1 Sexually Transmitted DiseasesUnit 3 Infectious Disease Sexually Transmitted Diseases
2 Words To know Infectious Disease : disease caused by an agent that can pass from one living thing to another Communicable Disease : an infectious disease that is passed from one person to another Microorganisms : a living thing that can be seen only with a microscope Pathogens : any agent that causes diseases 2 most common pathogens Other Pathogens 1. Bacteria fungi 2. Viruses protists - parasitic worms
3 Types of Bacteria (common)A type of microorganism that can cause disease, majority are harmless Can kill bacteria with antibiotics Types of Bacteria (common) Strep throat Food/water poisoning urinary-tract infection sinus infection Tuberculosis
5 Other pathogens Types of Fungi athlete’s foot, jock itch, ringwormTypes of Protists one cell organism (malaria, west nile) Types of Parasitic Worms tapeworm, liver fluke (snails), trichinosis (from pigs - pork foods)
6 How are Infectious Diseases Spread?1. Through the air 2. Contact with Contaminated Objects 3. Person to person 4. Food and Water 5. Animal Spreading Diseases From infectious and/or communicable diseases the body will either have an infection or a disease.
7 Defenses Against InfectionWays our body copes with infection: Skin Chemical Warfare on Germs Mucus Membranes Stomach Acids Helpful Microorganisms Your Immune System
8 Your Immunity Protection against developing a certain disease.Immune system – protects body from disease Immunization – injection of a small amount of a pathogen that will provide protection against an infections disease Antibiotics – drugs that kill or limit the growth of bacterial not viruses.
9 How the Immune System WorksPathogens – any agent that enters the body Macrophage – first attacks and activates Helper T Helper T cells – regulates the actions of T Cells Killer T cells – kills or neutralizes pathogens B cells – recognizes the size & produce antibodies 6. Antibodies – sticks to the pathogen & slows action 7. Suppressors T cells – turns off immune system Memory T cells – recognizes agent & immediately attacks
10 Trends in Sexual Risk Behaviors Among High School StudentsEach year 3 million cases of STD in teens in U.S. Each year 1 million U.S. teens get pregnant HIV infection is the 6th leading cause of death among y/o Unprotected sexual intercourse and multiple sex partners is risky for HIV, STD, and pregnancy One out of six college girls are raped. Mostly “date rape” & they know their victims.
11 What’s Happening in GeorgiaGeorgia, like the rest of the Southeast, has some of the highest rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Infections (STDs/STIs) in the country. According to the CDC, in 2012 Georgia was ranked: 8th Highest in the U.S. for chlamydia with a rate of 534 per 100,000 5th Highest in the U.S. for gonorrhea with a rate of 156.1 per 100,000 1st in the U.S. for primary and secondary syphilis with a rate of 9.5 per 100,000 Cobb County Public Health
12 Sexual Activities + Depression = Suicide Motivation for Abstinence personal goals Concerned about risks (reward pleasure) Personal/Religious Beliefs (values) - Parents’ influence
13 How many STD’s are there?1974 – 2 STD’s (gonorrhea & syphilis) 2004 – 20 different STD’s 2012 – 27 (3 new bacterial STD’s)
14 In the United States, about 85% of all sexually transmitted diseases occur in persons between the ages of
15 Ways to Get an STD Vaginal, Anal, or Oral Sex Contamminated NeedlesTattoos Piercing
16 2 Most Common STD Chlamydia (Bacteria - curable) Genital Warts (HPV)(virus – non-curable)
17 Fact Sheet (open link below)American Teens' Sexual and Reproductive Health May 2014
18 Through the Years Started out as VD (venereal disease)- Syphilis oldest VD STD (Sexual Transmissible Disease) STD (Sexual Transmitted Diseases) Today: STI (Sexual Transmitted Infection)
19 Types of STDs Type: Gonorrhea Cause: BacteriaSigns/Symptoms: often no signs/symptoms; heavy yellowish discharge Treatment: Antibiotic
20 Gonorrhea/Bacterial Often called the CLAPPenis was clapped between 2 hands to push out the infection
21 Type: PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)Causes: Bacteria Signs/Symptoms: painful sexual intercourse; uterine bleeding; urinary problems Treatment: Powerful antibiotics Type: Chlamydia Signs/Symptoms: usually no signs/symptoms; difficulty urinating; discharge Treatment: Antibiotics
22 Type: Genital herpes Causes: Virus Signs/Symptoms: usually no signs/symptoms; painful blisters on cervix or penis Treatment: No Cure
23 Type: Syphilis Causes: Bacteria Signs/Symptoms: 1st sign – small red bumps called chancre; 2nd rash/moist sores in genital areas; 3rd (final stage) blindness, paralysis, or death Treatment: Antibiotics
24 Type: Trichomoniasis Causes: Bacteria that can turn into a virus Signs/Symptoms: painful urination; discharge Treatment: Antibiotics Type: Genital Warts (Human Papilloma Virus) Causes: Virus Signs/Symptoms: Warts in the genital or anal area Treatment: No Cure
25 Type: Vaginitis Causes: Bacteria that can turn into a virus Signs/Symptoms: painful urination; discharge Treatment: Antibiotics depending on cause Type: Hepatitis B Causes: Virus Signs/Symptoms: flu like symptoms; dark urine; yellowish skin Treatment: No Cure
26 Type: Pubic Lice Causes: Parasitic Signs/Symptoms: Intense itching in genital area Treatment: Medicated lotions & shampoo Type: Scabies Signs/Symptoms: Intense itching in genital area, under breast, armpits, between fingers
27 Penicillin Common antibiotic used to treat many bacterial STD’s