1 Unit 13 Healthy Eating

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3 The six essential nutrientsEach day our body should receive 50 nutrients from the food we eat. Let’s take a closer look at the six essential nutrients. Protein 2. Carbohydrates 3. Fat 4. Vitamins 5. Minerals 6. Water

4 Warming up Look at the following pictures.Decide if the food shown in the pictures is junk food or healthy food. Give reasons for your decisions.

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6 Junk food: fast food French fries /chips pizza hamburgers

7 Chinese street food noodles rice rice dumplingscorn / sweet corn / corncob rice rice dumplings

8 tomatoes, cabbages, cucumbers,carrots, etc. Food group: vegetables

9 Fried bread peanuts Food group: Beans and nuts; bread and grains nuts

10 Food group: fruits bananas, apples, pears, oranges, grapes, etc.

11 fish Food group: meats beef pork chicken

12 Junk food: desserts candy, candy bars, chocolates ice cream

13 Food group: vegetables; beans and nuts tofu/bean-curd mushrooms

14 The main food groups: Fruits and vegetables Meat, fish, poultry, eggs, beans, and nuts 3. milk, cheese and yoghurt 4. bread, cereals, pasta, rice, noodles, and potatoes Of these, foods in the last group are most often eaten.

15 Listening 1.What’s wrong with Mike? _____________________2. What did Mike have for breakfast? ______________________________ _____________________________ 3. Can you give Mike some advice? What should he eat less of? He has a stomachache. Two pieces of chocolate, a glass of coke, and two cookie. (open answers)

16 1. Which side of Mike’s stomach hurts? _______________________________ 2. Does Mike have a fever? ___________________ 3. What does the doctor tell Mike to do? His left side hurts. No, he doesn’t. His temperature is normal. Take some pills and call him if there is a problem.

17 Speaking Useful expressions Doctor PatientI’ve got a pain here. This place hurts. There’s something wrong with my back / my knee / my arm. I don’t feel well. Doctor Lie down and let me examine you. Let me have a look. Where does it hurt? Drink plenty of water and get some rest.

18 EXAMPLE: Dr Yang: What can I do for you, Sharon?Sharon: Well, I couldn’t sleep last night. Dr Yang: What’s the matter? Sharon: I’ve got a pain here. Just here. Ouch! Dr Yang: What did you eat yesterday? Sharon: For lunch I had noodles, salad, and later a peach. I didn’t have any supper, because I didn’t feel very well. Dr Yang: Was the peach ripe or green? You ought to be careful with fruit. Sharon: It was a bit green. Dr Yang: I think that may be the problem.

19 It’s nothing serious . You’d betterget some rest . Take this medicine three times a day .You’ll be all right soon . And I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in the future . Sharon: OK. Thank you .Goodbye.

20 Speaking Pairwork Situation 1 Student A (doctor)Ask the patient what is wrong and give him or her some advice. Student B (patient) I am coughing all the time. I have a fever and a headache.

21 Situation 2 Situation 3 My left arm is broken. It really hurts.Student A (Patient) My left arm is broken. It really hurts. Student A (Doctor) Ask the patient what is wrong and give him or her some advice. Student B (Doctor) Student B (Patient) I can’t sleep at night, so I am always very tired.

22 Sample dialogue 1 D = doctor; L = LilyD: What seems to be the trouble, Lily? L: I’m not sure. My back hurts but so do my legs. D: Oh? Let’s have a look. Does your back hurt here? L: No, a little lower. D: How about here? L: Ouch. Yes, right there. Ohhh. D: Show me where your legs hurt. L: They hurt behind my knees and on this part.

23 D: That’s called the calf (小腿) of your leg.Well, you might have two problems. L: Two problems? Oh no, is that serious? D: I don’t think so. Have you done any heavy lifting recently? L: Why, yes. Last night I helped my cousin carry some boxes of books to her room. We had to walk all the way from her school. D: I see. Well, you have a sore back from lifting too much. Have your mum rub it for you. L: OK. But what about my legs?

24 D: Nothing to worry about them. They’rejust tired from so much walking! So take a rest today. L: Oh, great! No housework! Thanks, Doctor.

25 Language Points 1. a piece / bit / word of / some / much adviceSpeaking 1. a piece / bit / word of / some / much advice ask sb. for advice give advice on how to do sth. take / follow one’s advice advise doing sth. advise sb. to do sth. advise that + (should) do / be advise sb. + what to do n. advise v.

