animals that went extinct at the end of the Ice Age. Uniformitarian scientists have been unable to explain this mass extinction. Whereas animals were believed to have died during cold periods, a new theory suggests instead they died during warm periods. However, this theory is unreasonable because it is normally cold that stresses animals. With the existence of ice sheets, these “warm periods” would have been cooler than or at best similar to today and less stressful than very cold winters. 12/18/2017 119

120 Was Mammoth Extinction Caused by Rapid Global Warming“The post-Flood rapid Ice Age can explain the huge number of Ice Age animals because winters were mild and summers cool early in the Ice Age. The mass extinction occurred because, near the end of the Ice Age, winters became much colder and drier than today, causing strong, windy dust storms. It is these powerful dust storms that can explain the extinctions and the data from Siberia. Figure 2 summarizes how dust storms and faulting permafrost can account for all the many mysteries of the extinction of the woolly mammoths, especially in Siberia.” Thank God for meteorologist Mike Oard’s contribution. 12/18/2017 120

121 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 121

122 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 122

123 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Simon Turpin on December 24, I now quote his article below: “At a crucial point in his ministry Jesus asked his disciples “who do you say that I am?” (Matthew 16:15). The answer to this question is more important than anything else (John 3:36; 1 John 5:12). Nevertheless, today, just as in Jesus’ day, when Christians ask people the question “who do you say Jesus is?,” there are various answers given concerning his identity. For example, many people in Western society see Jesus as nothing more than a good teacher, whereas skeptical Bible critics believe he was only “ a lower-class Jewish preacher from the backwaters of rural Galilee ” For Muslims, Jesus was merely a prophet while in Judaism He is considered to be a false prophet. On the other hand, cults like the Jehovah’s Witnesses, Mormons, and Christodelphians, who “claim” the Bible as their authority, teach that Jesus is a created being. “The question we must consider, however, is what does the Bible say about the identity of Jesus? 12/18/2017 123

124 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“For born-again Christians, Jesus is more than a good teacher, a prophet or even a created being. He is in actual fact the Creator of all things, who existed before the creation of the world (John 17:5). Genesis 1:1 tells us that “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.” In John 1:1 we read the same words, “In the beginning . . .” John informs us in John 1:1 that in the beginning was the Word (logos) and that the Word was not only with God but was God. This Word is the one who brought all things into being at creation (John 1:3). Several verses later, John writes that the Word who was with God in the beginning “became flesh and dwelt among us” (John 1:14). Notice that John does not say that the Word stopped being God. In fact, John uses a very particular term here, skenoo, “dwelt,” which means he “pitched his tent” or “tabernacle” among us. This is a direct parallel to the Old Testament record of when God “dwelt” in the tabernacle that Moses told the Israelites to construct (Exodus 25:8–9, 33:7). John is telling us that God “dwelt” or “pitched his tent” in the physical body of Jesus. 12/18/2017 124

125 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“In the incarnation, it is important to understand that Jesus’ human nature did not replace His divine nature. Rather, His divine nature dwelt in a human body. This is affirmed by Paul in Colossians 1:15–20, especially in verse 19: “For it pleased the Father that in Him all the fullness should dwell.” Jesus was fully God and fully man in one person. “The New Testament not only explicitly states that Jesus was fully God, it also recounts events that demonstrate Jesus’ divine nature. For example, while Jesus was on earth, He healed the sick (Matthew 8–9) and forgave sins (Mark 2:9). What is more, He accepted worship from people (Matthew 2:2, 14:33, 28:9). One of the greatest examples of this comes from the lips of Thomas when he exclaims in worship before Jesus, “My Lord and my God!” (John 20:28). The confession of deity here is unmistakable, as worship is only meant to be given to God (Revelation 22:9); yet Jesus never rebuked Thomas, or others, for this. He also did many miraculous signs (John 2, 6, 11) and had the prerogative to judge people (John 5:27) because He is the Creator of the world (John 1:1–3; 1 Corinthians 8:6; Ephesians 3:9;Colossians 1:16; Hebrews 1:2; Revelation 4:11). 12/18/2017 125

126 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“Furthermore, the reactions of those around Jesus demonstrated that He viewed Himself as divine and truly claimed to be divine. In John 8:58, Jesus said to the Jewish religious leaders, “Most assuredly, I say to you, before Abraham was, I am.” This “I am” statement was Jesus’ clearest example of His proclamation “I am Yahweh,” from its background in the book of (Isaiah 41:4, 43:10–13, 43:25, 48:12—see also Exodus 3:14). This divine self-disclosure of Jesus’ explicit identification of Himself with Yahweh of the Old Testament is what led the Jewish leaders to pick up stones to throw at Him. They understood what Jesus was saying, and that is why they wanted to stone Him for blasphemy. A similar incident takes place in John 10:31. The leaders again wanted to stone Jesus after He said, “I and the Father are one,” because they knew He was making Himself equal with God. Equality indicates His deity, for who can be equal to God? Isaiah 46:9 says, “Remember the former things of old, for I am God, and there is no other; I am God, and there is none like Me.” If there is no one like God and yet Jesus is equal to God (Philippians 2:6), what does this say of Him, except that He must be God? The only thing that is equal to God is God. 12/18/2017 126

127 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“The reason it is important to get the identity of Jesus right is summed by our Lord Himself, when He told the people of His day, “I said to you that you will die in your sins; for if you do not believe that I am He, you will die in your sins.” (John 8:24). As we have seen, the Jewish people understood that when Jesus identified Himself as I am, they knew who He was making Himself out to be; namely Yahweh, the one who created everything (see Isaiah 44:24, 45:18,48:12–13). “As Christians we rightly proclaim Jesus as our savior and redeemer; however, we must not forget that the New Testament emphasizes that He is also our Creator (John 1:1–3; Colossians 1:16; Hebrews 1:2; Revelation 4:11). “Furthermore, the reason we need a savior is because we are in rebellion against our Creator. Since Jesus is our Creator, it is essential to know how He viewed the early chapters of Genesis. 12/18/2017 127

128 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?12/18/2017 128

129 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“Jesus’ View of Creation “Firstly, it is important to note that Jesus had the highest view of Scripture. Jesus clearly believed that Scripture was God’s Word and therefore truth (John 17:17), and that it could not “be broken” (John 10:35). His own view of the Scripture was that of verbal inspiration (Matthew 5:18). For Jesus, Scripture is not merely inspired in its general ideas or its broad claims or in its general meaning, but is inspired down to its very words. 12/18/2017 129

