1 Vayujeet Gokhale Truman State UniversitySolar Eclipse 2017 Vayujeet Gokhale Truman State University
2 Solar Eclipse 2017 Where will you be on August 21, 2017?
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5 Solar Eclipse 2017
6 WE ARE LOOKING FOR INTERESTED AND MOTIVATED VOLUNTEERSEclipse 2017 in Kirksville WE ARE LOOKING FOR INTERESTED AND MOTIVATED VOLUNTEERS Sun-Earth-Moon Workshop in Late March at Truman State University Exact date, time and room numbers TBD for information and updates
7 Outline of Talk Sun-Earth-Moon GeometryPhases of the Moon Lunar Eclipses Solar Eclipses Safe Ways to witness Solar Eclipses Eclipse 2017 in Kirksville Useful Websites, Demo’s, Video’s, etc.
8 The Sun, Earth, Moon SystemWhy does the Moon show phases?
9 The Sun, Earth, Moon SystemThe Earth and Sun go around their common center of mass It takes one year to complete one orbit The Earth and Moon go around their common center of mass It takes about 27 days, 7 hours to complete one orbit but, It takes about 29 days, 12 hours from one full Moon to the next full Moon
10 The Sun, Earth, Moon SystemThe Earth and Sun go around their common center of mass It takes one year to complete one orbit The Earth and Moon go around their common center of mass It takes about 27 days, 7 hours to complete one orbit but, It takes about 29 days, 12 hours from one full Moon to the next full Moon earthsky.org
11 Moon Phase: The Sun, Earth, Moon System
12 The Sun, Earth, Moon SystemWhy do we have Eclipses? What causes a Lunar Eclipse? What causes a Solar Eclipse?
13 Cosmic Coincidence! The Sun’s diameter is 400x the Moon’s diameter, but the Sun is also 400x farther away from Earth!
14 Eclipses We know that the Moon is orbiting the Earth, the Earth is orbiting the Sun and both the Moon and the Earth are spinning about their own axes. We ask the question, why doesn’t the Moon block the Sun every month? Answer: The Moon’s orbital plane is tilted with respect to the ecliptic – the tilt is about 50. Eclipses can occur only if the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are all along the line of nodes.
15 Eclipses Eclipses can occur only twice a year, since only twice during an year the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are along the line of nodes.
16 Eclipses Situation during most new moonsSituation during an Eclipse – occurs less often
17 Orbit of the Moon: Eclipses do not occur on the same date and time every year.
18 The Lunar Eclipse Situation 1: Penumbral EclipseSituation 2: Total Eclipse Situation 3: Partial Eclipse
19 Solar Eclipses Not to scale © exploratorium.edu
20 The Solar Eclipse A partial Solar Eclipse An annular Solar Eclipse
21 Bottom Line: Eclipses
22 Viewing the Partial EclipseSafe ways to Observe Solar Eclipses !! Do Not Look Directly at the Sun!! !! REFER TO HANDOUT !! Projection of image Pinhole or using tools Directly with filter Live streaming the event During a partial eclipse, Do Not Look Directly At The Sun. There are many ways to view a partial eclipse. Even those on the path of totality will observe a partial eclipse for all but a few minutes, so this applies to everyone. We’re going to talk about 3 different ways to view a solar eclipse here. Let’s start with the simplest way – Projection.
23 Safe ways to Observe Solar EclipsesPinhole Cameras !! Potential Art Projects !! Pinhole projection can be done anywhere by making a small hole in a piece of cardboard or tinfoil and looking at the light that shines through it to a flat place a few feet away. You might not know this, but the round lights you see everyday on the ground, between the leaves of trees are actually projections of the Sun! You can use any number of small holes like the spaces between leaves, a colander, or even your hands. Get creative and try it out before the eclipse. You can try different shaped holes, different sizes. See what works best. Activity suggestion: As you walk in the evening, you can try this at night with street lights through the leaves. Some lights are actually made up of many smaller LEDs and you will see those in the projections. Photo Credit: exploratorium.edu
24 Project the Sun with Tools – and CareSafe ways to Observe Solar Eclipses Another method of projection involves binoculars or a small telescope. Emphasize : This is not viewing the Sun directly! You never want to look through binoculars at the Sun. * By carefully covering all but one lens, you can project an image of the Sun onto a flat surface. This set-up needs careful monitoring so that no one accidentally looks through the eyepiece. You will go blind. Possible addition: It can be useful to take an old pair of binoculars (or a magnifying glass) and shine them on a piece of thin plastic like old negatives or a plastic garbage bag. These will melt and give your visitors a visceral reminder not to look through binoculars at the Sun. Be careful – this projection can get very hot and you’ll need to give your instrument a break as it heats up.
