1 The Assessment of Water Utility's Efficiency in Libya ) Case Study (Engineer Mahmoud F. Doro General Company for Water and Waste Water

2 Abstract Libya is located in North Africa, covering an area of 1,759,540 km2. The population is about 6.70 million (July 2012) The population growth rate is 2.0%. Available water resources in Libya is limited. Libya is effected by climate change and is now one of the driest countries in the world.

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4 Introduction The General Company of Water and Waste water (GCWWW) is responsible for maintenance and operations of the water and wastewater in urban areas and rural settlements. There are many challenges affecting the efficiency of the GCWWW. The subject case study will focus on the water & wastewater sector in Libya and provide an overview of the present situation, as well as an assessment of technical and commercial sector of GCWWW. The study will additionally highlight the main challenges facing GCWWW and make recommendation for development and action steps.

5 OVERVIEW OF NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES

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7 Great Man-Made River Project

8 Great Man-Made River (GMMRA(

9 Institutional Frame workAuthority of Water Resources General Water Authority )GWA) General Company for Water and Waste water (GCWWW) General Company fore desalination (GCD( Great Man made River Project (GMMRA(

10 Assessment of GCWWW ActivitiesThe Assessment will cover the following:- Organization of the General company for water and waste water (GCWWW( Infrastructure Managed by GCWWW The Financial Sector

11 Organization of GCWWW The company covers all Libyan regionsOrganized with… (7) general departments (8) Regional directions (39) Service offices (153) Services centers. Total employees estimated to

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13 GCWWW SCOPE OF WORK Operate and maintain water supply and sewerage infrastructure Control the quality of supplied water and waste water disposal. Carry out connections and studies to enhance services. Purchase raw and bulk water. Collect charges to cover the operations costs - according to tariffs validated by the Prime Minister.

14 Water supply infrastructure Managed by GCWWWWells in operation: Water treatment plants: 16 Ground tanks: Elevated tanks: 888 Pumping stations: 569 Length of water networks: 15987km

15 Balance Between Resources and Demand

16 Non-revenue water

17 Elevated water tank for regulating Pressure before GMMRA

18 After GMMRA Low pressure customers have installed booster pumps

19 Old DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

20 50 YEARS OLD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

21 Challenges effect to Water infrastructures Managed by GCWWWThe condition of the distribution system is very old some pipes having been installed more than 50 years ago. The projects of water pipe lines installation which are still in planning or construction phase and delay in water distribution to all parts of cities. The pressure of the water is not controlled which effects the flow of the water. Pressure is low in many parts of the city. There is no planning for water demand management and distribution. The technical losses are high.

22 WSS infrastructures Managed by GCWWWLength of sewerage networks: km Connection rate of householders: % Total Number of Pumping Stations: Considered in good state: 29 Considered as functional Not working Total Number of WWTPs: 24 WWTPs considered working: 10 Capacity of working WWTPs: 105,000m3/day Volume Collected in 2016: ,000 m3/day Volume treated in 2016: 105,000 m3/days (%) of water distributed treated: 7% 

23 Waste water Treatment plant

24 Maintenance of sewerage Pipe line 1000mm diameter at university street of Tripoli

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26 Challenges to WSS Infrastructure Managed by GCWWWMany existing WWTPs are plagued with technical problems. Difficulties of completion and synchronization of different waste water system components (Collection, treatment, disposal/ reuse(. Only 7% of water distributed is treated. Connection rate of households: 40%  Treated sewage effluent is not yet widely utilized as a water resource in Libya - a significant proportion of the treated effluent continues to be discharged in to the sea.

27 Financial Sector

28 Direct income from commercial activity

29 Estimated budget for 2015 and Expenses for 2014

30 Challenges effect to financial sector of GCWWWLow Tariffs Direct income related to tariff is insufficient to balance the operation costs. Cumulative debt to date reached up to 450M LYD Cumulative income shortage approximately 596M LYD Illegal connections, no meters (stolen or broken). Due to political change (revolution) the GCWWW does not control the customers, and the rate of direct income breakdown to 8% in 2016. No effective customer information & billing system software. Without State support GCWWW could not continue.