130 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“Jesus regarded the Old Testament’s historicity as impeccable, accurate, and reliable. He often chose for illustrations in His teaching the very persons and events that are the least acceptable today to critical scholars. This can be seen from his reference to Adam (Matthew 19:4–5), Abel (Matthew 23:35), Noah (Matthew 24:37–39), Abraham (John 8:39–41, 56–58), Lot and Sodom and Gomorrah (Luke 17:28–32). If Sodom and Gomorrah were fictional accounts, then how could they serve as a warning for future judgement? This also applies to Jesus’s understanding of Jonah (Matthew 12:39–41). Jesus did not see Jonah as a myth or legend; the meaning of the passage would lose its force, if it were. How could Jesus’ death and resurrection serve as a sign, if the events of Jonah did not take place? Furthermore, Jesus says that the men of Nineveh will stand at the last judgment because they repented at the preaching of Jonah, but if the account of Jonah is a myth or symbolic, then how can the men of Nineveh stand at the last judgment? 12/18/2017 130

131 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“Moreover, there are multiple passages in the New Testament where Jesus quotes from the early chapters of Genesis in a straightforward, historical manner. Matthew 19:4–6 is especially significant as Jesus quotes from both Genesis 1:27 and Genesis 2:24. Jesus’ use of Scripture here is authoritative in settling a dispute over the question of divorce, as it is grounded in the creation of the first marriage and the purpose thereof (Malachi 2:14–15). The passage is also striking in understanding Jesus’ use of Scripture as He attributes the words spoken as coming from the Creator (Matthew 19:4). More importantly, there is no indication in the passage that He understood it figuratively or as an allegory. If Christ were mistaken about the account of creation and its importance to marriage, then why should He be trusted when it comes to other aspects of His teaching? Furthermore, in a parallel passage in Mark 10:6 Jesus said, “But from the beginning of creation, God ‘made them male and female.’” In the statement “from the beginning of creation” Jesus was saying that Adam and Eve were there at the beginning of creation, on Day Six, not billions of years after the beginning. 12/18/2017 131

132 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“Moreover, there are multiple passages in the New Testament where Jesus quotes from the early chapters of Genesis in a straightforward, historical manner. Matthew 19:4–6 is especially significant as Jesus quotes from both Genesis 1:27 and Genesis 2:24. Jesus’ use of Scripture here is authoritative in settling a dispute over the question of divorce, as it is grounded in the creation of the first marriage and the purpose thereof (Malachi 2:14–15). The passage is also striking in understanding Jesus’ use of Scripture as He attributes the words spoken as coming from the Creator (Matthew 19:4). More importantly, there is no indication in the passage that He understood it figuratively or as an allegory. If Christ were mistaken about the account of creation and its importance to marriage, then why should He be trusted when it comes to other aspects of His teaching? Furthermore, in a parallel passage in Mark 10:6 Jesus said, “But from the beginning of creation, God ‘made them male and female.’” In the statement “from the beginning of creation” Jesus was saying that Adam and Eve were there at the beginning of creation, on Day Six, not billions of years after the beginning. 12/18/2017 132

133 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?12/18/2017 133

134 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“Jesus not only mentions Adam at the beginning of creation but his son Abel as well (Luke 11:49–51). In that passage Jesus talked about “the blood of all the prophets, shed from the foundation of the world,” the foundation being the initial Creation Week (see Hebrews 4:3). Yet, would “ this be true if millions of years of human evolution preceded Adam and Eve? Were there really no murders before Adam’s time?” “Jesus believed, like Adam, that Abel existed at the foundation of the world. From Jesus’ understanding of Genesis 1–2 it is clear that He believed in the account of creation and therefore the supernatural creation of Adam as the first man, and He leaves no room for the evolutionary timeline of the origin of man. Jesus clearly understood that Abel lived at the foundation of the world. This means that as the parents of Abel, Adam and Eve must also have been historical. 12/18/2017 134

135 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“Jesus also spoke of the devil as being a murderer “from the beginning” (John 8:44). It is clear that Jesus accepted the book of Genesis as historical and reliable. Jesus also made a strong connection between Moses’ teaching and his own (John 5:45–47), and Moses made some very astounding claims about six-day creation in the Ten Commandments, which he says were penned by God’s own hand (Exodus 20:9–11, 31:17–18). “The Apostle Paul exhorts us that we are to have “the mind” (1 Corinthians 2:16) and “attitude” of Christ (Philippians 2:5). Therefore, as Christians, whatever Jesus’ belief was concerning creation and the Flood should be what we believe. 12/18/2017 135

136 Who Is Jesus and What Did He Believe About Creation? 谁是耶稣和他怎么相信创造?“Conclusion “People say they do not accept the Bible’s account of origins in Genesis when it speaks of God creating supernaturally in six consecutive days and destroying the world in a global catastrophic flood. This cannot be said, however, without overlooking the clear teaching of our Creator, the Lord Jesus, on the matter (Mark 10:6; cf. Matthew 24:37–39) and the clear testimony of Scripture (Genesis 1:1–2, 3:6–9; Exodus 20:11; 2 Peter 3:3–6), which He affirmed as truth (Matthew 5:17–18; John 10:25, 17:17). If we confess Jesus is our Lord, we must be willing to submit to Him as the teacher of the church.” Thank God for theologian Simon Turpin’s contribution. 12/18/2017 136

137 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 137

138 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 138

139 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Troy Lacey and Avery Foley on December 23, I now quote their article below: “One long-standing evolutionary “tale” is that toward the end of the Permian period (conventionally dated 252–299 million years ago) 90% of marine creatures and 75% of terrestrial organisms were wiped out in the most devastating mass extinction in all of history. This supposed mass extinction, sometimes called “The Great Dying,” is said to have happened over the course of 15 million years (or 200,000 years, depending on which evolutionist you ask!) and is said to have decimated shallow-water marine invertebrates, which make up the bulk of Permian fossils, as well as some aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates. 12/18/2017 139

140 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“Other groups, including some reptile and amphibian species, supposedly underwent serious decline during this time as well. There are many different stories of what caused the Permian extinction, but it has generally been agreed that this supposed extinction event was devastating to land and aquatic species. However, the interpretation of new research on Permian fossils challenges this story. 12/18/2017 140

