1 South Adams / Area 18 Machine Trades Tool ID

2 Available in either RED or BLUETypically brush on, but are also available in aerosol spray cans and felt tip markers Used to coat the surface of material so that scribed layout lines will be more visible Layout Dye

3 Used to scribe (scratch) a precision, clean line on the surface of a part. These lines will then be used as reference lines for machining. Typically available as either a carbide or hardened steel tipped Warning: Extremely sharp! May puncture skin Scribe

4 Hardened and tempered steel with a tip sharpened to an included point angle of 30 degreesWarning:Should only be lightly tapped with a small hammer. Used to lightly mark the location of two intersecting scribed lines Layout or Prick Punch

5 Can be hit hard enough to leave a useful depression in the material.Hardened and tempered steel with a tip sharpened to an included point angle of 90 degrees Can be hit hard enough to leave a useful depression in the material. Used after a prick punch to give a drill bit a definite divot to fall into so that the hole will be precisely located. Center Punch

6 Hardened and tempered steel with the end reduced to slightly smaller than standard pin sizes.Always use the proper size for each application, too small and punch could bend, too large and it could be “wedged” into the hole. Used to remove pins such as dowel pins, roll (spring) pins, or even a broken bolt. Pin Punch

7 Hardened and tempered steel with a long tapered end.WARNING: Drift Punches should NEVER be struck with a hammer!! Heat treatment of drift punches are not intended for impact Used by hand only to line up two or more holes so that a bolt or similar fastener can be installed in an assembly. Drift Punch

8 Chisels should always be kept sharp and in good conditionChisels should always be kept sharp and in good condition. Always remove any mushrooming of the striking end of any punch / chisel Hardened and tempered steel with a flat sharpened end sharpened to 60 degree included angle Used to remove rivets, bolt heads, fasteners, etc. Can also be used to remove ferrous and nonferrous materials the same way a wood plan removes wood. Cold Chisel

9 Parallels are used to support parts at a higher level so that machining / inspection can take place more easily. Also allows machining to take place completely through the part without harming the vise or table. Hardened and precision ground matching thin pieces of steel. Normally 1/2” thick or less. Note: Parallels are ground as a matched set, so they must be kept together. Heights of parallels are precise typically within tenths of an inch, but keep in mind the thickness and ends are usually not intended for referencing. Parallels

10 Precision, perfectly flat work surface used for set-up and inspection of workpieceWARNING: Surface plate should NEVER be hammered on or used as a workbench!! May be Granite or Cast Iron. Granite – Holds flatness better and is not effected by temperature change. Cast Iron – more durable and does not chip. Surface Plate

11 Precision ground interlocking tapered parts assembled together to create a parallel surfaceScrew in side can be loosened up and parallel can be adjusted to any height within a given range. Used when standard height parallels are not the right size or when a slot needs measured with an external measuring tool Adjustable Parallels

12 Precision ground tapered parts used to set up a part at a given angleAlso known as “Angle Blocks” Typically comes in 1-5 degrees, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 degrees. Angle Parallels

13 Precision ground block measuring 1.0000” X 2.0000” X 3.0000”Used to space a part up for machining or inspection. Available with or without holes, tapped or non-tapped. Also available as Blocks or whatever combination needed. 1-2-3 Blocks

14 Used to securely hold parts for hand work, such as filing or drilling.Typically known as a “Bench Vise” NOTE: Flat surface behind jaws are for light tapping only NOT for heavy hammering! Machinist Vise

15 Also known as a “Toolmaker’s Vise” or “Grinding Vise”Used to hold small parts in a very precise, accurate position so that it may be machined. Every surface of the Precision Vise is accuratly ground parallel and perpendicular to each other, therefore the vise may be used in any position – even upside down! Precision Vise