26 taking The doctor advised __________a week’s rest. 2) The doctor advised him __________a week’s rest. 3) The doctor advised that he ____________ a week’ rest. 4) Please advise me _______________. Please advise me ________________. to take ( should) take which to choose which I should choose

27 hurt his leg hurt the eyes was hurt hurt hurts2. My left arm really hurts. 1) He jumped off the top of the wall and ___________________. It will _______________ to read in such poor light. I ______________ by his rude remark . 2) My shoes are too tight, so my feet________. My stomach ________ because I’ve eaten too many apples. hurt his leg hurt the eyes was hurt hurt hurts

28 3. a lot of fat and sugar / proteinlots of vitamins plenty of water / books a world of music/ books a large amount of money…

29 4. You ought to be careful with fruit.be careful + about / of / with / in / to do / that-clause Be careful about what you say. Be careful of what you’re doing. Be more careful with your work. Be careful in dealing with such people. Be careful not to catch cold. Be careful that you don’t drop it.

30 in the future = in future5. I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in the future. 1) No one knows what will happen __________________ . 2) I regret being late for school and I will be on time ___________. 3) Who can tell what the computer will be like _____________? 4) You’d better not go out alone __________. in the future = in future in the future in future in the future in future

31 6. fever n. He has a high fever. She has a slight fever. She has two degrees of fever.

32 Vocabulary 1. cold fever, cough, sneeze, snivel, chill, headache2. examine 1) We have our suitcases ______________at the airport. 2) The teacher _______________________________ the lessons they have learned this term. 3) You are _______________________ by the doctor in turns. 3. energy solar energy, atomic energy, electric energy, mechanical… Vocabulary examined will examine the students in/on to be examined

33 4. Was the peach ripe or green ?Translate the following into Chinese: 1)… who have tried to use green and clean ways to make the foods. The young man is a green hand at doing things. 2) Things look black / blue. 3) The poor boy was beaten black and blue all over. 4) He got into the red because he had been out of work for more than two years. 5) The car we bought last year is a white elephant; it uses a lot of petrol and breaks down again and again. 6) Don’t be yellow dogs and be brave. 7) I’m brown off, sitting here all day with nothing to do.

34 Pre - reading How many meals do you eat every day? Which meal do you think is the most important? Why? 2. How much water do you drink every day? 3. What kind of snacks do you eat? 4. Which of the following gives you the most energy: a banana, a soft drink, a bar of chocolate?

35 Reading What’s the best way to make sure that we feel and look fine? The best way is to develop healthy eating habits.

36 Reading What do traditional diets often have? A. too much waterB. too much protein C. too much fat and too many calories D. nutrients we need 2. What can help our body fight disease and give us energy? A. Vitamins, fibre and minerals B. Pork and fish C. Water D. Calcium

37 3. What contains a lot of protein?A. Vegetables B. Fruits C. Vitamins D. Fish, meat and beans 4. Why do some people become vegetarians? A. Because they believe it is healthier not to eat meat or they think we should not kill animals for food. B. Because they think meat is not “eco-foods”. C. Because they think meat will make them fat. D. Because they think meat will make them thin. D. Fish, meat and beans

38 5. From the passage we can concludethat it is probably better, if _____. A. we eat less meat B. we have more fruit C. we have “eco-foods” D. we buy good food and keep a balanced diet

39 Summary We must change our eating habits to keep up with the times.2. Our bodies need different kinds of nutrients to grow and stay healthy. 3. The choices we make when we eat take into consideration what society expects us to eat. 4. Having a balanced diet is the best way to stay healthy. 5. A good diet will help us lead a more successful and happier life.

40 Post-reading “Fuel” here means the food we need tokeep our bodies healthy and active. Green foods are organic foods, that is, foods that are grown and produced naturally. 2. any food that tastes good --- food that should be enjoyed regardless of (不顾, 不管 ) health benefits(有利,有益 ) any food that is healthy --- food that should keep our bodies fit any food that is a vegetable --- food that shouldn’t include animals

41 any food that is organic --- food thatshould be produced naturally without hurting the environment any food that is safe --- food that should not cause a risk to our health We have more foods to choose from and many of these foods are not produced organically. --- We are busier than in past years so we now have less time to eat than before. --- More snack foods are available since more people like to eat between meals.

42 --- Now many people are paying moreattention to their health because others remind them to --- Some people refuse to eat foods produced with chemicals because they believe they’re unsafe. --- Some people care as much about the health and safety of animals as people so they refuse to eat meat. --- People today expect food to taste good and still be healthy. They now have more choices when they go to the market.

43 4. --- Many people don’t get enoughnutrition from their food so they take supplements, especially vitamin pills. 4. Why do people go to fast food restaurants? People go to fast food restaurants because they are quick and convenient. Why is it not good for you to eat too much sugar and fat? Too much sugar and fat will make you as big as a whale!

44 Why are crash diets and supplementsso popular? Some people start crash diets because they are in too much of a hurry to lose weight naturally. What can we do to keep a balanced diet? To keep a balanced diet, we must first make a list of the foods we most often eat.

