1 Simplify Like Terms Grade 4Simplify algebraic expressions by collecting like terms (adding and subtracting) If you have any questions regarding these resources or come across any errors, please contact
2 Lesson Plan Lesson Overview Progression of LearningObjective(s) Simplify algebraic expressions by collecting like terms (adding and subtracting) Grade 4 Prior Knowledge Number line Adding and subtracting positive and negative integers Concept of an algebraic term Duration Objective is limited to adding and subtracting. Content can be covered within 40 minutes. Resources Print slides: 4, 11, 17 Equipment Progression of Learning What are the students learning? How are the students learning? (Activities & Differentiation) Sign at the front of the term applies to this term Can add or subtract if term is the same Give students slide 4 printed. Demonstrate how to ”read” the expressions. That the sign at the front of the term applies to this term. Can be helpful to get students to circle the whole term including the sign. Particularly need to focus on negatives. Use slide 6 to explain each question for the demonstration. Then give students additional time to work on the practice sections. Solutions given on slide 8 and 10. 15 Simplify algebraic expressions by collecting like terms in contextualised problems Give students slide 11. Explain to students that the algebraic expressions as not always given to them in a straight forward line. Instead they need to form the expressions. Normally this topic is combined with shape knowledge. Allow students to attempt question on their own for 2 minutes. Review question together and model answer. Allow the reasoning questions to be an opportunity to check for understanding. Simplify algebraic expressions by collecting like terms in OCR exam questions (from specimen papers) Give students slide 17. This includes 3 exam questions related to objective. Students need to use notes from lesson to answer the questions. Ensure that all steps are shown. Relate to mark scheme to show how the marks are allocated. 10 Next Steps Further simplification (involving multiplying and dividing), index notation, expanding brackets Assessment PLC/Reformed Specification/Target 4/Algebra/Collecting Like Terms
3 Key Vocabulary Like terms Algebraic Simplify
4 Simplify by collecting like termsDEMO PRACTICE PRACTICE 2 1) a + a + a + a 2) b + c + b + c + b 3) 2m + 4p + 5m + 3p 4) 4x + 3y – 3x + 4y 10a + 4a 2b + 7b 3a + a + 4a 11b – 4b 14b – 5b + 4b 3a – 6a + a 10a + 4b –a +5b 8a + 5a +5b – 3b 12b – 7a + 3b +a 2b – 8b –a + 9a -13b + 4a -5b -4a 11a + 8b + 2c + 6a + 3b -2c 6b + 4b –a +6c + 5a – 4c 7c + 4b- 3b + a + 10c – 5a 10a + 4b + 7a + 10b – 17a – 14b 5b + 4c + 18c – 22a + z Student Sheet 1
5 Simplify by collecting like terms1) a + a + a + a 2) b + c + b + c + b 3) 2m + 4p + 5m + 3p 4) 4x + 3y – 3x + 4y
6 Simplify by collecting like terms1a 2a 3a 4a 1) a + a + a + a 2) b + c + b + c + b 3) 2m + 4p + 5m + 3p 4) 4x + 3y – 3x + 4y = 4a (not a4) 1b 2b 3b 1c 2c = 3b + 2c 2m 7m 4p 7p = 7m + 7p 4x 1x = x + 7y 3y 7y
7 Practice 10a + 4a 2b + 7b 3a + a + 4a 11b – 4b 14b – 5b + 4b
8 Practice - Solutions 10a + 4a = 14a 2b + 7b = 9b 3a + a + 4a =8a14b – 5b + 4b = 13b 3a – 6a + a = -2a
9 More Practice Collecting like termsSimplify: 10a + 4b –a +5b 8a + 5a +5b – 3b 12b – 7a + 3b +a 2b – 8b –a + 9a -13b + 4a -5b -4a 11a + 8b + 2c + 6a + 3b -2c 6b + 4b –a +6c + 5a – 4c 7c + 4b- 3b + a + 10c – 5a 10a + 4b + 7a + 10b – 17a – 14b 5b + 4c + 18c – 22a + z
10 More Practice Collecting like termsSimplify: 10a + 4b –a +5b = 9a + 9b 8a + 5a +5b – 3b = 13a +2b 12b – 7a + 3b +a = -6a + 15b 2b – 8b –a + 9a = 8a -6b -13b + 4a -5b -4a = -18b 11a + 8b + 2c + 6a + 3b -2c = 17a + 11b 6b + 4b –a +6c + 5a – 4c = 4a +10b +2c 7c + 4b- 3b + a + 10c – 5a = -4a + b +17c 10a + 4b + 7a + 10b – 17a – 14b = 0 5b + 4c + 18c – 22a + z = -22a + 5b +22c + z
11 Problem Solving and ReasoningHere is an isosceles triangle. Find an expression for the perimeter of the triangle Show algebraically that the perimeters of these shapes are identical The total perimeter of the shape below is 53 cm. (a) Write an equation for the perimeter. (b) Find the value of 𝑥 and hence the length of the longest side. What is the difference between 4x and x4 ? Can you write an expression that will simply to 6x – 4y? What do you look for when you simplify an expression? Spot the mistake: 3x + y – x + 2y = 3 + 3y Student Sheet 2
12 Problem Solving and ReasoningHere is an isosceles triangle Find an expression for the perimeter of the triangle 5x - 2 22 – 4x
13 Problem Solving and ReasoningHere is an isosceles triangle Find an expression for the perimeter of the triangle 5x - 2 5x - 2 5x – 2 + 5x – – 4x = 10x – x = 6x + 18 22 – 4x
14 Constructing algebraic argumentsRectangle Triangle 14+ 20x 10 + 4x 8x - 3 5x + 15 2x Show algebraically that the perimeters of these shapes are identical 10 x x – 6 = 26x + 24 10 + 4x x =26x + 24
15 Problem Solving and ReasoningThe total perimeter of the shape below is 53 cm. (a) Write an equation for the perimeter. (b) Find the value of 𝑥 and hence the length of the longest side. Total perimeter 3𝑥+3𝑥−8+2𝑥+1 53=8𝑥−7 Solving 8𝑥−7=53 8𝑥=60 𝑥=7.5𝑐𝑚 Longest Side 3𝑥=22.5 3𝑥 − 8 3𝑥 2𝑥+1
16 Reason and explain What is the difference between 4x and x4 ? Can you write an expression that will simply to 6x – 4y? Are there any more? What do you look for when you simplify an expression? What is important? Spot the mistake: 3x + y – x + 2y = 3 + 3y 4x = x + x + x + x x4 = x x x x x x x 2x + 10y + 4x – 14y LOTS! The same terms Check for signs (+/-) Should be 2x NOT 3
17 Exam Questions – Specimen PapersStudent Sheet 3
18 Exam Questions – Specimen Papers
19 Exam Questions – Specimen Papers
20 Exam Questions – Specimen Papers