16 Shaped like an upside-down “T” with a Tapped hole in the centerMade to fit easily in the “T-Slot” of a machine, it can easily slide to any position on the table or fixture. Typically the bottom thread is smashed so that the bolt or stud can not protrude past the bottom of the nut. If the stud or bolt tightens against the bottom of the “T-Slot”, it can break out the top of the “T-Slot” T-Nut

17 Small steps on back end are used to interlock with step blocks for precision adjustment of height.Thick, strong Steel bar with a slot used to securely hold parts directly to the table or to fixtures. When using Strap Clamps: 1)Strap clamp MUST be Parallel to the surface you are clamping to, or slightly higher (1/8” max) at step block. 2) Stud or bolt used for clamping must be closer to the part than the Step Block Strap Clamp

18 Strong steel or aluminum blocks with small steps in an angled surface.May be used individually, or positioned together, or any combination. NOTE: Make sure you are always clamping through the interlocked teeth and not on an edge. Step Blocks

19 Machinist Jack AttachmentsAttachments are typically included to allow for support of irregular shaped surfaces Screw jack used to support long pieces of material for machining or inspection Attachments Machinist Jack

20 Steel Hammer with both a flat face and a spherical radii faceMay come with wooden, fiberglass, or steel handle Spherical radii face can be used for many tasks, but its initial design was meant for forming sheet metal Ball Pein Hammer

21 Heavy hammer with the entire head made of LeadHandles are typically Steel since the lead head is molded directly to it. The soft lead is easily deformed when used thus protecting the part being hit. Once the head has been destroyed, it can be remelted and remolded to the handle once again. Lead Hammer

22 Solid brass head meant to deform and not damage the material being hitHandles are typically wood, aluminum, steel or fiberglass Although the brass will deform when hitting harder materials, it will hold up much longer than lead or other non-marring hammers Brass Hammer

23 Hard rubber molded hammer with a hollow headHandles are typically one piece, welded to the head and covered completely with hard rubber Hard rubber molded hammer with a hollow head The hollow head is unique since it is filled with lead pellets (much like used in shotgun shells). Once the hammer is swung and it hits the part, instead of bouncing, the lead shot in the hammer’s head continues its motion and gives you a solid hit. Dead Blow Hammer

24 Straight round punches with a “Prick” point centered in the endTypically comes in sets that match standard drill sizes. Used when a hole needs to match a preexisting hole. The mating parts are placed together, the Transfer punch is placed in the hole and lightly tapped with a hammer, therefore marking the location of the hole. Transfer Punches

25 Typically comes in standard thread sizesShort threaded “set screws” with a point used to mark tapped hole locations Typically comes in standard thread sizes Used when a hole needs to match a preexisting tapped hole. The transfer screw is placed in the tapped holes with a small amount of the point sticking out. The mating parts are then placed together and the top part is hit with a hammer thus forcing the points into the mating part . Transfer Screw

26 Much like having two scribes mounted together.Two sharpened parts mounted so that the distance between can easily be adjusted Much like having two scribes mounted together. Used mostly in machining to scribe circles. One leg is placed in a center punched mark at the centerline of the circle and the other is rotated around to scratch a circle into the part Divider Calipers

27 Much like having two scribes mounted on a long bar.Two sharpened parts mounted so that the distance between can easily be adjusted Much like having two scribes mounted on a long bar. Used mostly in machining to scribe circles. One leg is placed in a center punched mark at the centerline of the circle and the other is rotated around to scratch a circle into the part Trammels

28 Hermaphrodite CalipersOne sharpened point and one bent leg mounted together Easily adjusted and locked down to any size. Used mostly in machining to scribe lines parallel to an edge. Hook the bent leg over the edge and drag the pointed leg across the part to scribe a line. Hermaphrodite Calipers

29 Outside Calipers Two bent legs that are pointed towards each otherCan easily be adjusted to any size. Historically used in machining to measure outside dimensions of parts. Today they have very few uses in machining, mostly used by woodworkers. Outside Calipers

