1 The Seven Periods of Western Music HistoryInspired by James Koperski
2 Before you begin the journey….Anytime you see the following icon, click on it to open video clips of characteristic pieces from each time period.
3 We present for your viewing pleasure the Seven Periods of Western Music History:Medieval (600 AD AD) Renaissance (1450 AD AD) Baroque (1600 AD AD) Classical (1750 AD AD) Romantic (1820 AD AD) Impressionistic (1890 AD AD) Modern (1910 AD - Present)
4 The first stop on the music history timeline is the Medieval Period (600 AD -1450 AD)
5 Historic events during the Medieval Period :The Crusades ( ) Notre Dame Cathedral is built (1163 – 1345) Signing of the Magna Carta (1215) Hundred Years War (1337 – 1453) Black Death ravages Europe ( ) Joan of Arc is burned at the stake (1431)
6 Monophonic Music “Sacred Music” (music performed in church)Gregorian Chant (sung by monks) Everyone singing one melody without harmony (aka Monophony) Utilizes “modes” - ancestors of the current major and minor scales The text was religious in nature and sung in Latin
7 Secular Music Secular means “non-religious music”Music that you would dance to or hear in the court of a king Standard musical instruments and notation (as we know them) didn’t exist during this period Secular music was passed down through the oral tradition, from generation to generation.
8 The second stop on the music history timeline is the Renaissance (1450 AD - 1600 AD)
9 Renaissance translates to “Rebirth”Renaissance translates to “Rebirth”. As the bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern age, the Renaissance is regarded as a Golden Age for the arts. Influential figures of the time included Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Galileo Galilei. These people were regarded as “Renaissance men” for their expertise in a wide number of subjects.
10 Historic events during the Renaissance :Guttenberg Bible, the first book printed in the West with movable metal type (1454) St. Peter’s Basilica is built (1506 – 1615) Copernicus develops the heliocentric (sun centered) planetary model (1508) Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel ( ) Martin Luther sparks the Protestant Reformation (1517)
11 The monophonic music that characterized the Medieval Period evolved during the Renaissance into more complex lines that intertwine and weave melody and harmony in a style that we call HOMOPHONY.
12 Our third stop on the music history timeline is theBaroque Period (1600 AD AD)
13 Baroque translates to “Flawed Pearl”Baroque translates to “Flawed Pearl”. Baroque style is characterized by grandeur, drama, sensuous richness, movement and tension. The music of the era became complex with multiple melodies happening simultaneously. This style is called Polyphony.
14 Historic events during the Baroque Period :The last Tudor monarch, Queen Elizabeth I dies (1603) Pilgrims sailing the Mayflower land on Plymouth Rock (1620) Thirty Years War decimates Germany ( ) The Taj Mahal is built in Agra, India (1632 – 1653) Isaac Newton publishes Principia Mathematica, contains Newton’s Three Laws of Motion (1687) Salem Witch Trials (1692)
15 Johann Sebastian Bach 1685 – 1750Worked for many years as an organist and composer for the Protestant Church Sired 20 children Credited with composing a staggering pieces
16 The fourth stop on the music history timeline is theClassical Period (1750 AD AD)
17 The artists, architects and composers of the Classical Period embraced “Neoclassicism”. They drew inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. The modern Symphony Orchestra was established during this period. Composers such as Franz Joseph Haydn fully embraced this new medium. Haydn composed 52 piano sonatas, 126 string trios, 83 string quartets and106 symphonies over his lifetime (nearly 1,000 works in total).