31 Conclusion & AssessmentGCWWW is Government Company GCWWW does not control its clients Distribution is poorly operated The sewerage system is dysfunctional

32 Summary of Challenges effect to Efficiency of GCWWWExpensive infrastructure but poor operation and maintenance No effective tariff policies Many facilities are in bad shape Large waste of clean water (both misuses and losses)

33 GCWWW is Government CompanyLow tariffs established by Government in The actual number of employees three times higher than the standards estimated at

34 LOW Tariff Low Tariff -More investment in WSS.-Losses National water Resources Large waste of water Low direct income Customer complain )bill not paid( Low budget facilities are in poor condition Poor operation and maintenance Bad Service

35 High Number of employeesThe number of employees is high Low qualification and skills Low training budget high salary budget Low operation and maintenance budget Poor operation and maintenance

36 GCWWW does not control its clientsGCWWW does not have a clear picture of number of the existing connections. There is no effective customer information & billing software. Meters exist but are not managed. Many meters stolen or broken No budget for new meters GCWWW produces and purchases around 300 lcd which is high for dry countries. Illegal connections are high The variation of water distribution between cities and rural areas is too high. High non-revenue water rates over 35%.

37 Distribution is poorly operatedThere is no hydraulic sector, the pressure is only controlled at the inlet of bulk water supplied by GMMRA. Pressure is too low in many parts of city causing customers to install boosters on their own connection. The distribution system consists of old pipelines, which have leakage and can not operate under high pressures.

38 The sewerage system are unmanageableSkilled human resources allocated to GCWWW to adequately operate and maintain the infrastructures are limited. Many facilities have been implemented without any master planning.

39 Recommendations for an Action PlanInstitutional development Reorganization of the commercial service Improvement of the distribution system Master plan for sewerage and waste water treatment Human resources development

40 Recommendation 1: Institutional developmentby Company Management By Government Reduction of the costs Decentralization trends Significant Reduction in Personnel Tariff revision Increase Direct income Merging of the production and distribution activities Technical visits to other countries

41 Recommendation 2: Reorganization of the commercial sectorA. Water demand study In our opinion, to plan the development of the water sector based on apparent consumption per capital over 300lcd is inappropriate. Water is scare. It results in large part from fossil non-renewable resources. production costs are high but prices to the population are too low. The demand study is preliminary step towards the definition of new tariff grid aligned with social, environmental and market national /local conditions. Important portion of produced volumes are wasted in losses along the distribution system, and this is a critical issue to be tackled by GCWWW. But another relevant part is wasted through misuses beyond the connection, linked to wrong behaviors of GCWWW 's clients

42 Implementation of modern customer information & billing software and up dating the customer database. C. Metering Management A specific study is recommended as a first step to propose a global reorganization of the metering process, with specific attention to : The model of standard connection The type and class of meters to be used. The introduction of RF technologies to ease the metering process. The eventual use of alternative options, such as pre-payment, for specific categories of customers or areas. The management of the meters (procurement, stocks, bench and procedures for repairs, ..etc. Specific metering policies for the large customers.

43 D. Organization and procedures of the commercial serviceBesides the implementation of new tools, a general reorganization of the commercial activities is to be under taken, including: Organizational chart Procedures at every step of the commercial process HR management and training program to develop appropriate skills.

44 Recommendation 3: Improvement of the distribution systemThe study must start with the hydraulic modeling of the distribution network. It will be the opportunity to review hydraulic assumptions, according to the preliminary results of the commercial study. Articulation of distribution scheme study Mission A: Diagnostic of the existing situation Mission B: Review of the network design. Mission C: SCADA design Mission D: Operation and maintenance Mission E : Investment program

45 Recommendation 4: Master plan of sewerage and waste water treatmentThe general objectives of the master plans is to: Have a global vision of the infrastructure necessary to perform a quality collective sanitation service through 2030. Establish the infrastructure to be constructed to respond to the rainwater drainage constraints Identify the financial requirements to allow the progressive implementation of the necessary facilities, looking for an overall coverage of the service over 95% at the end of period. Identify the operational means to be established in order to improve services and operate and maintain the facilities. Establish key indicators and targets to be reached for environmental protection. Propose tariffs in order to cover at least the operational costs of the service.

46 Recommendation 5: Human resources developmentTraining for field staff High Management Training Technical visits to other countries

47 Action Plan

48 Preparation ApplicationActions 2016 2017 2018 A. Institutional Development A1 Technical tours to other countries A2 . Assessment to general Management B. Reorganization of the commercial service B1. Water demand study B2. Information & billing system B3. New customer database with GIS B4. Metering management B5. Organization and Procedures C. Improvement of the water distribution C1. Tripoli C2. Benghazi C3. Other cities D. Master plans of sewerage and water D1. Tripoli D2. Benghazi E. Human resources development E1. high Management Training E2. Training program for field staff

49 Thank you