30 Inside Calipers Two bent legs that are pointed away from each otherCan easily be adjusted to any size. Historically used in machining to measure inside dimensions of parts. Today they have very few uses in machining, mostly used by woodworkers. Inside Calipers

31 Precision Square Also known as a “machinist square” or “solid square”Typically two pieces permanently mounted together Both inside and outside of the square may be used to check perpendicularity of parts. Precision Square

32 Traditionally used to scribe lines parallel to a flat surface, today used mostly with a Dial Test Indicator to check flatness / parallelism of a surface. Knob at back of base allows for easy adjustment of test indicator. Surface Gage is used mostly for set up and inspection of parts Surface Gage

33 Precision ground Perpendicular Cast Iron, Steel or GraniteCan come ribbed or non-ribbed, slotted or non-slotted, holes or no mounting holes Used to mount parts perpendicular to a surface for machining and/or inspection. In most cases the ends along with the big surfaces are also precision machined Angle Plate

34 Precision ground blocks with “V” shaped grooves in opposing sidesTypically comes with a clamp for holding small parts. Used to hold round parts for machining or inspection although square parts can be held if an edge is in need of machining. V-Blocks

35 Consists of a Blade, Square Head, Protractor Head, and Centering HeadUsed to check straightness of a part (blade), Squareness of a part (square head/blade), angle between two surfaces (protractor head), and finding the center of a square or round part (centering head). Combination Set

36 Square Head Attaches easily the blade of the combination setMay be used individually as a level, small square, or to check 45 degree angles Spirit level – used for setting up or inspecting 45 or 90 degree angles Knurled protrusion is actually a scribe! Pull it out and see! Typically used with the blade of the combination set to layout or inspect 45 & 90 degree angles. Square Head

37 Attaches easily the blade of the combination setUsed in combination with the blade to find the center of a round or square part Center Head

38 Protractor Head Attaches easily the blade of the combination setMay be used with or without the blade Spirit level – used for setting up or inspecting any angle from degrees Blade is used with protractor head for set-up, layout or inspection Used for layout or inspection of angles, typical discrimination is 1 degree. Protractor Head

39 May be used alone as a straight edge or Steel RuleMuch like a rigid steel rule, but also has a lengthwise slot on one side Slot in side allows for easy adjustment of Square, Protractor, and Center heads May be used alone as a straight edge or Steel Rule Blade

40 Steel Rule Semi-Precision measuring tool used for layout or inspectionAvailable in any length from a fraction of an Inch to several feet Discrimination (or smallest measurement) of Steel Rules can very from .010 – 1/4 of an inch Color combination is typically satin chrome with black markings, but can also be black with silver or white markings Steel Rule

41 Square or round head with blade able to rotate to any angleAvailable in round head, but square head is typically more useful Used to check any angle between 0 and 180 degrees Steel Protractor

42 Universal Bevel ProtractorPrecision tool used to measure angles within 5 minutes of a degree Also known as a Vernier Bevel Protractor or just Bevel Protractor Short Blade Acute angle attachment Long Blade Magnifying Glass Uses a Vernier scale to obtain precision angular measurement. Can measure any angle degrees Universal Bevel Protractor

43 The most basic precision measuring tool, typical discrimination -The most basic precision measuring tool, typical discrimination ” or .001mm Available with either a ratchet stop or friction thimble for consistent measurement Ratchet Stop Friction Thimble Lock Lever Lock Nut Used to inspect round, square, or any outside dimension. Both the Anvil and Spindle are flat and typically carbide faced Outside Micrometer

44 Tubular or rod shaped tool used to measure inside slots or boresAvailable with extensions for use in larger spaces Inside Micrometer Extensions Used to accurately measure inside dimensions, typical discrimination .001”. Inside Micrometer

45 Inside Micrometer CaliperMicrometer used to precisely measure inside small holes and slots Typically available with a discrimination of .001” Markings on sleeve are labeled backwards from an outside micrometer Standard used for verifying micrometer is zeroed Ratchet Stop Lock Note: On Inside Micrometer Calipers, that you read what you CAN NOT see on the sleeve Inside Micrometer Caliper