141 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？12/18/2017 141

142 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“A team of geologists claim that their work with the reptile fossil Dicynodon, “whose disappearance defines the terrestrial extinction event in the rock record,” shows that the supposed terrestrial mass extinction happened before the marine extinction. They claim that their study challenges the idea that there even was a mass terrestrial extinction. Geologist John Geissman of the University of Texas, who was part of the study, says, “We need to rethink the Permian crisis.” They base much of their research on the dating of zircons which appear in the same rock layers as Dicynodon in the fossil record. Of course, in dating Dicynodon so confidently, they ignore the unprovable assumptions behind radiometric dating which make it unreliable. The team also noticed “traces of land plant and animal species thought to have gone extinct alongside Dicynodon in younger rocks. Those findings don’t point to a single widespread extinction event that abruptly wiped out land species within a short time span [instead they] support the idea that the Permian extinction lacked a land component.” 12/18/2017 142

143 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“Same Data, Different Interpretation? “The conclusions based on this study are not being accepted by many evolutionists and will certainly continue to be researched. However, it does highlight the changing nature of evolutionary models for Earth’s history. What is today’s fact is destined for tomorrow’s trash bin. It only takes a quick Google search to see how often evolutionary models change as new fossils are uncovered or new interpretations of research are printed. This highlights the nature of historical science. Scientists try to develop models for Earth’s history based on the observational evidence (i.e. Dicynodon fossils), but this evidence needs to be interpreted and one’s starting point (man’s word or God’s Word) determines one’s conclusions. Evolutionists begin with the wrong starting point by ignoring God’s Word. 12/18/2017 143

144 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“Creationists are often mocked if they change their scientific models (none of which affects the never-changing foundational truth of God’s Word, but rather just our understanding of a typically small aspect—e.g., the now disfavored canopy model), and yet evolutionists change their models and even key aspects of evolution all the time. But this shouldn’t come as a surprise since the evolutionary model is so plastic, because it’s based off man’s fallible ideas about the past, that it can accommodate virtually anything. 12/18/2017 144

145 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“Can the Flood Explain the Data Better? “According to creation geologists, one model is that the geological timescale actually represents different ecological zones, the buried remains of plants and animals that once lived together in the same environment. The different rock layers of the Earth are not like a walk through the Geologic Periods (in this case the Permian and the Triassic); instead, they are like a walk from the bottom of the ocean, across the tidal flats, over the shore, across the low-lying areas, and into the uplands and pre-Flood mountain regions. 12/18/2017 145

146 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“Creationists have presented other reasons as well for the order in the fossil record. Many concern the way moving water sorts objects of different weight, density, and buoyancy. Others compare the mobility of such creatures as marine invertebrates (not very mobile) to humans, birds, and mammals (much more mobile). The latter group would have generally been able to seek higher ground as the Flood waters rose. Taken together, all these reasons can account for the order in the fossil record. The fossil record is therefore a testimony to the rapid burial of billions of organisms by sediments in a watery cataclysm. 12/18/2017 146

147 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“Do creationists expect to see huge marine die-offs at all stages of the Flood? Yes, because marine creatures lived in the oceans where the Flood began and were thus at the mercy of the Flood waters and the sediments they eroded and carried, which would suffocate them. Depending on what ecological zone they were in, we would expect to see some marine animals (typically sessile or bottom dwellers) in the lowest layers (earliest stages of the Flood) and more mobile sea creatures, like fish and aquatic mammals higher in the layers representing later stages of the Flood. Likewise, we would expect to see coastal-dwelling and less mobile terrestrial animals in the middle layers of the Flood rock record and higher-elevation and more mobile animals higher up. This doesn’t represent a millions of years’ time differential between each layer, but a few hours, days, or maybe weeks at most between advances and temporary recessions of the Flood waters. 12/18/2017 147

148 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“Continuing Evolution of the Paradigm “It is almost ironic that Dicynodon was the fossil which sparked this latest proposed revision to the Permian extinction hypothesis. As stated above, uniformitarian geologists had used Dicynodon fossils to delineate the Permian-Triassic boundary, but as few as 20 years ago, this was not the case. Dicynodon was believed to have survived the Permian extinction and “made it” to the Triassic. According to Joseph Alper, “ the mammal-like reptiles fared no better. Of the 50 genera of these creatures that lived during the Permian period, only one, the genus, Dicynodon made it into the Triassic.” So 20 years ago it was claimed that Dicynodon survived the Permian extinction, then it was used to delineate the Permian extinction, and now it apparently went extinct prior to the end of the Permian. That’s a lot of change for one genus in a 20-year period. Other terrestrial plant and animal species in this study were found above the Permian-Triassic boundary, making the terrestrial portion of the Permian extinction event only a partial extinction event. 12/18/2017 148

149 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“How Should We Understand the Data? “A massive die-off of many marine organisms and some terrestrial ones fits well with the Flood geology paradigm. Marine organisms, and terrestrial amphibians and reptiles, would be expected to be washed together into mass graves during the middle stages of the Flood. As the Flood waters continued to rise, they would eventually sweep over various terrestrial ecological zones, with the pre-Flood uplands and the mountains being progressively covered in later stages. As a result of this inundation of those terrestrial ecological zones, we would begin to see layers deposited with fossils of creatures that were more readily able to flee the rising waters for a time. Dinosaurs, then mammals and birds, would be expected to be found in the highest layers as they were buried even later in the Flood. 12/18/2017 149

150 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“God’s Unchanging Word “Evolutionary scientific models constantly change as new evidence is discovered or as old evidence is interpreted in a different fashion than before. Evolution itself is such a plastic paradigm that it is simply molded to fit the new evidence and interpretation of the data. But scientific models based on the unchanging foundation of God’s Word consistently explain the evidence without having to radically change with each new discovery. 12/18/2017 150

151 The Evolution of the Permian Extinction? 二叠纪灭绝的进化？“This is because God’s Word provides the true history of the universe, and God’s Word never changes. Now, of course, creationists do sometimes change their models of a particular aspect or mechanism (e.g., the now disfavored canopy model), as new evidence comes to light, but the basic framework that is derived from God’s Word never changes. We can trust that God has given us in His Word an accurate account of Earth’s history.” Thank God for the contribution of Troy Lacey and Avery Foley. 12/18/2017 151