45 Language points Reading Nodding the head arguing with him Watching TV1. Choosing what to eat is no longer as it once was. 1) _______________________ means agreement. 2) It’s a waste of time_______________. 3) ____________________ is a popular pastime. Nodding the head arguing with him Watching TV

46 keep up Keep up your courage keep up the custom can’t keep up with2. If we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life, we had better make the right choices about what and how we eat. 1) Prices still ____________ these days. 2) ______________________ and don’t give it up, you will succeed in the end. 3) People in China still _____________ __________of enjoying moon-cakes on the mid-autumn Festival. 4) Study hard or you _______________ the development in science. keep up 不低落,维持,继续 keep up with keep up Keep up your courage keep up the custom can’t keep up with

47 a special diet the natural food food and drink Proper diet3. Stores offer all kinds of food and snacks and we have to make many choices. A food diet 1)Milk is __________________for young babies. 2) The government provided plenty of ____________________ to the people who suffered from the flood. 3) As I’m too fat, the doctor has ordered me _______________________ . 4) _________________ and exercise are both important for health. the natural food food and drink a special diet Proper diet

48 a balanced diet a low-fat diet to go / be on a diet make theB. choose choice 1) …, We had better learn to __________ ______________ about what and how we eat. 2) But __________________are not just about nutrition. When we ______________________, we had better think whether the food will give us the nutrients we need. make the right choices the choices we make choose what to buy and eat

49 to choose from which to choose3) She is strict in her work and she________ her words with care in the writing, so the teacher praised her for that. 4) Let me see what you _________________. 5) There are five pairs of shoes for me ________________, but I don’t know __________________. chose have chosen to choose from which to choose

50 builds up our character4. Some nutrients help build our body and make it stronger. 1) Reading widely _______________ . 2) The success _________________. 3) Sports and games ______________. 4) Hard work ___________________. builds the mind built our confidence build our bodies builds up our character

51 upon careful research is based on facts On what based on5. Many people today make choices about their eating habits based on what they believe. We also make choices based on how the products are grown or made. 1) You should base your conclusion ___________________________ . 2) What I have told you ____________________. 3) _________do you base your decision ? 4) The novel _______ the Anti- Japanese War will be filmed. upon careful research is based on facts On what based on

52 6. Organic vegetables are those that are grown without chemicals thatcan be harmful to human beings or environment. kind, polite, cruel; loyal, true, false, faithful; deaf, blind, awake; useful, necessary, important; easy, difficult, possible; clear, open, new; thankful, grateful…

53 can understand was allowed saw happen7. Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life. 1) Only the boy himself knew what he was going to be. (强调主语时,主谓不倒装) Only then did I realize that he was trying to help us. 2) Only in this way, ____ you ___________ the meaning. 3) Only when he showed his pass to the guard, ______ he __________ to enter the office building. 4) Only my mother ________ the accident _________. can understand was allowed saw happen

54 Correct the following mistake in each sentence.They made some Chinese friends in Beijing so as to improve their Chinese better. 2. He advised my giving up smoking. 3. They try to keep a balancing diet. 4. Only in this way we will be ready for the challenges in life. 5. If our diet including foods from all the food groups, we do not have to buy any supplements. me to give balanced will we includes

55 Complete the following sentences:The teacher advised him ___________________(不要在马路上玩). 2. _____________________________ ______ (培养健康的饮食习惯) is very important. 3. _________________________ (选择 吃什么) is no longer as easy as it once was. 4. Because they think we _____________ _____________(不该杀动物来作食物). 5. __________ (代替) eating expensive foods, they did more exercises. not to play on the road Developing / To develop healthy eating habits Choosing / To choose what to eat should not kill animals for food Instead of

56 Grammar Translate the following into English. 1. 你最好休息. 2. 你最好不要吃不熟的水果. 3. 对水果你应该认真些. You had better get some rest. You had better not eat fruit that isn’t ripe. You should / ought to be careful with fruit.

57 You should not / ought not to eat so much junk food.4. 你不应该吃那么多垃圾食品. You should not / ought not to eat so much junk food. 5. 你应该更努力地学习,取得更大的成绩. You should study harder and make greater progress.

58 Grammar You have a bit of a fever. You ___________________.if you want to be healthy. 3. If you are sick, you ___________ ______________________. 4. Before you eat an apple, you ____________________. 5. You don’t look well. You should stay home today had better change your diet had better not go outside in the rain should make sure it is ripe ought to get some rest

59 6. You have a bad cough. You ______________________ _____________________. 7. This medicine will make you sleepy. 8. There is nothing seriously wrong with your knee, but you had better take this cough medicine twice a day had better not drive your car until this afternoon should try not to run on it

60 (P 6) Advice from Annie 1. First, you ought to talk to yourfriend about it before the dinner. 2. But if you don’t want to ask her, then you had better do what she does at the table. 3. Of course, you should try all the food you are offered. 4. however, you shouldn’t be too nervous. After all, you’re her guest and she will try her best to make you feel comfortable.