46 Micrometer with interchangeable rods used to measure the depths of pockets, slots, or stepsAvailable with base widths of 2 1/2” or 4” Markings on sleeve are labeled backwards from an outside micrometer Additional rods for longer measurements Note: When changing rods, make sure mating surfaces are clean and nut is tight. NEVER adjust black nuts on end of rods! Depth Micrometer

47 Interchangeable anvil MicrometerAvailable with either a ratchet stop or friction thimble for consistent measurement Also known as a “Pin Mike” Replaceable anvil Anvil Clamp Nut Anvil Clamp Used to inspect tube wall thickness, hole locations to an edge of a part, and irregular shaped items. The anvil can be round pins, thin flats, or special anvils custom made. Interchangeable anvil Micrometer

48 Much like an outside micrometer, but with pointed anvil and spindlePoints typically have a small (.030) flat on each tip 30 degree Points on both anvil and spindle Used to measure such things as minor diameter of gear teeth or splines. May also be used to measure small grooves Point Micrometer

49 “M” shaped anvil must be changed to match the Lead of the thread being measuredMuch like an outside micrometer, but with pointed spindle and a “M” shaped anvil 60 degree “M” shaped anvil 60 degree pointed spindle Used to measure thread pitch diameter, the “M” shaped anvil fits the threads on one side while the 60 degree pointed spindle contacts the other side of the thread. Thread Micrometer

50 An outside micrometer with both the spindle and anvil reduced to a smaller diameterDiameters are typically reduced to less than 1/8” Spindle and Anvil reduced to smaller diameters Used to measure such things as minor diameter of gear teeth or splines. May also be used to measure small grooves Spline Micrometer

51 Multi-Anvil MicrometerMicrometer used to precisely measure outside dimensions Typically available with a discrimination of .001” and a range of 0-+6” Interchangeable anvils Frame large enough for biggest range of measurement Typically used by tradesmen that do not need to invest in individual micrometers Multi-Anvil Micrometer

52 V-Anvil is typically 120 or 144 degreesOutside micrometer with standard or slightly tapered down spindle and a “V” shaped anvil Available in many V-anvil angles, but typically 120 degrees and 144 degrees V-Anvil is typically 120 or 144 degrees Used to inspect diameters of round or multi-fluted items, in the case of a 3-flute cutter, two flutes will touch each side of the V-anvil while the spindle measures against the third V-Anvil Micrometer

53 An outside micrometer with thin flat spindle and anvilAvailable in various measurement ranges Anvil and spindle are both reduced to a thin flat cross section Spindle is non-rotating so that the flats always line up Used to measure in thin grooves or any tight area. Blade Micrometer

54 Small Hole Micrometer Also known as “Intrimikes” or “Tri-Mikes”Normally only .200 range of measurement Typically three measuring surfaces Discrimination typically .0002 Used to accurately measure inside diameters. Small Hole Micrometer

55 Spherical Anvil MicrometerOutside micrometer with a flat spindle and a ball shaped anvil Available with either a ratchet stop or friction thimble for consistent measurement Ball shaped anvil Used to inspect tube wall thickness or anything with and internal radius where a flat anvil would give a false reading Spherical Anvil Micrometer

56 Small micrometer with two washer-like protrusions controlled by a micrometer headTypically ” or mm range of measurement Small washer-like protrusions Used to inspect shallow groves in small bores that could not otherwise be able to be measured Groove Micrometer

57 The most basic Caliper, although more difficult to read, still accurate to within .001Normally the cheapest tool to measure large distances Vernier Scale Used just like dial calipers except without the dial Vernier Calipers

58 Basic precision measuring tool with a typical discrimination of .001Available with or without a thumbwheel Nibs used for inside measurements Depth Rod Step measurement (Back Side) Thumbwheel Jaws for outside measurement Used to measure Outside, Inside, Step, and depths Dial Calipers

