1 This image is a visualization of the Earth with lines of latitude and longitude shown. How are lines of latitude and longitude drawn on a globe of Earth? Latitude lines are parallel and longitude lines meet at the poles Latitude lines are parallel and longitude lines meet at the equator Longitude lines are parallel and latitude lines meet at the poles Longitude lines are parallel and latitude lines meet at the equator None of the above are correct

2 On the left side of this satellite image the Indian subcontinent can be seen. In which general direction is this image oriented? North South East West Up

3 In geography, big numbers are often usedIn geography, big numbers are often used. How many millions are there in a billion? 10 100 1000 10000 100000

4 The figure shows a series of 3 maps of Lancaster, EnglandThe figure shows a series of 3 maps of Lancaster, England. Which of the maps is of the largest scale? The map labeled “Level 1” The map labeled “Level 2” The map labeled “Level 3” They are all the same scale They are of different scales, but it is impossible to tell which scale is larger or smaller

5 An airplane takes off from a location at 17°S latitude and flies to a new location 55° due north of its starting point. What latitude has the plane reached? 28°N 38°N 55°N 72°N 38°S

6 Base your answer to this question on the topographic map shown hereBase your answer to this question on the topographic map shown here. Points X, Y, and Z are locations on the map. Elevations are expressed in meters. What is the elevation of point Z? 190 m 220 m 240 m 250 m None of the above

7 On the left side of this satellite image part of the continent of Africa can be seen. A section of desert can be seen there. What is the name of this desert? Sahara Desert Gobi Desert Kalahari Desert Mohave Desert Atacama Desert

8 Which of the following indexes was developed by the United Nations in order to determine the ‘quality of life’ of people in a particular area? Gini Index Human Development Index Gross National Happiness Index Gross Domestic Product Index All of the above

9 Which two continents can be seen in this satellite image?Africa & South America Asia & Europe North America & Europe North America & Africa None of the above are correct

10 According to this map, which region in the United States was warmer than average during November and December 2008? Northeast North / Great Lakes Southwest None of the above were warmer during November to December 2008 All of the above were warmer during November to December 2008

11 The image in this aerial photograph is most likely……a school …an airport …a ferry terminal …private housing …a hospital

12 At which grid reference can the lake be found on the map shown here?

13 What does this dot map of China most likely show?The location of mosques in the country Population density Areas of food production Areas with high annual rainfall The distribution of earthquakes in the country

14 The figure shows the population pyramids for developed and developing countries in the year Using the population pyramids, which of the following statements is true? On average, men live longer than women The ratio of young to old is greater in developed countries than in developing countries There is a higher birth rate in developing countries than in developed countries There is a greater death rate amongst year olds in developed countries than in developing countries None of these statements are true

15 According to the wind rose shown here for the city of Seattle, Washington, which of the following statements is true? Most of the wind is blowing from the North to the South Most of the wind is blowing from the South to the North No wind blows from the East Wind speed in Seattle never reaches 17 knots None of these statements are true

16 Which of the following statements is true about Earth’s radiation balance?Solar radiation is short wave radiation Terrestrial radiation is long wave radiation Not all of the energy from the sun reaches the surface of the Earth Not all of the energy radiating out from the Earth goes back into space All of the above statements are true

17 Which of the following statements is true about soils?Soils consist entirely of minerals Soils are always more nutrient where there is more rainfall Organic matter is a component of soils Soils are the same throughout the world All of the above statements are true

18 Which of the climatic conditions below allows for the growth of rainforests?Polar Humid temperate Humid tropical Dry None of the above

19 Which of the following is NOT a part of the hydrological cycle?Evaporation Precipitation Condensation Radiation Infiltration

20 This image shows the Mississippi River Drainage BasinThis image shows the Mississippi River Drainage Basin. Neighboring drainage basins are separated from each other by… …a river …a ridge …a fault …a sea …a dam

21 Which of the following river features can NOT be seen in this photo?The river channel A meander An oxbow lake A tributary A point bar

22 The greatest percentage of fresh water on Earth is found in……polar ice …groundwater …rivers …lakes …the atmosphere

23 A chart that compares the discharge of a river with the amount of rainfall over time is called……a rose diagram …a Lorenz curve …a chi-squared chart …a barometer …a hydrograph

24 Which of the following countries would see increased rainfall during an ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) event? Indonesia Philippines China Peru Australia

25 Ocean ridges form where……tectonic plates converge …tectonic plates diverge …tectonic plates stay stationary …the ocean floor is deepest …the ocean floor is shallowest

26 An earthquake that occurs at a plate boundary on the ocean floor can cause……a tsunami …a storm surge …a volcano to form …an island arc to form All of the above

27 A river of ice and a powerful erosive force on our planet is called……a glacier …an ice cap …a crevasse …a gorge …an iceberg