152 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 152

153 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 153

154 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Tim Chaffey on December 7, 2010; last featured December 22, I now quote his article below: “The idea of an angelic chorus singing praises to God has become very common in our culture, but does the Bible state that the angels sang on the night of Christ’s birth? Sing it with me. “Hark! The herald angels sing, ‘Glory to the newborn King! Peace on earth and mercy mild, God and sinners reconciled.’” 12/18/2017 154

155 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“Most of us are familiar with this beloved Christmas carol, written by Charles Wesley, which tells of an angelic chorus singing praises to God. In fact, many of our favorite Christmas hymns portray angels singing following the announcement of Christ’s birth to the shepherds, including “It Came Upon a Midnight Clear,” “O Little Town of Bethlehem,” and “Silent Night.” The idea of an angelic chorus singing praises to God has become very common in our culture. Many churches depict it in their annual Christmas programs. Even Charles Spurgeon, the famous nineteenth century preacher, waxed eloquent on singing angels: 12/18/2017 155

156 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？12/18/2017 156

157 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“’And notice how well they told the story, and surely you will love them! Not with the stammering tongue of one who tells a tale in which he has no interest; nor even with the feigned interest of a man that would move the passions of others, when he feels no emotion himself; but with joy and gladness, such as angels can only know. They sang the story out, for they could not stop to tell it in heavy prose. They sang, “Glory to God on high, and on earth peace, good will towards men.” I think they sang it with gladness in their eyes; with their hearts burning with love, and with breasts as full of joy as if the good news to man had been good news to themselves.’ “But does the Bible state that the angels sang that night? The passage in question is found in the Gospel of Luke. On the night Christ was born, an angel appeared to some shepherds who were keeping their flocks: 12/18/2017 157

158 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“Then the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid, for behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy which will be to all people. For there is born to you this day in the city of David a Savior, who is Christ the Lord. And this will be the sign to you: You will find a Babe wrapped in swaddling cloths, lying in a manger.” And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God and saying: Glory to God in the highest, And on earth peace, goodwill toward men! (Luke 2:10–14, emphasis added) 12/18/2017 158

159 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“The Greek word translated as “praising” is αινουντων (ainountōn) from the root αινεω (aineō), and in a general sense, it means “to speak of the excellence of a person, object, or event.” More specifically, in the New Testament it is used to denote “the joyful praise of God expressed in doxology, hymn or prayer, whether by individuals (Lk. 2:20; Ac. 3:8 f., the group of disciples (Lk. 19:37), the community (Ac. 2:47; Rev. 19:5) or the angels (Lk. 2:13).” 12/18/2017 159

160 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“Notice that one of the references above is Luke 2:20, which follows shortly after the announcement to the shepherds. Luke stated that when the shepherds returned from seeing the newborn Jesus, they were “glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen” (emphasis added). “There is a strong connection in Scripture between singing and praising. The Psalms often instruct believers to sing their praises to God. For example, Psalm 47:6–7 states, “Sing praises to God, sing praises! Sing praises to our King, sing praises! For God is the King of all the earth; sing praises with understanding.” Also, James instructed cheerful believers to sing praises to God (James 5:13). 12/18/2017 160

161 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“Many people have thus been led to believe that “praising” always involves singing, but, while the two are closely linked, praise is not limited to singing. A person can also praise God in many ways, such as praying, proclaiming, or shouting (Ezra 3:11). “The word translated as “saying” in Luke 2:13 is λεγοντων (legontōn) from the root λεγω (legō). This is a very common word in Scripture, and it means “to speak or talk, with apparent focus upon the content of what is said.” “THE IDEA OF ANGELS SINGING ON THE NIGHT OF CHRIST’S BIRTH HAS BECOME SO COMMON THAT MANY ARE SURPRISED TO LEARN THAT THE BIBLE DOES NOT UNEQUIVOCALLY STATE THIS. 12/18/2017 161

162 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“So we see that an angel announced the birth of Christ to the shepherds. That angel was then joined by other angels who praised God and said, “Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, goodwill toward men!” “The idea of angels singing on the night of Christ’s birth has become so common that many are surprised to learn that the Bible does not unequivocally state this. This example provides a good opportunity to discuss traditions. In and of themselves, traditions are not wrong, but they must be based on and consistent with Scripture. If they contradict Scripture, then they must be rejected. 12/18/2017 162

163 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“At the same time, we don’t want to be guilty of going too far in the other direction. Just because the Bible doesn’t explicitly state that they did sing does not necessarily mean that they did not. Some have even argued that angels do not or cannot sing at all, but those who make this claim must adequately address Job 38:7 and other passages that seem to support the idea that they can and have sung. Furthermore, there is no biblical or logical reason why they could not sing. Angels are highly intelligent beings who are capable of speaking. Why would they be incapable of putting those words into song, especially since other beings in heaven sing (Revelation 5:9–14)? 12/18/2017 163

164 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“One of the points of this series on misconceptions is to lead us all to look closely at what the Bible teaches. Far too often traditions have been the basis of our thinking, and we end up believing things that are not found in Scripture. We have heard and sung about angels singing on that night so often that many do not bother to look closely at the text. “As we wrap up this Christmas article (pun intended), you are probably wondering if the angels did sing to the shepherds. In light of the fact that there is a strong connection between praising and singing in the Bible, and since angels, in all likelihood, are capable of singing, there exists biblical support for the tradition of singing angels found in the Christmas hymns. 12/18/2017 164

165 Hark! The Herald Angels Said? 听！使者天使说的吗？“Angels might sing praises to God all the time. There may indeed have been a heavenly choir of angels singing joyous songs to their Creator on the night Christ was born. Perhaps the eloquence of Wesley and Spurgeon could not even do justice to the singing angels that night. Perhaps, but the Bible doesn’t explicitly state this. “In any case, when we think about God’s amazing gift of a Savior to mankind on that night, we should glorify and praise God, whether in spoken word or in song, just as the shepherds did on that incredible night after they had seen the newborn King.”  Thank God for the contribution of theologian Tim Chaffey. 12/18/2017 165

166 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 166

167 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 167

168 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Dr. Marcus Ross on December 20, I now quote his article below: “Winged reptiles were primitive, clumsy, “prehistoric” beasts, barely able to get off the ground, right? Take a closer look and see. “As big as a hang glider and bristling with teeth, it’s no wonder this fossil flying monster is called Anhanguera (ahn-yang-WHERE-ah), or “old devil.” Today, you may see Anhanguera in a museum’s “Prehistoric Flight” display, but there’s nothing primitive about it. From head to tail, the old devil was loaded with unique and sophisticated flying designs. 12/18/2017 168

