1 Settling of the Frontier West, 1865-1890

2 the plains indians

3 Nomadic Warriors Sioux, Cheyenne, Arapaho

4 Reasons for the Government’s Choice of Indian Policy1. Farmland 2. Railroad Companies 3. Gold

5 Indians Are Cheated 1. 2. 3.

6 Treaty of Ft. Laramie (1851) Colorado Gold Rush (1859)

7 Colonel John ChivingtonKill and scalp all, big and little! Sandy Creek, CO Massacre November 29, 1864 Chivington Massacre Result:

8 2nd Treaty of Ft. Laramie (1868) Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek (1867)Reservation Policy

9 Reasons for the American Victory1. 2.

10 Treaties Are Broken for GoldWhite settlers flood the Indian territory. Indians appeal to government. They attempt a peaceful solution. Government sends Seventh Cavalry to remove Indians. Sitting Bull’s Vision (Tatanka Yotanka): Crazy Horse (Tashunka Witko):

11 Gen. George Armstrong CusterThe Battle of Little Big Horn 1876 Gen. George Armstrong Custer Chief Sitting Bull

12 No More Independence Crazy Horse surrenders and is murdered.1881-Sitting Bull surrenders. All hope for independence vanishes.

13 Carlisle Indian School, PADawes Severalty Act (1887): Americanization Policy 1. 2. 3. Carlisle Indian School, PA

14 “Ghost Dance”, 1890 Wovoka:

15 Chief Big Foot’s Lifeless Body Wounded Knee, SD, 1890Indians are needlessly slaughtered

16 Helen Hunt Jackson Published in 1881A Century of Dishonor Published in 1881 Called a change in federal Indian policies Describe the horrible living conditions and treatment

17 The Americanization of the Indian!

18 Federal Indian Boarding SchoolsIndian Children “Walking in Two Worlds”!

19 The Americanization Policy Fails1. 2. 3.

20 Indian Reservations Today

21 Crazy Horse Monument: Black Hills, SDLakota Chief

22 His vision of the finished memorial.Korczak Ziolkowski, Sculptor Crazy Horse Monument His vision of the finished memorial.

23 Mt. Rushmore: Black Hills, SD

24 the cowboys

25 The Traditional View of the West

26 Romance and the West Wild West Show draws thousands and thousandsDime-novels sell a fiction that the country can’t wait to read!

27 What Is the Truth About Cowboys?

28 The Farmers

29 Homesteads From Public Lands1862- Congress passed the Homestead Act

30 1887 Land Promotion Poster for the Dakota Territories

31 The Realty--A Pioneer’s Sod House, SDPhysical Strain: Emotional Strain:

32 Barbed Wire Joseph Glidden

33 Oklahoma Land Rush Who were the “sooners”? Who were the “boomers”?Indians lost land because of their support of the Confederacy! 2 million acres There was more than one land rush in Oklahoma!

34 the GUNSLINGERS

35 God didn’t make men equal. Colonel Colt did!Colt .45 Revolver God didn’t make men equal. Colonel Colt did!

36 Legendary Gunslingers & Train RobbersJesse James Billy the Kid

37 Legendary Female Western CharactersCalamity Jane Annie Oakley

38 Dodge City Peace Commission, 1890