59 Layout and inspection tool which includes a carbide scribe that can be precisely located at various heights Carbide Scribe should only be ground on the top side to re-sharpen otherwise the “zero” will be off Fine Adjustment Vernier Scale Carbide Scribe Used to scribe precise clean lines parallel to the bottom of a part. May also be used for inspection. Vernier Height Gage

60 Dial reads exactly like dial calipersLayout and inspection tool which includes a carbide scribe that can be precisely located at various heights Carbide Scribe should only be ground on the top side to re-sharpen otherwise the “zero” will be off Dial reads exactly like dial calipers Carbide Scribe Used to scribe precise clean lines parallel to the bottom of a part. May also be used for inspection. Dial Height Gage

61 Used to inspect steps, depths of pockets and slotsMeasuring tool with a long blade and wide base used to measure depths of slots and pockets Bulky blade makes its uses limited, Slender rods included with a depth micrometer have replaced the vernier depth gage Fine Adjustment Vernier Scale Used to inspect steps, depths of pockets and slots Vernier Depth Gage

62 Measuring tool with a long blade and wide base used to measure depths of slots and pocketsBulky blade makes its uses limited, Slender rods included with a depth micrometer have replaced the dial depth gage Dial just like on calipers Used to inspect steps, depths of pockets and slots Dial Depth Gage

63 Very precise, accurate measuring tool used to measure movementVaried discriminations, typically .001” but are available in increments as small as millionths of an inch Interchangeable tips Used to accurately measure size, runout, or irregularities in part surfaces. Also very popular in measuring machine movements Dial Travel Indicator

64 Very precise, accurate measuring tool used to measure movementSlightly less accurate than a travel indicator due to the fact it uses a swinging motion instead of a straight line motion Tip must be approx degrees against the surface being measured Most commonly used in machine and part set up. Also used to accurately measure size, runout, or irregularities in part surfaces. Dial Test Indicator

65 Extremely accurate tool used to measure inside diametersLimited range of motion, typically comes with extensions for larger bores Smooth, spring loaded protrusions used for centering Dial much like a travel indicator Actual measuring rod Used to check diameter, out of round condition, taper, bell mouthing, and any other dimensional irregularities in a bore Dial Bore Gage

66 THE standard in any machine shop! The MOST accurate tool!Precision ground and lapped steel, carbide, or ceramic blocks used to inspect or set-up parts, tools, or machines Rectangular blocks Square Blocks Always clean on sheet of paper before use! Once clean, blocks may be wrung together using a process known as WRINGING Gage Block Set

67 Tools used for very precise measurement of small internal diametersIn set form, each pin is typically .001” larger the one before it. Typically comes in sets Individual Gage Pin Used to inspect small internal diameters. Does not give a specific measurement, but a range. Example: the pin goes in, but the does not, therefore the measurement is somewhere between and .2500 Gage Pins

68 60 degree angles are perpendicular to an opposing sideSet-up tool used for sharpening or setting up threading tools to 60 degrees 60 degree angles are perpendicular to an opposing side Used to set-up a threading tool for threading on a lathe, one side is placed against the part or a straight surface on the lathe while the tip of the threading tool is placed in the 60 degree “V” Center Gage

69 Tool with thin metal pieces having the profile of a given thread pitch or lead.Almost exclusively in set form, are available in both Inch (TPI) and Metric (Lead) Used to determine the TPI or Lead of a given thread, once you find which gage fits ALL threads, you will find on the side of the gage the number indicating the TPI or Lead Pitch Gage

70 A tool with similar items on each end, one at the small end of the tolerance and one at the large end. Many times custom made, but can be purchased and standard “gage pins” inserted Thread Go-no-go Gage Green should GO Red should NO-GO Long end should GO with little or no play Short end should NOT-GO more than one revolution Plug Go-no-go Gage Used to quickly check whether a dimension is within a given range. Used many time in production situations Go-No-Go Gage