25 Observing Directly with FiltersSafe ways to Observe Solar Eclipses There are ways to observe the eclipse directly, but it requires special filters. Use approved eclipse glasses – not sunglasses! Also welders glass #14 is safe for viewing. Don’t combine two #7 glasses. That is not safe. There are ways to observe the eclipse directly, but it requires special filters Use approved eclipse glasses – not sunglasses! Also welders glass #14 is safe for viewing. Don’t combine two #7 glasses. That is not safe. #14 Welders Glasses
26 Use Special Care with Filtered OpticsSafe ways to Observe Solar Eclipses Telescopes and binoculars equipped with special solar filters are also useful if you have access. Use only special-purpose solar filters on your precious optics! These are usually made of metalized glass or special Mylar, not from a balloon. Get these filters as far in advance as possible. See more information in the Resources page. ----- Image credit: Rick Feinberg
27 Eclipse 2017 in Kirksville
28 Eclipse 2017 in Kirksville http://observatory.truman.edu/eclipse2017/Event Time (EST) Alt Azi Start of partial eclipse 11:44:53 AM 55.6° 139.2° Maximum eclipse 1:11:57 PM 61.7° 179.2° End of partial eclipse 2:37:52 PM 56.1° 219.2°
29 Eclipse 2017 The diamond ring The solar corona “Totality”
30 Eclipse 2017 in Kirksville: Funding$2800 from the Missouri Space Grant Consortium (MACC + Truman) $2800 from the ‘AAS Small Eclipse Grant’ (Truman) $1000 from SAM & Physics (Truman) $600 from Kirksville Tourism
31 Eclipse 2017 in Kirksville 12 solar telescopes (optical telescopes fitted with appropriate solar filters) 10 Solar binoculars 7500 solar glasses 3000 R-III schools 2500 Truman State 1000 Del and Norma Robison Planetarium 1000 Kirksville Tourism In addition, 300 solar glasses have been ordered by the Adair County Public Library. 2 Sunspotters Several pinhole camera’s of different kinds (as mentioned earlier)
32 Eclipse 2017 in Kirksville Staff/Faculty CommitteeJanet Gooch (SAM Dean) Tom Nothdurft (R-III Schools) Zac Burden (Mo-hall Director) Carolina-Sempertegui-Sosa (Biology) Bill Miller (Chemistry) David Caples (MACC) Vayujeet Gokhale (Physics) Student Volunteers Samantha Carroll Pujita Ravichandar Haley Parker Rebecca Niemeier Patrick Morgan Jonathan Marple Garrett Money Mridul Bhattarai Charlyn Ortmann Faith Parrish (MACC)
33 WE ARE LOOKING FOR INTERESTED AND MOTIVATED VOLUNTEERSEclipse 2017 in Kirksville WE ARE LOOKING FOR INTERESTED AND MOTIVATED VOLUNTEERS Sun-Earth-Moon Workshop in Late March at Truman State University Exact date, time and room numbers TBD for information and updates
34 Events leading up to Eclipse 2017 in KirksvilleSolar scopes will be set up across Kirksville (the county library, grocery stores, TSU campus, farmers market, etc.) twice a month Trained volunteers will educate students and members of the community about solar activity such as sunspots, solar flares, plages, prominences, and filaments. Students will explain the science and geometry of eclipses to members of the general public.
35 Events leading up to Eclipse 2017 in KirksvilleOn the day of the eclipse, several solar telescopes will be set up at various locations on or near the Truman campus, the Adair County Library, and the Kirksville R-III school district campus. In addition, solar glasses will be distributed for safe viewing of the eclipse. Sunspotters, solar binoculars, and handheld spectroscopes will be available at selected sites. The Adair County Library will establish a ‘Library-Telescope program’ using some of the solar telescopes and binoculars for patrons to check out. Appropriate user-friendly modifications will be made. Library staff will be trained in safety and operation of these instruments.
36 Other Potential LocationsEclipse 2017 in Kirksville Locations Water Fountain on Truman Campus Truman State Observatory MACC/R-III School Area Adair County Public Library/Rotary Park Other Potential Locations Downtown Kirksville (lunch traffic) North Park Walmart/Hyvee/Aldi Parking Lot (?) Other ideas?
37 Activities and Information HandoutsHow to make a pinhole camera How to build a sun-funnel: https://eclipse.aas.org/sites/eclipse.aas.org/files/Build-Sun-Funnel-v3.2.pdf
38 Activities and Information HandoutsAmerican Astronomical Society Eclipse Page: https://eclipse.aas.org/resources/educational-materials Night Sky Network (NASA-JPL): https://nightsky.jpl.nasa.gov/download-view.cfm?Doc_ID=588 NASA Eclipse 2017 Teacher Resource Page: https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/k-12-formal-education NASA Museum Alliance Eclipse Page: https://informal.jpl.nasa.gov/museum/content/eclipse-2017 AAPT Eclipse Page:
39 WE ARE LOOKING FOR INTERESTED AND MOTIVATED VOLUNTEERSEclipse 2017 in Kirksville WE ARE LOOKING FOR INTERESTED AND MOTIVATED VOLUNTEERS Sun-Earth-Moon Workshop in Late March at Truman State University Exact date, time and room numbers TBD for information and updates