28 Deserts can be found at approximately 25 degrees north and south of the equator because……of geographic luck; it’s a random occurrence …a continental low pressure belt is found here …these latitudes get the least amount of rain …the sun is hottest at these latitudes …a subtropical high pressure belt is found here

29 Which of the following processes is most dominant in the formation of the desert arch shown in this image? Water erosion Wind erosion Chemical weathering Acid rain Freeze-thaw weathering

30 Where do the majority of earthquakes occur?Near the equator Near the poles Near the boundaries of tectonic plates On large land masses Near the world’s megacities

31 The series of images shows an increase in average night time temperature in the area near Phoenix, Arizona from 1994 to Which of the following is most likely the cause? Global warming ‘Urban Heat Island’ effect El Nino Southern Oscillation Desertification Tectonics

32 The images show two mass wasting events in the same location in different years. Which of the following makes a mass wasting event more likely? Very hot summer temperatures Extremely forested slopes Increased amounts of carbon in the atmosphere Heavy rainfall None of the above are correct

33 In which of the following countries might a sustainable eco-tourism operation be possible which involves whitewater rafting while making a contribution to rice farmers? Saudi Arabia Estonia Philippines Canada Namibia

34 Which of the following contributes to water scarcity in a country?A lack of rainfall Increased water abstraction (removal) Water pollution None of the above contribute to water scarcity All of the above contribute to water scarcity

35 Petroleum is most frequently found in……non-porous igneous rock ….porous metamorphic rock …non-porous sedimentary rock …porous sedimentary rock …porous igneous rock

36 Which of the following is an example of a renewable source of energy?Coal Oil Natural gas Nuclear power Geothermal power

37 What factor of the physical environment is most likely to lead people in the Sahel (see image) to immigrate? Tsunamis Drought Earthquakes Volcanoes Flash floods

38 Why are rivers not the best physical features to choose as a border between two countries?Bridges are difficult and expensive to build Rivers change their course (meander) over time Not all countries have rivers Rivers are only found in the mountains Some rivers are very wide

39 The Earth is titled on its axis as shown in the imageThe Earth is titled on its axis as shown in the image. Given this fact, which of the following statements is true? At certain times of the year there are 24 hours of daylight at the equator South facing slopes receive more solar radiation than north facing slopes in the Northern Hemisphere The Tropic of Capricorn is the midpoint between the Equator and the South Pole All of the above are true None of the above are true

40 Which of the regions below has the most biodiversity and therefore the most bacteria and disease?Equatorial regions Sub-polar regions Mid-latitude regions Polar regions All of the above regions are the same

41 How does a sand spit form (see image)?This only happens during a neap tide The only happens during a spring tide Longshore drift and deposition Wave refraction Undercutting of a wave-cut platform

42 Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, and Potassium are needed for crop growthCalcium, Magnesium, Sodium, and Potassium are needed for crop growth. They are all examples of… …rocks …natural elements …minerals …soils …nutrients

43 Which of the following may explain the lowering of the water table from figure A to figure B in the diagram shown here? Heavy rainfall Water extraction by human beings A drought Both A and B above are correct Both B and C above are correct

44 Which of the following is a part of the rock cycle?Mountain uplift Erosion Metamorphism Melting & Intrusion All of the above are part of the rock cycle

45 A person who is personally responsible for high amounts of fossil fuel consumption due to their lifestyle is said to have a large… …ecological footprint …ecological handprint …sustainable footprint …sustainable handprint …sustainable development

46 The chart shows possible projections for the total world population in the future. Which of the following trends likely leads to a DECREASE in the growth of the world’s population? An increase in contraceptive use More family planning in developing countries Economic growth An increase in the frequency of major global epidemics All of the above are correct

47 The dependent population of a country is defined as those under 15 or over 65 years of age. Which of the following countries currently has the largest dependent population as a percentage of the working population? Uganda Singapore Japan Italy Argentina

48 Which of the following is an example of gender inequality in culture?The fact that women live longer than men The fact that there is a large difference in the number of boys and girls born in China under the ‘One Child Policy’ The fact that some families in African countries are larger than those in East Asian countries All of the above are examples of gender inequality None of the above are examples of gender inequality

49 This map shows the distribution of inequality across the globe as determined by the Gini Coefficient. Countries with a high Gini Coefficient have bigger disparities in wealth than those with a low Gini Coefficient. Use the map to determine which of the following statements is true. On average, South American countries have small gaps between rich and poor people Scandinavian countries have large disparities in wealth Russia has one of the largest disparities in wealth of any country in the world China has greater disparities in wealth than most of its bordering countries None of the above statements are true

50 Which of the following businesses is most likely to be considered ‘informal employment’?Street vending/Hawking Standard Chartered Bank Nike outlet store An organized food court New York City Private High School

51 The icons shown here indicate the 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) set out by the United Nations. Which of the following is true about the Millennium Development Goals? The Millennium Development Goals were established in the year 2000 and they are to be achieved by the year 2050 The Millennium Development Goals require the cooperation of only the rich countries The Millennium Development Goals require the cooperation of only the poor countries Some countries are on track to achieve these goals and others may not reach any of them The United States does not agree with the Millennium Development Goals

52 Remittances are… …job cuts due to the outsourcing of labor.…residential areas within or just outside the boundaries of a city. …transfers of money/goods by foreign workers to their home countries. …organizations in the private sector that negotiate matters of public concern. …firms that own or control productive operations in more than one country through foreign direct investment.