71 Very rigid tool used to check that an outside dimension is within a given range.Utilizes a solid block on one side and typically two independently movable flats on the opposite side Once the Snap Gage is set up correctly, the first opening should be at the large end of the tolerance, while the second opening is at the small end of the tolerance, thus making it a Go-No-Go Gage for Outside dimensions. Snap Gage

72 Thin metal tools with numerous Radii, all the same measurementAvailable in pouches that include a range of standard fractional or metric sizes Used to inspect radii on parts, can also be used to check tooling while sharpening, or anytime a radius check is needed. Radius Gage

73 Spring loaded “T” shaped tool used to measure inside dimensionsNon-Direct Reading, must be used with an outside micrometer to get measurement Telescoping rods (1 of 2) Knob used for tightening Used to inspect round, square, or any inside dimension. Telescoping Gage

74 Small Hole Gage Small Hole GageSmall spring loaded internal non-direct reading measuring tool Small knob on end of handle used to adjust “ball end” to proper fit. Small range of measurement, normally less than 1/8” Spherical Radius end available in “full ball” or “half ball” Used to inspect round, square, or almost any inside dimension. Not a direct-reading measuring tool. Small Hole Gage Small Hole Gage

75 Available in either fixed angle or adjustableThin steel gage with long blade used to place the length of the drill and an angled protrusion (59 degree) with increments Available in either fixed angle or adjustable 59 degree angle Used to check that the length and angle of each cutting edge of a drill is equal Drill Gage

76 Available in round or rectangularThin gage with slots to check thickness or sheet metal and holes used to check wire gauge Available in round or rectangular Slots are slid over deburred sheet metal edge to identify thickness of sheet metal. Round wire is slid into round hole to identify wire gauge. Sheet Metal Gage

77 Thin precision ground metal normally in .001” increments.Available in single ended or double ended, straight or bent ends Used to check clearance between two parts. May also be used with a surface plate to check flatness of parts. Thickness Gage

78 Available in either single ended or double endedAny precision ground (normally steel) tool used to check an inside feature. Available in either single ended or double ended Normally used in a go-no-go set up, the plug gage can be used to quickly inspect internal features Plug Gage

79 Any precision ground Threaded tool used to check an internal threadNormally double ended, but can be single ended Short end will NOT Thread into a good thread Long end WILL thread into a good hole Normally used in a go-no-go set up, the thread plug gage can be used to quickly inspect internal threads. Thread Plug Gage

80 Typically Cylindrical, but is also available as a “Taper Ring Gage”Internally precision ground and lapped tool steel or carbide Inspection tool. Typically Cylindrical, but is also available as a “Taper Ring Gage” Used to inspect external parts much like a go-no-go gage. May also be used as a set-up tool for dial bore gages. Ring Gage

81 Internally Treaded precision ground and lapped tool steel inspection tool.Machined slots are used to precisely calibrate pitch diameters, once set, adjustments are locked into place. Adjustment screw. DO NOT MOVE! Used to inspect external threads. May come in sets of two, and used as a go-no-go gage. Thread Ring Gage

82 Very precise gage used to measure features using Air Pressure.Available for both internal (most common) and external features Air supply must me completely clean and free of moisture. Orifice As a precision setting gage is placed over the air gage, the dial is set to “zero”. As parts are checked, if the dimension is small, the pressure will be raised, if the dimension is larger the pressure will drop; thus the dial is calibrated for the difference in pressure change. Pressure Air Gage

83 Very precise gage used to measure features using Air Volume.Available for both internal (most common) and external features Air supply must me completely clean and free of moisture. Orifice A precision setting gage is placed over the air gage, the dial is set to “zero”. As parts are checked, if the dimension is small, the volume of air flowing will be lower, if the dimension is larger the volume will rise; thus the dial is calibrated for the difference in volume change. Volume Air Gage

