1 Temple Mount JerusalemDome of the Rock Temple Mount Jerusalem

2 Spread of Islam

3 Early Problems Who would lead?A permanent split in the Islamic community Sunnis – Respected community leader Shia (Shi’ite) – Family Member must lead

4 Caliph Abu Bakr Sunni Continued raids on Byzantine and Persian territory Killed any dissident elements or tribes Disposed any “new prophets”

5 Caliph Ali Shia - Shi’iteOrganize separate party called “Shia”

6 Reasons for success Exhaustion of Byzantium and PersiaEnd of a 400 year war Speed and Size of Muslim armies Acceptance of “People of the Book”

7 Reasons for success exhaustion of Rome and PersiaEnd of a 400 year war speed and size of Muslim armies acceptance of the Old and New Testament “People of the Book” Apostasy (Backsliders = treason = death)

8 Umayyad Ali assassinated in 661 A.D.

9 Umayyad Ali assassinated in 661 A.D. Created a War Machine

10 Atlantic Ocean to India Damascus, Syria: center of the Islamic WorldUmayyad empire Atlantic Ocean to India Damascus, Syria: center of the Islamic World

11 The Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258 CE)Defeats Umayyad army in 750 Invited Umayyad to banquet, massacred them

12 “The Golden Age of Islam High Point of Islamic EmpiresThe Abbasid Dynasty ( CE) “The Golden Age of Islam High Point of Islamic Empires

13 “The Golden Age of Islam High Point of Islamic EmpiresThe Abbasid Dynasty ( CE) “The Golden Age of Islam High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth

14 High Point of Islamic EmpiresThe Abbasid Dynasty ( CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth Arabic Numerals

15 High Point of Islamic EmpiresThe Abbasid Dynasty ( CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth Arabic Numerals Ships of the Desert

16 High Point of Islamic EmpiresThe Abbasid Dynasty ( CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth Arabic Numerals Ships of the Desert Banking Practices (Sakk – Check)

17 High Point of Islamic EmpiresThe Abbasid Dynasty ( CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth Arabic Numerals Ships of the Desert Banking Practices (Sakk – Check) Literature: The Thousand and One Nights Aladdin

18 Consequences of ExpansionChristendom loses oldest lands Jerusalem and Constantinople Collapse of Zoroastrianism as a major Persian religion

19 West Africa Gold and Salt Trade 600 – 1600: 8 tons of gold exported annually

20 Ghana: present day MaliFertile V-Valley of Niger River and Senegal River Arab writers: “the land of gold”

21 Influence of Islam Umayyad Military Empire

22 Influence of Islam Ummayyad Military EmpireIslamic Merchants (traders) brought their faith Muslims employed Written language Coinage Business methods

23 Mansa Musa Kingdom of MaliConverted to Islam Expanded the borders west ward to Atlantic Ocean Did not impose Islam on his people Justice system based on Quran

24 Mansa Musa Five Pillars of Islam: HajjForged new diplomatic and economic ties to Arab states Brought back scholars Architects Teachers to promote Islamic education in Mali Islamic university In Timbuktu

25 90% of Islamic world today is Sunni Most of Iran is Shiite

26 Umayyad Abbasid Mali Dates Center of Government AccomplishmentsAssignment: Create a Graphic Organizer for each of the following Muslim Expansion and Empires Umayyad Abbasid Mali Mansa Musa Dates Center of Government Accomplishments Find at least one accomplishment from outside research that is NOT in your book