53 The concept of improving the quality of our current lives while at the same time preserving the planet for future generations is most commonly known as sustainable… …perfection …improvement …development …enhancement …progress

54 The Green Revolution refers to……the environmental policies of Greenpeace …hybrid crops introduced to promote agricultural development …a fundamental Islamic political movement …efforts to provide parks and open space around industrial cities …the development of garden cities

55 Which of the following is a disease of affluence rather than a disease of poverty?Malaria Cholera Obesity Dengue Fever None of the above are diseases of affluence

56 Which of the following organizations uses this as their logo?United Nations World Food Program World Trade Organization Greenpeace European Union

57 Which country has the highest child mortality rate?Pakistan Thailand South Korea United Kingdom These countries all have the same child mortality rate

58 Urbanization has taken place in Shenzhen, China primarily because……the Chinese government made this area of China a Special Economic Zone which attracts businesses …the majority of people from Hong Kong have migrated there …it is too cold in Northern China …the Chinese government has made Shenzhen a garden city …it is the capital city of China where the most jobs are located

59 Which of the following cities is known for its large, hillside slums, known locally as ‘favelas’?Mumbia, India Johannesburg, South Africa Chicago, USA Lisbon, Portugal Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

60 Given the territorial shapes and their respective classifications, how would you classify the country of Indonesia ? Prorupt Compact Elongated Fragmented Perforated

61 What is the primary purpose of this map?To show the cultural diversity in the former country of Yugoslavia To show the total population of the former Yugoslavia To show the former Yugoslavia’s position within Europe To show the military strength of the Former Yugoslavia To show countries that bordered the former Yugoslavia

62 Which of the following refers to the study of the relationship between the physical environment and culture? Central place theory Ecosystem analysis Culture history Cultural ecology Polytheism

63 Thomas Malthus based his work on population on which of the following premises?Both food production and population increase arithmetically Food production increases arithmetically and population increases exponentially Both food production and population increase exponentially Food production increases exponentially and population increases arithmetically Food production increases arithmetically and population remains stable

64 As a country’s economy develops, a smaller percentage of the workforce tends to be employed in……agriculture, because industrialization decreases the value of rural land …agriculture, because investment in technology increases yields and decreases labor demand …industry, because the profit from extracting natural resources increases …industry, because productivity increases as labor costs rise …services, because technology increases efficiency in the provision of services

65 What is the purpose of the ‘Drop the Debt’ campaign?To eliminate taxes in all countries To stop rich countries from collecting debt payments from poor countries To raise awareness about the economic crisis To stop development aid to Africa To kick multi-national corporations out of poor countries

66 Which oilfield has the potential to cause geopolitical conflict over territory?Burgan Oilfield Mutriba Oilfield Magwa Oilfield Rumaylah Oilfield Al-Madi Oilfield

67 What is eco-tourism? Adventure travel to see communities where no foreigners have ever been before Adventure travel to the most ecologically unique parts of the planet Responsible travel to sustainable hotels in urban areas Responsible travel without any carbon emissions Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people

68 People who protest like this are part of which movement?World Trade Organization Movement Globalization Movement Glocalization Movement Anti-globalization Movement Capitalist Movement

69 Which of the following is an example of ‘social stress’ in an urban area?Crime Noise Pollution Congestion None of the above are examples of ‘social stress’ All of the above are examples of ‘social stress’

70 Which of the following is an example of a long-term response after an earthquake hits a city?Medical treatment for wounded people Bury the dead Ask for emergency aid from international organizations and governments Re-build structures to withstand stronger earthquakes Set up temporary housing for displaced people

71 What is this bestselling book about?A history of mapmaking in the 21st century A discussion on the impact of technology to connect more people more quickly in the 21st century A discussion on the dangers of globalization in the 21st century A history of the physical world in the 21st century A biography of Tom Friedman

72 What is this plan most likely showing?The proposed area for an urban regeneration project The proposed area for an industrialization project The proposed area for a new airport The proposed area for a landfill The potential locations of Weapons of Mass Destruction hidden in an urban area

73 Which of the following countries is famous for giving large agricultural subsidies to its farmers?Guatemala Australia Tanzania Unites States of America Zimbabwe

74 Which organization’s website is thisWhich organization’s website is this ? (hint – see acronym circled in red) Conservation International Conservation Interest Conservation Individuals Conservation Ideals Conservation Interactive

75 Which magazine has this as its logo?National Geographic Geography International Journal of Geography Geography World Geography