84 Metrology tool used to project a magnified silhouette onto a screenNewer models are capable of projecting surface features on the screen. Some models can even have edge detection capabilities. As the powerful light passes by the part, the shadow is focused through a magnifying glass, reflected on a mirror, and projected on the screen, typically a digital readout is then used to measure features. Optical Comparator

85 Coordinate Measuring MachineVery precise, versatile which uses a ruby tip to measure internal and external features Electronic Touch Probe More commonly called a CMM Granite Surface Plate Although the touch probes can be moved by hand, most newer models are programmable. Once the part is place on the plate, the program is started and the required measurements are taken. Coordinate Measuring Machine

86 Perfectly flat piece of Quartz which uses light waves to measure the flatness of a part’s surface.An even distribution of light and dark stripes means the surface is flat Monochromatic Light Light Wave Pattern Optical Flat An Optical Flat is placed on a surface and placed under a Monochromatic light, the stripes that show on the surface are then used to determine the flatness of that surface. Optical Flats

87 Surface Finish ComparatorA tool with various surface finishes used for comparison Available in a variety of styles, but typically have surface finishes for lathe, mill, and grinding finishes For comparison only, the tool is placed next to the part being machined and the surface finish can be estimated. Surface Finish Comparator

88 Digital tool for accurately checking surface finish.Needle on end of Profilometer works much like a needle is used to play a record (you know, those big black round things that have music hidden in the grooves!) Calibration gage Profilometer Needle Measures the “peaks” and “valleys” of the surface and averages out those measurements to give you the reading. Profilometer

89 Tap Handle Handle for taps and hand reamersMuch more control than a “T-Handle” As one handle is turned, the “V’s” close and can tighten on the square of a tap or hand reamer to positively drive the cutting tool Tap Handle

90 “T” Handle Handle for taps and hand reamersFits in tighter locations than Tap Handles As the knurled end is turned, the “V’s” close and can tighten on the square of a tap or hand reamer to positively drive the cutting tool. Some even come with a ratchet mechanism for rapid cleaning of threads. “T” Handle

91 Die Stock Handle for Threading DiesAvailable in various sizes for many different diameters of threading dies Set screws in side of Die Stock are used to hold the die Die Stock

92 Precision adjustable gage used to set-up and inspect steps or heightsOriginally used to set up a wood planer, the height of the “planer gage” was set, then placed in the planer and the cutter brought slowly into contact Extension Level Used mostly in conjunction with a test indicator and gage blocks, the planer/shaper gage is used to measure or set up steps. Planer/Shaper Gage

93 Automatic Center PunchCenter punch that does not need a hammer Available in small and large sizes to accommodate various part sizes The tip of the center punch is placed in the proper location and the handle is pressed into the part and suddenly a “snap” occurs and the center punch “jumps” into the material Automatic Center Punch

94 Hand file used to clean up existing but damaged threadsAvailable with plastic sleeve to place over the end not being used to protect the hand. Each end has 4 choices of thread pitches, the proper TPI or Lead must me chosen to match the thread being restored. Thread File

95 Case hardened steel with cutting edges on one or more sizes, used by hand to remove materialAvailable in almost any shape, the file is the most basic and important material removal tool Must always be used with a handle! Must only have pressure applied on the forward stroke! File

96 Short wire brush with curved bristles pointing towards the handleAvailable with just the wire side or also with at soft brush also used to clean files Designed to clean chips out of the cutting edges of a file, but also very handy in cleaning our knurling tools, or anything else with small teeth File Card

97 Strong frame with handle used to hold a metal cutting bladeNow available in many different styles, but still just basically a blade holder Blade Blade can be place in normal position (parallel with the frame) and also rotated 90 degrees. Teeth should point away from the handle, therefore pressure should only be applied on the forward stroke Hacksaw