169 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “Wingin’ It“Anhanguera was geared to soar on narrow, sailplane-like wings that spanned 15 feet (4.5 m). As with other pterosaurs, more than half the wing’s length actually trailed from a single supersized finger, the fourth digit (corresponding to our ring finger). This gigantic wing finger had to be large enough and strong enough to bear the stresses on the main wing membrane, which stretched from the fingertip all the way to the ankle. “Much more than a simple flap of skin stretched over bones, the pterosaur wing packed all the complexity of the most advanced jet fighter wing—flaps, ailerons, spoilers, and more—into an incredibly thin sheet. 12/18/2017 169

170 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 12/18/2017 170

171 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “The wing membrane consisted of three layers. The outermost layer was made of long, thin, structural fibers called actinofibrils (ak-TIN-oh-FYE-brils), found only in pterosaurs. These fibers kept the membrane stretched tight during flight. Just below was an intricate web of muscle and connective tissue that allowed Anhanguera to control the curvature of its wing even more precisely than birds do. The deepest layer consisted of the blood vessels that fed the muscles. All this squeezed into a wing membrane just hundredths of an inch—a millimeter or two—thick! 12/18/2017 171

172 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “Fuzzy-Dactyls“Pterosaurs didn’t have feathers or hair to protect them from the wind chill of flying, like birds and bats do. They had their own system instead. Covering most of the body were short, quarter-inch (5–7 mm) hair-like structures called pycnofibers (PICK-no-FYE-berz). They aren’t frequently fossilized, but when preserved they have been found on the head, body, and limbs (not on the wings so far). Though pycnofibers’ structure differs from mammal hair, they attached to the skin and likely performed some of the same functions. 12/18/2017 172

173 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “This unique insulation gave the old devil a distinctly fuzzy appearance. While pycnofibers show no direct evidence of color, advanced ultraviolet photography of some pterosaur fossils shows they possessed beautiful color patterns on their crests. So forget the dull greens and grays in old dinosaur books; pterosaurs flew with flair! 12/18/2017 173

174 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 Large openings keep the skull lightweight. The narrow shape reduces weight and improves aerodynamics. 12/18/2017 174

175 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “Breathing Room“To make flight possible you need lots of oxygen flowing through your body. To help with this, Anhanguera had pneumatized (NEW-mah-tized) bones—hollow bones that contained air sacs. The air sacs inflated and deflated like balloons, drawing in air and continuously passing it through the lungs. The lungs themselves didn’t inflate because Anhanguera’s chest was stiff and could not expand like ours. “The pneumatized bones in the neck, arm, back, and pelvic regions are clues that Anhanguera had an advanced, lightweight, ultra-efficient, bird-like respiratory system to keep it flying for long periods out over the ocean. 12/18/2017 175

176 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “Fly Fishing“While flying, Anhanguera was looking for food. With large, forward-facing eyes, it had great eyesight. The big eye sockets and long, toothy jaw make the skull look large from the side, but it was narrow and filled with open cavities to be aerodynamic and lightweight. “The old devil’s mouth was filled with teeth, ideal for scooping up fish, which, in the post-Fall world, made up nearly all of its diet. Anhanguera was initially created to eat plants, and its tooth structure was likely different at the beginning. But by the time of the Flood, the whole world was filled with violence, and this includes the specimens buried by the Flood (Genesis 6:11). 12/18/2017 176

177 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “Anhanguera belongs to a large group of flying reptiles called pterosaurs, which had many other cutting-edge designs for flight, including unique bones, fused vertebrae, and large brains with specialized regions that processed flight inputs. Each pterosaur displays its own variation on central themes: body size, wing shape, crest, tail, and no doubt color, behavior, and more. God’s astounding variety and intricate designs continue to show us His great creativity and love of a bountiful creation. 12/18/2017 177

178 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “Did You Know . . .“A specialized knuckle on the wing finger allowed the wing to fold tightly out of the way when Anhanguera needed to walk. “A pair of rounded bony crests distinguished Anhanguera from other pterosaurs. One was in front of the nostril, near the tip of the snout, and the other was below, on the lower jaw. Class: Reptilia Order: Pterosauria Suborder: Pterodactyloidea Family: Ornithocheiridae Diet: Anhanguera ate fish, probably by flying low to the ocean surface and occasionally plunging the end of its toothy jaws into the water. 12/18/2017 178

179 Winged Wonders 有翅的奇迹 “Habitat: Anhanguera likely nested on coastal lands near the shore and its ocean food source. (Locations of known remains are in Brazil and England) “Dr. Marcus Ross is associate professor of geology and assistant director of the Center for Creation Studies at Liberty University and is the founder of Cornerstone Education Supply. He holds his PhD in geosciences from the University of Rhode Island.” Thank God for the contribution of Dr. Ross. 12/18/2017 179

180 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 180

181 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 181

182 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Karin Viet on December 15, 2010; last featured December 19, I now quote his article below: “If Christ came to bring peace on earth, goodwill toward men (Luke 2:14), why is the earth groaning with strife and suffering? “Listening to the news reports of violence, scandals, and natural disasters makes the ringing of Christmas carols seem like childish naiveté. How could the angels have proclaimed peace on earth at the time of Christ’s birth while there was so much death and destruction? “Since Adam and Eve’s fall, mankind has inherited a sin-cursed world. Genesis reports how wickedness prevailed in Noah’s time. The parallels between Noah’s day and ours show the reality of judgment, the reach of grace, and the remedy of salvation. 12/18/2017 182

183 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ “Judgment Is Coming!“God did not overlook the corruption in Noah’s day: “Then the Lord saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intent of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually” (Genesis 6:5). In judgment for sin, God promised to send a Flood to destroy man and the earth (Genesis 6:13, 17). “Most people today would agree society is also corrupt, filled with school shootings, business scandals, and crime. Yet they would blame the problem on poverty, government, or a lack of education. The average person sees himself as pretty decent. 12/18/2017 183

184 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ “Surely on Judgment Day, God would allow such a “good” person into heaven, right? Jesus, however, said no one is good except God (Mark 10:18; Romans 3:10–12). Paul’s list of serious sins, such as loving self, money, and pleasure more than God, accurately describes our world today (2 Timothy 3:1–5). “We’re all born dead in our sins, following Satan to pursue selfish desires as “children of wrath” (Ephesians 2:1–3). We deserve God’s wrath (Matthew 10:28; Romans 3:23, 6:23). While God promised never to send a worldwide Flood again, He is going to send a consuming fire (2 Peter 3:1–13). 12/18/2017 184

