1 Types of Hunger Chapter 3
2 2010 potential famines: Oxfam says 10 million people across the Sahel region in West Africa, particularly in Niger and Chad, are facing severe food shortages. In the Sahel, the severe food shortages expected in the coming months are caused by irregular rains in 2009. The international aid agency warned that eight million people are at risk in Niger and two million in Chad. Oxfam said the looming food shortage also threatens a substantial number of people in Mali, as well as those in parts of Burkina Faso and Nigeria
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4 “The rains were many people’s last hope but they have failed again.”Jeremy Loveless Oxfam’s Deputy Humanitarian Director Malnutrition rates up, cholera reported, millions of live stock lost, aid agency calls for boost in appeal funds November rains that were expected to ease the hunger crisis in East Africa have failed yet again in some of the worst hit areas, international aid agency Oxfam warned today, as it appealed for more funds to boost its aid package for those in
5 Emergency aid is needed now! East Africa17 December 2009 The crisis is most severe in parts of Somalia, where worsening conflict and the drought has left 3.6 million people – a third of the country’s population – in need of aid. In Somaliland, herders say they have lost per cent of their animals. Some initial rainfall in early October brought signs of hope, but after only a few weeks the rain stopped again in many of the driest and most vulnerable areas. In northern and north-eastern Uganda, 1.4 million people are now urgently in need of aid. The Karamoja region is particularly badly affected, where there has been virtually no rain and the main harvest has produced less than half the usual amount of food. Food stocks are expected to run out by January, and the price of staple foods has doubled. In Tanzania, the number of people in need of aid has now leaped from 279,000 earlier this year to over 1.5 million people. In parts of north-western Kenya, the rains have stopped completely in the past month. Nationwide, over 500,000 animals are estimated to have died in the drought, at a cost of over $260 million to the local economy. Many people are now voting with their feet and migrating to towns and cities in search of work and food. However, many people are no better off in urban areas, where high unemployment and rising costs mean hundreds of thousands of people struggle to find even one reasonable meal a day. Ethiopia is one of the worst affected countries, with nearly 5 million people in need of urgent aid. In parts of the south and north-east, initially promising rains have stopped abruptly, with the little pasture and shrubs generated by the rain now close to drying up, and the current harvest expected to be well below normal. “In many areas this is the fourth, fifth or sixth season of poor rains in a row. More must be done to invest in helping these communities cope with the dry years – through long term rural development and investing in national agriculture. But in the short-term lives are at stake and emergency aid is needed now,” said Loveless.
6 The Coming World Famine: Will 2010 Be The Year The World Runs Out Of Food? March, 2010A "perfect storm" of circumstances is coming together that is leading many agriculture experts to predict that we will soon be experiencing a worldwide food crisis of unprecedented magnitude. Will 2010 be the year that the world runs out of food? Record setting droughts, exploding populations and crippling crop failures all over the world are combining to set the stage for a potentially devastating food crisis in the coming year. Even in such technologically advanced times, the reality is that the food supply is not immune to droughts and plagues. Even the United States has been dramatically affected. Just consider the following examples..... *All time record breaking heat and drought continues to plague the state of Texas. In fact, extreme drought conditions can be found in many agricultural areas throughout the United States this summer. *If the drought conditions were not bad enough, a disease known as "late blight" is absolutely devastating tomato and potato plants in the eastern half of the United States. The prices for those two staple foods could shoot through the roof, hitting already hurting American consumers really hard. But it is not just the U.S. that is experiencing serious agricultural problems. In fact, the news from the rest of the world is even more troubling. *Agricultural scientists fear that Ug99, a devastating wheat fungus also known as stem rust, could wipe out over 80 percent of the world's wheat crop as it spreads out from Africa. *Harvests all across the globe are frighteningly low.
7 TYPES OF HUNGER FAMINE: A widespread lack of food, caused when drought, flood or war disrupts the availability of food among undernourished people.
8 NATIONS BELOW 2,150 CALORIES DAILY/PER CAPITA1,617 MOZAMBIQUE * 1,704 ETHIOPIA * 1,731 GUINEA * 1,733 CHAD * 1,784 SIERRA LEONE * 1,784 HAITI 1,785 GHANA * 1,804 BANGLADESH 1,810 MALI * 1,926 ANGOLA * 1,935 RWANDA * 1,997 NEPAL 2,003 BURKINA FASO * 2,005 ECUADOR 2,059 CENTRAL AFRICAN REP * * African nations CHRONIC UNDERNUTRION (Chronic Persistent Hunger)
9 TYPES OF HUNGER FAMINE: A widespread lack of food, caused when drought, flood or war disrupts the availability of food among undernourished people. CHRONIC UNDERNUTRITION: Consumption, over a long period of time, of fewer calories and less protein than are needed by the body.
10 Diet Deficiency DiseasesCause/Symptom: Results if Untreated: Treatment: AVITAMINOSIS Lack of Vitamin A Blindness Large amounts of Vitamin A found in animals/vegetables or Vitamin A tablets SCURVY Lack of Vitamin C Wounds Heal Slow Loss of Appetite Death Large amounts of citrus fruits, vegetables & potatoes ANEMIA Shortage of Iron Addition of meat, liver, and other iron containing foods RICKETS Lack of Vitamin D Deformities of the skull, legs, spine and pelvis Diet rich in Vitamin D found in fish, liver and butter KWASHIORKOR Lack of Protein, Death from loss of body fluids from vomiting and diarrhea Additional protein in diet MALNUTRITION
11 TYPES OF HUNGER FAMINE: A widespread lack of food, caused when drought, flood or war disrupts the availability of food among undernourished people. CHRONIC UNDERNUTRITION: Consumption, over a long period of time, of fewer calories and less protein than are needed by the body. MALNUTRITION: Lack of specific vitamins or minerals that are vital to health.
12 2010 Potential Warning Signs6) Canadian crop development lags with 60% of winter grains are behind normal development. Spring grains development is even further behind, with 75% of crops affected. 7) Ukraine will only produce 35 MMT of grain this season, 35 percent less than last year. 8 ) 3.3 million hectares of the Russia’s spring crops have been badly damaged by drought. Production this year is seen lower at around MMT from 63.7 MMT in 2008. 9) Sugar hit it's highest in three years. 10) The lack of monsoon rains in northern India was the main driver of the rally in sugar. World demand is outstripping supply by over six million tons at the moment, and India is set to potentially become the world's largest importer this year. 11) Spanish wheat output is now projected 32% lower this year. 12) Rain is damaging crops in the UK and across Europe.
13 2010 Potential Warning Signs1) Bulgaria harvest will be around 20% lower than last season's output. 2) Argentine farmers will plant just 2.6 million hectares of winter wheat for the 2009/10 season, a stunning 2.1 million less than was planted in 2008/09 (down nearly 45%). 3) Part of the reason behind lower plantings is a protest to the government and their export restrictions. 4) Brazil, the world's third largest wheat importer, bought 51,000 MT of US wheat in March week, more than it bought in the entire first six months of the year. 5) With the Brazilian real strengthening against the dollar, Brazilian millers that are being forced to look for supplies are finding US wheat fitting the bill quite nicely.
14 U.S. Potential Harvest Problems