61 True-or-false exercises:Our body doesn’t need to refuel if we choose nutritious food for our main meals. 2. Good snacks should come from different food groups and should not have too much fat or sugar. 3. Fruits and vegetables don’t give us any vitamins. 4. Most fruits need cooking. 5. Fruits and vegetables are the only healthy snacks. F T F F F

62 A Recipe of Wonton Wonton Ingredients:Pork, Chinese Chives(细香葱), Gourmet Powder, Wonton skins Cut the pork and Chinese Chives into pieces. Mix the pork and Chinese Chives in a bowl. Put half a spoonful of salt and a little gourmet powder into the bowl and stir them with chopsticks. Fill and fold the skins. Boil Wonton in boiling water for 3 or 4 minutes.

63 Complete the sentences using the expressions in this unit.1.What he said about you _________________(对 我也适用). 2. What do you want _______________ (将来做个什么样的人)? 3. She was laughing __________ (一直) just now. 4. His parents __________________(劝 他不要再吃) chocolate any more. 5. During this month of hard work, many of us _________________(降低了体重). goes for me too to be in the future all the time advise him not to eat have lost weight

64 6. There are _____________ (许多书)on the shelf. 7. He was often ill because he __________________(饮食过量). 8. Hack was not good at maths and he _________________ (跟不上) the rest of the class. 9. Smoking can _______________ your health. 10. Yesterday evening he _________ _____(发高烧 ) and was sent to hospital. plenty of books ate and drank too much couldn’t keep up with be harmful to had a high fever

65 11. It’s going to rain. It doesn’t matter;he ________________(已有准备) it. was prepared for

66 Wb P 71 Unit Listening 1. Part 1 Part 2 one fried rice with egg and ham, one vegetarian burger, one large house salad, one large tomato salad, two diet cokes one small tomato salad, one cheeseburger with fries and bread rolls, one Sprite and coffee after the meal 2. Customers 1 and 2 ( part 1) would have to pay $ for their meal. Customer 3 ( part 2 ) would have to pay $ 8.55

67 Wb P 72 Practising (Vocabulary 1)1. A mushroom grows in nature. Chocolates, sweets and ice-cream are made in factories. 2. We use calories to measure energy. Fibre, vitamins and minerals are nutrients. 3. A diet is a list of food you should eat. Peaches, salads and French fries are different kinds of food. 4. Steam, fry and boil are all cooking terms. Peel is not a cooking term.

68 Wb P 74 Grammar (translation)Answers to Exercise 2: The doctor advises Jane that she should exercise more. 2. If you are trying hard to lose weight, you ought to avoid eating too much oil and fat. 3. You ought to take exercise while you are trying to lose weight. You’d better take a walk for about half an hour at least once every day.

69 4. Boys need about 2,800 calories a day,and girls need about 2,200 calories a day. 5. You’d better not eat more than 65 grammes of fat every day.

70 Wb P 74 Integrating skillsDON’T BE A MOUSE POTATO What is a couch potato? 2. What is the difference between junk food and healthy food? A couch potato is a person who spends too much time in front of the TV and eats too much junk food. Junk food gives us too much fat, sugar and other unhealthy things but not enough nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Healthy food, like vegetables and fruits, gives us few calories but lots of vitamins and minerals.

71 3. In this passage, ‘source’ probably means:A. where something comes from B. what something is made of C. where something is placed D. what something has inside 4. What does “it is better to eat a potato than to be one” mean? It means that we should eat vegetables --- for example potatoes --- and not spend too much time in front of our TV or computer and eat too much junk food.

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73 Speaking Visiting the Doctor Vocabularies of common diseasesrhinitis 鼻炎 tonsillitis 扁桃体炎 enteritis 肠炎 otitis 耳炎 pneumonia 肺炎 rheumatism 风湿 Diarrhea 腹泻 far/near sight远近视 arthritis 关节炎 keratitis 角膜炎 sore-throat 咽喉痛 Measles 麻疹 nephritis 肾炎 color blindness色盲 glossitis 舌炎 asthma 哮喘 heart disease 心脏病

74 9. It is probably better, however, if we spend our time and money on buying good food and keeping a balanced diet. A. Translate the following into Chinese: 1) 1) Some of the food crops failed. However, the cotton did quite well. He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however. You haven’t told us your opinion. You can, how-ever, make it clear now. 2) However cold it is, the old man always goes

75 B. 1) The mother spent all her money _______________ her son’s life. 2) China has spent much money ______________________ in Beijing for the Olympic Games. 3) He didn’t pass the examinations because he spent little time _________________ . He didn’t pass the examinations because he spent little time__________. ( in ) saving on sports buildings on his studies in studying