185 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ “God Gives Grace“If all have sinned and deserve judgment, why is anyone alive today? Not even Noah deserved to be saved from the Flood. “But Noah found grace in the eyes of the Lord” (Genesis 6:8). “Grace is an undeserved gift. We cannot earn God’s saving grace by doing good works like serving in a soup kitchen, going to church, or trying to keep the Ten Commandments. “God has given everyone grace by showing Himself in creation and man’s conscience (Acts 14:16–17; Romans 1:18–22, 2:14–16). Because everyone is dead in sin, sinners need the Lord’s saving grace (Ephesians 2:1–10). The God of grace made one way of salvation that He revealed in His Word—the Bible. 12/18/2017 185

186 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ “Enter God’s One Way of Salvation“God made one way to save Noah from the Flood. Noah believed God. His faith proved genuine by his obedience in building and entering the Ark (Hebrews 11:7). Still by grace through faith alone, God saves sinners today who flee His wrath against sin by turning to His one way of salvation. The Christmas account unfolds God’s salvation plan. “Like Noah, Mary “found favor [grace] with God” (Luke 1:30). Like all other sinners, Mary needed God’s grace. She realized this and sang praise to God her Savior (Luke 1:47). 12/18/2017 186

187 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ “SAVIOR SHOWS JESUS CAME TO SAVE SINNERS, CHRIST SHOWS HIS POSITION AS THE PROMISED MESSIAH, AND LORD SHOWS HIS POWER AS GOD IN THE FLESH. “Angels announced Jesus’ birth to shepherds, calling Him “Savior, who is Christ the Lord” (Luke 2:11). These titles have tremendous significance: Savior shows Jesus came to save sinners, Christ shows His position as the promised Messiah, and Lord shows His power as God in the flesh. 12/18/2017 187

188 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ “Jesus lived a perfect life, teaching and doing miracles that showed He was the Son of God. As the perfect sacrifice, Jesus took the punishment for sin—death—by dying on the Cross in the believer’s place. He proved His victory over sin and death by rising from the dead. “God has made Jesus the one way of salvation (Acts 4:12). As Noah believed God by entering the Ark, sinners believe God’s one way of salvation by entering into Jesus, the Door of Salvation (John 10:9). God saves repentant sinners from the penalty and power of sin through faith in Jesus as Savior and Lord. 12/18/2017 188

189 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ “Noah’s salvation from the Flood through the Ark pictures the believer’s salvation through Jesus (1 Peter 3:18–22). Just as the waters of judgment fell on the Ark instead of Noah, God’s wrath against sin fell on Christ at the Cross instead of the believer (John 3:36). “Sinners must not postpone turning to Jesus. As God finally closed the door of the Ark and sent the Flood, the Lord promised to again send His wrath, a surprise to people living as those in Noah’s day—unprepared, unrepentant, unregenerate (Genesis 7:16–17; 2 Peter 3:1–13). After the fire of judgment consumes unbelievers with the earth, the Lord will reign over believers in a new heaven and earth of peace (2 Peter 3:10–13; Revelation 21). 12/18/2017 189

190 Peace on Earth? 世界和平？ “So, this Christmas, remember that peace on earth comes only through Jesus. His sacrifice on the Cross made peace between God and believing sinners (Colossians 1:20; Romans 5:1). One day, after judgment, His peace will reign forever. “Enter into Jesus, the Ark of Salvation!” Thank God for the contribution of theologian Karin Viet. 12/18/2017 190

191 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 191

192 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 192

193 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Dr. Elizabeth Mitchell on December 18, I now quote her article below: “Evolutionists claim human intelligence, culture, and society evolved because an ape-like ancestor’s brain evolved the need to be shaped by parents and the environment. “News Sources Science: “Humans Can Outlearn Chimps Thanks to More Flexible Brain Genetics” Phys.org: “Nature and Nurture: Human Brains Evolved to Be More Responsive to Environmental Influences” Georgia State University: “Human Brains Evolved to Be More Responsive to Environmental Influences, Study Discovers” 12/18/2017 193

194 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“Chimpanzees, living in the 2037 world imagined by science fiction author Arthur C. Clarke, have been reclassified as Homo and granted full rights as persons. An evolutionary worldview—the belief that humans and chimps are close cousins evolved from a common ancestor—is the basis of this fiction. Yet even in that fictional future, as now, chimps and humans differ radically in behavior and intelligence. If chimps and humans share a common ancestor, how did humans get their bigger, better brains? Enquiring evolutionary minds want to know! “Evolutionists comparing chimp and human brains think they’ve found the answer. And while they have found physical manifestations of the unique, highly adaptive nature of the human brain, to claim they’ve answered the evolutionary question of its origin is another thing entirely. Nevertheless, their study is quite interesting for those amazed at the potential of a helpless human baby to quickly grow into a bright and clever child. Moreover, they shed light on how identical twins differ. 12/18/2017 194

195 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？Robert Mearns Yerkes papers, 1822–1985 (inclusive). Manuscripts & Archives, Yale University 12/18/2017 195

196 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“As this picture illustrates, chimpanzee infants are actually more developed than human infants. This photograph was taken by scientific illustrator and natural historian Henry Cushier Raven (1889–1944). He purchased the infant chimpanzee Meshie in the Congo in 1929 and raised her with his family until she was transferred to a Chicago zoo as an adult. In a related story, psychologist William Niles Kellogg and his wife in 1931 raised the chimpanzee infant Gua with their own baby for nine months, exposing them to the same challenges and stimuli. Gua initially developed more quickly than the human baby and outperformed him in many skill tests, but then, as Smithsonian.com explains, “Gua hit a cognitive wall: no amount of training or nurturing could overcome the fact that, genetically, she was a chimpanzee. 12/18/2017 196

197 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“As such, The Psychological Record authors write, the Kelloggs’ experiment ‘probably succeeded better than any study before its time in demonstrating the limitations heredity placed on an organism regardless of environmental opportunities as well as the developmental gains that could be made in enriched environments.’” As this story illustrates, chimps start out ahead but human children soon outstrip them. Knowing that and believing chimps and humans share a common ancestor, evolutionists are suggesting that human newborns took a developmental leap backward in order to evolve their vastly greater brain potential. 12/18/2017 197