98 Edge Finder Most basic part locating tool used on a milling machineRecommended RPM’s – 800rpm – 1200rpm Center Finder Edge Finder End When the Edge Finder is spun at rpms, it is brought up to the edge of a part. The “wiggle” in the end goes away when it is close to the part, then when the end suddenly tries to run away, that is your location. DON’T FORGET: the edge is still half the diameter away from the edge! (typically .100”) Edge Finder

99 Hex Key Wrench Six sided bar typically bent 90 degreesAlso available with “T-Handles” Used to loosen or tighten any screw with a Socket Head. Hex Key Wrench

100 Hardened and tempered punches with letters formed in the endAvailable virtually any height of letter Once the Letter Stamp is positioned, it is struck with a hammer. Typically there is a groove in the side, which should be towards you so that the letters are the right side up. Letter Stamps

101 Hardened and tempered punches with numbers formed in the endAvailable virtually any height of letter Once the Number Stamp is positioned, it is struck with a hammer. Typically there is a groove in the side, which should be towards you so that the Numbers are the right side up. Number Stamps

102 Much like a standard steel rule, but are made to compensate for shrink rates of various materialsAvailable in sets since the shrink rates of materials such as aluminum, brass, and iron are different. Used if you are making molds, if the print requires a 1” cube, the mold would be made using the shrink scale. Since the shrink rule’s 1” is actually bigger than one inch, the mold would automatically be compensated for shrinkage. Shrink Scale

103 Also known as a height micrometerEach step made up of gage block-like pieces of tool steel or carbide are moved vertically by a large accurate micrometer head. Micrometer Head Gage Block like steps Used in conjunction with a surface gage and test indicator, the Precision Height Gage is used to inspect or set-up parts with gage block accuracy. Precision Height Gage

104 Perfectly round, cylindrical, and straight bar with centers in each endTypically made by the machinist, but are available from a few manufacturers. Used to verify a tailstock is centered on a lathe, can also be used to set-up fixtures in milling machines or other tools. True Bar

105 Available in horizontal, vertical or tilting modelsMachine attachment typically used on a milling machine to index a part or mill radii. Available in horizontal, vertical or tilting models Lock (1 of 2) Crank Used to mill partial radii on milling machines or to index part for such things as gear teeth or bolt hole patterns Rotary Table

106 NOT ALWAYS A CRESCENT Wrench, Crescent is a name brand!Available in many sizes, the size is the overall length of the adjustable wrench. Should only be used in this direction Movable Jaw Thumb Adjustment Should only be used for light work, Adjustable Wrenches should never be used for high torque applications Adjustable Wrench

107 Slip Joint Pliers The most common type of pliers“Slip Joint” can be adjusted for larger parts Cutters for small wire Flat Jaw for small or flat work Slip Joint Serrated jaw for round parts Slip Joint Pliers

108 Heavy duty adjustable wrench used primarily on round work piecesAvailable traditionally in steel or cast iron, but now also in aluminum (with steel jaws) Can only be used in this direction After jaws are adjusted to the size of the part, when pressure is applied the force of the torque also forces the jaws into the workpiece thus giving you added grip. BEWARE: Workpiece will be damaged by the jaws! Pipe Wrench

109 Needle Nose Pliers Pliers with thin “Needle-Like” JawsAvailable in many diameters and lengths of jaws. Thin “Needle” Jaws Cutters Used when you need to reach into tight areas. Also useful in bending small gauge wire. Needle Nose Pliers

110 Duck Bill Pliers Available in many lengths of jawsPliers with Flat thin jaws Used to reach into tight areas. Also useful in bending thin flat stock and small gauge wire. Duck Bill Pliers

111 The most basic precision measuring tool, typical discrimination -The most basic precision measuring tool, typical discrimination ” or .001mm Available with either a ratchet stop or friction thimble for consistent measurement Lock Lever Lock Nut Used to inspect round, square, or any outside dimension. Both the Anvil and Spindle are flat and typically carbide faced Template