18 Historic events during the Classical Period :American Revolution (1775 – 1783) French Revolution ( ) George Washington elected as first US President (1789) Alessandro Volta invents the battery (1800) Napoleon Crowned Emperor (1804) War of 1812 ( ) Battle of Waterloo, Napoleon is defeated and then exiled (1815)
19 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart1756 – 1791 Widely considered one of the most prolific composers of all time Began composing at the age of 6 Composed over 626 works, including: 50 symphonies 22 operas 15 masses 27 concert arias 25 piano concertos 12 violin concertos 17 piano sonatas 26 string quartets
20 The fifth stop on the music history timeline is theRomantic Period (1820 AD AD)
21 The characteristic style of the Romantic Period was “Sturm und Drang”, which translates to “Storm and Stress”. This style emphasized nature, individualism, and extreme emotions. Music of the era was characterized by chromaticism and the unexpected. Composers of the Romantic Period threw away the musical conventions of the past to capture drama, suspense, surprise and profound emotion through their music.
22 Historic events during the Romantic Period :Michael Faraday invents the electric motor (1821) Queen Victoria ascends to the throne of England (1837) Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species (1859) American Civil War (1861 – 1865) Assassination of Abraham Lincoln (1865) Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone (1876) Thomas Edison invents the first commercial incandescent light bulb (1879) Eiffel Tower is constructed (1889)
23 Ludwig von Beethoven 1770 – 1827 His early music began during the Classical Period and his later works helped shape the style of the Romantic Period Completely lost his hearing over the course of his life 138 credited works including 9 symphonies The opening of Beethoven’s 5th Symphony is the most recognizable melody in history of Western Music
24 Impressionistic PeriodOur sixth stop on the music timeline is the Impressionistic Period (1890 AD AD)
25 The artists and composers of the Impressionistic Period sought to capture feelings and experiences through their works. Seminal artists of the period (such as Vincent van Gogh and Claude Debussy) explored new brush techniques, scales and instrumentations to achieve the ethereal quality of their work.
26 Historic events during the Impressionistic Period :Wilhelm Roentgen discovers X-rays (1895) First modern Olympic Games takes place in Athens (1896) US President William McKinley is assassinated (1901) Ford’s Model T is first produced (1908)
27 Claude Debussy 1862 – 1918 One of the most influential composers of the Impressionistic Period Composed over 141 works, including: 35 songs 14 orchestral works 4 ballets 38 works for piano His most famous work is Clair de Lune (French for Moonlight)
28 Our last stop on the music history timeline is theModern Period (1910 AD - Present)
29 Artists of the Modern Period strove to be experimental and innovative in their works. Movements within the period such as expressionism, minimalism and atonality ripped away conventional approaches and challenged the very definition of “art”.
30 Historic events during the Modern Period :World War I ( ) First radio broadcast (1920) World War II (1939 – 1945) Korean War ( ) James Watson and Francis Crick discover the double helix structure of DNA (1953) Vietnam War (1959 – 1975) John F Kennedy is assassinated (1963) Astronauts first walk on the moon (1969) The Berlin Wall is torn down (1989)
31 Leonard Bernstein 1918 – 1990 Prominent 20th century American composer, conductor and pianist His compositions ranged from classical works (symphonies and operas) to pop music (Film scores and Broadway musicals) Best known for composing the music for West Side Story
32 Thank you for joining us on this journey through the History of Western MusicMedieval Renaissance Baroque Classical Romantic Impressionist Modern
33 Image Sources MDg3MTgy.jpg https://media2.wnyc.org/i/620/372/l/80/1/Joan_of_Arc_620.jpg https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-BL9- ge98JWc/TX11Uz16E0I/AAAAAAAAAcw/z35HAhIKlvI/s1600/Medieval+Manuscript1.jpg horizontal-gallery.jpg
34 Shipwrec-vernet.jpg _Un_dimanche_apr%C3%A8s-midi_%C3%A0_l'%C3%8Ele_de_la_Grande_Jatte.jpg _Woman_with_a_Parasol_-_Madame_Monet_and_Her_Son_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/170px- Claude_Monet_-_Woman_with_a_Parasol_-_Madame_Monet_and_Her_Son_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg https://c1.staticflickr.com/7/6090/ _fde86a1df4_z.jpg