198 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“Nature Versus Nurture “Human newborns cannot jump up and walk like many newborn animals, largely because their brains have not yet reached the necessary neurological milestones. They simply aren’t “wired” to walk or talk, but they are ready to grow and be shaped by their world. Human newborns’ brains have all their nerve cells in place but dramatically increase in size and organizational connections after birth. Stimulation and interaction with their surroundings influences the development of the complex interconnections at the root of human intelligence. A rich environment surrounded by affectionate caregivers affects the emotional and intellectual development of a young child. Evidence suggests that at least part of the way this occurs is through a literal “shaping” of the brain, or rather the connections within it. 12/18/2017 198

199 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“Chimpanzee babies are much less helpless at birth but—figuratively at least—never reach the heights human babies eventually attain. Why the difference? Why can human babies, born with such apparent disadvantages, change so much more dramatically than chimpanzees as they grow? 12/18/2017 199

200 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“Chimpanzee brains, researchers reporting in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences have found, are not nearly as malleable as human brains. Using an MRI X-ray scanner, the scientists examined the brains of 218 humans and 206 chimpanzees. They compare the brains of same-species counterparts who are closely related—human identical twins, who are of course genetically matched, as well as fraternal twins and other sibling pairs. For chimps, identical twins are rather hard to come by, so they compare the brains of mother-offspring pairs and half-siblings. They examine not just the size of the brains in each pair but also the detailed shapes of comparable brain parts, like the wrinkles in the brain’s cortex. 12/18/2017 200

201 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？12/18/2017 201

202 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“By comparing the brains of genetically identical or similar individuals, the scientists hoped to see just how much variation in the pre-programmed genetic layout of the brain could be shaped by environment and experience. The scientists found the human brain’s size is genetically determined, but the organization of the human brain varies significantly even between identical twins. Significant structural differences were found in regions associated with language, attention, and memory, primarily in the “association areas” that connect sensory and motor regions of the brain. 12/18/2017 202

203 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“The authors suspect these differences reflect “underlying microstructural changes in neural circuitry,” presumably the results of differing experiences during childhood. “Genetically similar chimpanzees, on the other hand, have very little detectable variation in brain development. Their brain organization seems largely pre-programmed by their genetic blueprints. 12/18/2017 203

204 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？““We found that the anatomy of the chimpanzee brain is more strongly controlled by genes than that of human brains, suggesting the human brain is extensively shaped by its environment no matter its genetics,” says lead author Aida Gómez-Robles. “The human brain appears to be much more responsive to environmental influences," she explains. “It's something that facilitates the constant adaptation of the human brain and behavior to the changing environment, which includes our social and cultural context.” 12/18/2017 204

205 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？Image by Todd Preuss, Yerkes Primate Research Center, via Wikimedia Commons. 12/18/2017 205

206 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“These models of the chimpanzee and human brains show the relative size and wrinkle patterns typical of their brain’s cortex. The specific wrinkle pattern in human adults varies, particularly in regions of the brain associated with language, memory, and attention. Chimpanzee brains, by contrast, are organized in accordance with the dictates of their genes. 12/18/2017 206

207 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“Plasticity and People “The ability of the brain to be shaped by the environment is called plasticity. This study demonstrated that chimpanzee brains are not particularly plastic while human brain connections individualize and adapt as they grow. “Brain plasticity alone does not, of course, explain the dramatic differences between chimpanzee and human cognitive abilities. There are substantial differences between the human and the chimpanzee brain structure and size. In addition to these distinctive anatomic differences, the much greater plasticity of the human brain likely endows humans with the potential to attain the high level of intellectual, emotional, and behavioral complexity characteristic of humans. Human brain plasticity may also contribute to the individual differences between people and fit individuals to the culture in which they are raised. 12/18/2017 207

208 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“But why are human brains so much more malleable than chimpanzee brains? The authors of the PNAS study believe that humans evolved their brainpower by evolving the ability to be born with increasingly immature brains, reserving their social, intellectual, and emotional development for their formative years. Many evolutionists have even asserted that humans had to evolve the ability to be born with heads substantially smaller than their large adult size because the wide pelvis necessary to deliver a large baby’s head would limit the efficiency of bipedal walking and running—a historically popular claim that has been recently overturned. 12/18/2017 208

209 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“While the authors of the current study opt out of this controversy, they do assert that the greater plasticity of the human brain evolved as the evolving primate brain got bigger, “providing an anatomic basis for behavioral and cognitive evolution.” In other words, they think evolving humans leapt ahead of the intellectual limits of primitive ape-like ancestors by evolving the ability to be born helpless, adaptable, and fully dependent on their parents. Not acknowledging the fact that our Creator actually designed human brain plasticity, they contend that this was the anatomic basis for the evolution of human intelligence and society. 12/18/2017 209

210 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“Proof in the Fossils? “In common with most evolutionists, these scientists have examined observable differences in the present to make claims about the unobservable, untestable past. The journalist covering the PNAS study for Science asserts that the fossil record makes the case for the integral role of evolving plasticity in the evolution of the human brain. He writes, ‘The scientists also point out that this pattern of delayed development appears to have increased over evolutionary time, with our hominid ancestors presumably slowly gaining larger, more plastic brains relative to modern chimpanzees. The proof for this comes from fossil evidence, which shows that the neocortex expanded and reorganized over time in early hominins.’ 12/18/2017 210

211 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“However, while the authors of the study are wholly sold on the evolutionary significance of their findings, they offer no fossil evidence to support their claims. The brain size of juvenile Neanderthals and Homo erectus can be estimated from endocranial casts, although inferences about their wrinkles and other organizational details are severely limited. The authors acknowledge that the pattern of brain development in Neanderthal children matches that of modern humans. And while some studies have asserted the Homo erectus pattern of brain maturation was transitional between that of chimps and modern humans, later analyses have shown that the assumptions on which this contention was based were not correct. 12/18/2017 211

212 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“Early childhood brain development in Homo erectus and Neanderthals likely followed the same pattern seen in modern humans. This similarity, authors of the PNAS study write, suggests ancient human ancestors “shared the anatomical bases for social learning and cultural accumulation that are related to human cognitive evolution.” And indeed they did share the anatomical basis for learning and cultural accumulation, but that has nothing to do with human evolution! 12/18/2017 212

213 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“How Neanderthals have come up in the world from the time when they were seen as mere grunting brutes! Of course, this comes as no surprise to Bible-believers who understand that Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis were just varieties of the human beings that populated the world after the global Flood and the dispersion from the tower of Babel. There is every reason—scientifically and biblically—to believe that ancient people like these were born with the same sort of brain plasticity as newborns today. 12/18/2017 213

214 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“What Is Man? “Humans are not only created “a little lower than the angels” (Psalm 8:4) but are designed with cognitive ability and potential galactically higher than apes. Documenting the physical basis for the extraordinary ability of the human brain to develop rapidly and dramatically during early childhood, this study shows that chimpanzees have no comparable plasticity. While the study’s authors have affirmed the uniqueness of this human characteristic, they have learned nothing about how humans got that way. They have demonstrated a distinct difference between the way chimpanzee infants and human infants develop, but they have not demonstrated an ancestral link. 12/18/2017 214

215 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“Neither have they shown any way that the highly adaptive human brain evolved from anything less than human; they simply assume it did. No molecules-to-man evolution was involved in human history or explains the marvels of the minds with which God endowed human beings. “This study, with its emphasis on the helplessness of human newborns is a reminder that human beings are not animals but are made in the image of God. They are designed to need the protection and loving attention of their parents not only while inside their mothers’ bodies (Psalm 139:13–16) but also once they enter this world. As we watch the babies God entrusts to our care grow and develop in response to the nurturing care we give them, let us recall that God made every human being special. Each of us, including genetically identical twins, is a unique individual with whom God desires a personal relationship. 12/18/2017 215

216 Did the Human Brain Evolve the Ability to Evolve ? 难道人类大脑进化到进化的能力？“The author of all creation made the first two people, Adam and Eve, in His own image, distinct from the animals, on the very same day He made the land animals. Despite God’s great love for them, Adam and Eve disobeyed their Creator (Genesis 3), bringing sin and death into the good world God had made. Jesus Christ, the Son of God, later entered human history (John 3:16; Galatians 4:4) as the “last Adam” (1 Corinthians 15:45) by being born as a human being—an event we will soon commemorate with celebrations all over the world—in order to redeem all who repent and receive the salvation He purchased (1 Peter 1:18–21) for us through His sacrificial death on the Cross. May our hearts be as “plastic” and responsive to the gospel of God’s love as the tender brains of our newborns are responsive to the love and attention we shower on them.” Thank God for Dr. Mitchell’s contribution. 12/18/2017 216

217 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 217

218 Sermons From Science -- Jan 2016 科学布道-- 2016年1月Sermons from Science has been published in both YouTube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in PowerPoint slides and corresponding videos in the website since 2011. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui 12/18/2017 218

219 How “Evolution” Might Save Coral Reefs “进化”可能挽救珊瑚礁The Answers In Genesis website published an article written by Frost Smith on December 21, I now quote his article below: “Stressed corals tend to expel their symbiotic algae, causing a whitish appearance and what is called “bleaching.” Several successive years of such stress can cause the coral to die. Corals in Kāne’ohe Bay, Hawaii have shown a high rate of bleaching this year. Scientists on a nearby island are hoping to help the corals cope with increasing temperature and acidity in the water that they attribute to global warming and a strong El Niño pattern this year. Others have begun attributing the bleaching at least partially to oxybenzone, a chemical found in sunscreen. Although the research is being conducted in the Hawaiian Islands, the observed bleaching is occurring worldwide, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), though Hawaii is taking a harder hit than other areas—and for the second year in a row. They believe that up to 30% of the worldwide coral population has died already in recent years. 12/18/2017 219

220 How “Evolution” Might Save Coral Reefs “进化”可能挽救珊瑚礁“Man’s role in global warming aside, what can we as humans do to help corals survive and why should we want to? Scientists are testing a theory called assisted evolution on these corals. Of course evolution (of the corals-to-constable type) is assumed in this terminology, but what they are doing is what a biologist who believes in creation would be doing! They are taking healthy corals from amid the stressed ones and selectively breeding those that seem most resilient. They are exposing corals to stressors, such as increased acidity and temperature, in a controlled way and selecting those that respond best (based on their pre-existent genetic information) to new environmental variables that pose problems to their survival in the wild. What we see is natural selection against non-resilient corals in the wild and intelligent intervention by scientists via artificial selection of resilient corals to controlled stresses that will help them survive under adverse conditions. That’s good observational science, not evolution. 12/18/2017 220

221 How “Evolution” Might Save Coral Reefs “进化”可能挽救珊瑚礁Kevin Panizza/iStock/Thinkstock Colorful biodiversity of a Hawaii coral reef. 12/18/2017 221

222 How “Evolution” Might Save Coral Reefs “进化”可能挽救珊瑚礁“This sort of intelligent assistance (although not always called assisted evolution) has been going on “for thousands of years on other plants and animals,” but not in wild corals, according to the AP report. Indeed, centuries prior to both Gregor Mendel’s discovery of some of the rules of heredity and Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species in the mid 1800s, farmers had been selectively breeding plants and animals for hardiness and other desirable traits. Though desirable traits in agriculture aren’t necessarily only for the best—particularly for the plant or animal—survivability is a must, even if it means other desirable traits such as attractive appearance are reduced. 12/18/2017 222

223 How “Evolution” Might Save Coral Reefs “进化”可能挽救珊瑚礁“In this case, both attractive appearance and survivability are one and the same. Though known for their beauty, corals aren’t exactly the first thing one might think needs to be preserved, particularly to those that don’t live near a coast. However, they are important as a beautiful creature that God created, as a habitat for many other creatures, and as a beneficial creature to us. They minimize wave impacts on shore from storms, and the algae they typically host provide a great deal of oxygen for our atmosphere. 12/18/2017 223

224 How “Evolution” Might Save Coral Reefs “进化”可能挽救珊瑚礁“So we can applaud the efforts of these scientists that are hoping to “beat the heat” in breeding corals that can survive in adverse conditions, and hope that they are able to stay ahead of the bleaching. If there is anything to learn from this research, maybe it is a reminder that as believers we need to be good stewards of our energy and decrease effects we may have on the atmosphere. Also, calling this evolution does a disservice to the intelligent input of these scientists and, more importantly, to the intelligent design of our Creator God.”  Thank God for the contribution of scientist Frost Smith. 12/18/2017 224

225 Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝 12/18/2017 225